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DropdownMenu

Functions summary

Unit
@Composable
DropdownMenu(
    expanded: Boolean,
    onDismissRequest: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier,
    offset: DpOffset,
    scrollState: ScrollState,
    properties: PopupProperties,
    shape: Shape,
    containerColor: Color,
    tonalElevation: Dp,
    shadowElevation: Dp,
    border: BorderStroke?,
    content: @Composable ColumnScope.() -> Unit
)

Material Design dropdown menu
Cmn
android

Functions

Cmn android 
@Composable
fun DropdownMenu(
    expanded: Boolean,
    onDismissRequest: () -> Unit,
    modifier: Modifier = Modifier,
    offset: DpOffset = DpOffset(0.dp, 0.dp),
    scrollState: ScrollState = rememberScrollState(),
    properties: PopupProperties = MenuDefaults.DefaultMenuProperties,
    shape: Shape = MenuDefaults.shape,
    containerColor: Color = MenuDefaults.containerColor,
    tonalElevation: Dp = MenuDefaults.TonalElevation,
    shadowElevation: Dp = MenuDefaults.ShadowElevation,
    border: BorderStroke? = null,
    content: @Composable ColumnScope.() -> Unit
): Unit

Material Design dropdown menu

Menus display a list of choices on a temporary surface. They appear when users interact with a button, action, or other control.

Dropdown menu image

A DropdownMenu behaves similarly to a Popup, and will use the position of the parent layout to position itself on screen. Commonly a DropdownMenu will be placed in a Box with a sibling that will be used as the 'anchor'. Note that a DropdownMenu by itself will not take up any space in a layout, as the menu is displayed in a separate window, on top of other content.

The content of a DropdownMenu will typically be DropdownMenuItems, as well as custom content. Using DropdownMenuItems will result in a menu that matches the Material specification for menus. Also note that the content is placed inside a scrollable Column, so using a androidx.compose.foundation.lazy.LazyColumn as the root layout inside content is unsupported.

onDismissRequest will be called when the menu should close - for example when there is a tap outside the menu, or when the back key is pressed.

DropdownMenu changes its positioning depending on the available space, always trying to be fully visible. Depending on layout direction, first it will try to align its start to the start of its parent, then its end to the end of its parent, and then to the edge of the window. Vertically, it will try to align its top to the bottom of its parent, then its bottom to top of its parent, and then to the edge of the window.

An offset can be provided to adjust the positioning of the menu for cases when the layout bounds of its parent do not coincide with its visual bounds.

Example usage:

import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.wrapContentSize
import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Edit
import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.MoreVert
import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Settings
import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.Edit
import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.Email
import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.MoreVert
import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.Settings
import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenu
import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenuItem
import androidx.compose.material3.HorizontalDivider
import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
import androidx.compose.material3.IconButton
import androidx.compose.material3.PlainTooltip
import androidx.compose.material3.Text
import androidx.compose.material3.TooltipAnchorPosition
import androidx.compose.material3.TooltipBox
import androidx.compose.material3.TooltipDefaults
import androidx.compose.material3.rememberTooltipState
import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.LiveRegionMode
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.liveRegion
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.paneTitle
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.semantics
import androidx.compose.ui.text.style.TextAlign

var expanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }

Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize().wrapContentSize(Alignment.TopStart)) {
    // Icon button should have a tooltip associated with it for a11y.
    TooltipBox(
        positionProvider =
            TooltipDefaults.rememberTooltipPositionProvider(TooltipAnchorPosition.Above),
        tooltip = {
            PlainTooltip(
                Modifier.semantics {
                    // TODO(b/496338253): Remove this modifier once bug where tooltip text is
                    //  not announced by a11y screen readers is resolved.
                    liveRegion = LiveRegionMode.Assertive
                    paneTitle = "Localized description"
                }
            ) {
                Text("Localized description")
            }
        },
        state = rememberTooltipState(),
    ) {
        IconButton(onClick = { expanded = true }) {
            Icon(Icons.Default.MoreVert, contentDescription = "Localized description")
        }
    }
    DropdownMenu(expanded = expanded, onDismissRequest = { expanded = false }) {
        DropdownMenuItem(
            text = { Text("Edit") },
            onClick = { /* Handle edit! */ },
            leadingIcon = { Icon(Icons.Outlined.Edit, contentDescription = null) },
        )
        DropdownMenuItem(
            text = { Text("Settings") },
            onClick = { /* Handle settings! */ },
            leadingIcon = { Icon(Icons.Outlined.Settings, contentDescription = null) },
        )
        HorizontalDivider()
        DropdownMenuItem(
            text = { Text("Send Feedback") },
            onClick = { /* Handle send feedback! */ },
            leadingIcon = { Icon(Icons.Outlined.Email, contentDescription = null) },
            trailingIcon = { Text("F11", textAlign = TextAlign.Center) },
        )
    }
}

Example usage with a ScrollState to control the menu items scroll position:

import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.Box
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.fillMaxSize
import androidx.compose.foundation.layout.wrapContentSize
import androidx.compose.foundation.rememberScrollState
import androidx.compose.material.icons.Icons
import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.Edit
import androidx.compose.material.icons.filled.MoreVert
import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.Edit
import androidx.compose.material.icons.outlined.MoreVert
import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenu
import androidx.compose.material3.DropdownMenuItem
import androidx.compose.material3.Icon
import androidx.compose.material3.IconButton
import androidx.compose.material3.PlainTooltip
import androidx.compose.material3.Text
import androidx.compose.material3.TooltipAnchorPosition
import androidx.compose.material3.TooltipBox
import androidx.compose.material3.TooltipDefaults
import androidx.compose.material3.rememberTooltipState
import androidx.compose.runtime.LaunchedEffect
import androidx.compose.runtime.mutableStateOf
import androidx.compose.runtime.remember
import androidx.compose.ui.Alignment
import androidx.compose.ui.Modifier
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.LiveRegionMode
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.liveRegion
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.paneTitle
import androidx.compose.ui.semantics.semantics

var expanded by remember { mutableStateOf(false) }
val scrollState = rememberScrollState()
Box(modifier = Modifier.fillMaxSize().wrapContentSize(Alignment.TopStart)) {
    // Icon button should have a tooltip associated with it for a11y.
    TooltipBox(
        positionProvider =
            TooltipDefaults.rememberTooltipPositionProvider(TooltipAnchorPosition.Above),
        tooltip = {
            PlainTooltip(
                Modifier.semantics {
                    // TODO(b/496338253): Remove this modifier once bug where tooltip text is
                    //  not announced by a11y screen readers is resolved.
                    liveRegion = LiveRegionMode.Assertive
                    paneTitle = "Localized description"
                }
            ) {
                Text("Localized description")
            }
        },
        state = rememberTooltipState(),
    ) {
        IconButton(onClick = { expanded = true }) {
            Icon(Icons.Default.MoreVert, contentDescription = "Localized description")
        }
    }
    DropdownMenu(
        expanded = expanded,
        onDismissRequest = { expanded = false },
        scrollState = scrollState,
    ) {
        repeat(30) {
            DropdownMenuItem(
                text = { Text("Item ${it + 1}") },
                onClick = { /* TODO */ },
                leadingIcon = { Icon(Icons.Outlined.Edit, contentDescription = null) },
            )
        }
    }
    LaunchedEffect(expanded) {
        if (expanded) {
            // Scroll to show the bottom menu items.
            scrollState.scrollTo(scrollState.maxValue)
        }
    }
}
Parameters
expanded: Boolean

whether the menu is expanded or not
onDismissRequest: () -> Unit

called when the user requests to dismiss the menu, such as by tapping outside the menu's bounds
modifier: Modifier = Modifier

Modifier to be applied to the menu's content
offset: DpOffset = DpOffset(0.dp, 0.dp)

DpOffset from the original position of the menu. The offset respects the androidx.compose.ui.unit.LayoutDirection, so the offset's x position will be added in LTR and subtracted in RTL.
scrollState: ScrollState = rememberScrollState()

a ScrollState to used by the menu's content for items vertical scrolling
properties: PopupProperties = MenuDefaults.DefaultMenuProperties

PopupProperties for further customization of this popup's behavior
shape: Shape = MenuDefaults.shape

the shape of the menu
containerColor: Color = MenuDefaults.containerColor

the container color of the menu
tonalElevation: Dp = MenuDefaults.TonalElevation

when containerColor is ColorScheme.surface, a translucent primary color overlay is applied on top of the container. A higher tonal elevation value will result in a darker color in light theme and lighter color in dark theme. See also: Surface.
shadowElevation: Dp = MenuDefaults.ShadowElevation

the elevation for the shadow below the menu
border: BorderStroke? = null

the border to draw around the container of the menu. Pass null for no border.
content: @Composable ColumnScope.() -> Unit

the content of this dropdown menu, typically a DropdownMenuItem
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