ServiceTestRule

Kotlin |Java

public class ServiceTestRule implements TestRule

A JUnit rule that provides a simplified mechanism to start and shutdown your service before and after the duration of your test. It also guarantees that the service is successfully connected when starting (or binding to) a service. The service can be started (or bound) using one of the helper methods. It will automatically be stopped (or unbound) after the test completes and any methods annotated with After are finished.

Note: This rule doesn't support android.app.IntentService because it's automatically destroyed when onHandleIntent finishes all outstanding commands. So there is no guarantee to establish a successful connection in a timely manner.

Usage:

@Rule
public final ServiceTestRule mServiceRule = new ServiceTestRule();

@Test
public void testWithStartedService() {
    mServiceRule.startService(
        new Intent(InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext(), MyService.class));
    //do something
}

@Test
public void testWithBoundService() {
    IBinder binder = mServiceRule.bindService(
        new Intent(InstrumentationRegistry.getTargetContext(), MyService.class));
    MyService service = ((MyService.LocalBinder) binder).getService();
    assertTrue("True wasn't returned", service.doSomethingToReturnTrue());
}

Summary

Public constructors
`ServiceTestRule()` Creates a `ServiceTestRule` with a default timeout of 5 seconds

Protected constructors
`ServiceTestRule(long timeout, TimeUnit timeUnit)`

Public methods
`Statement`	`apply(Statement base, Description description)`
`IBinder`	`bindService(@NonNull Intent intent)` Works just like `bindService` except uses an internal `android.content.ServiceConnection` to guarantee successful bound.
`IBinder`	`bindService( @NonNull Intent intent, @NonNull ServiceConnection connection, int flags )` Binds the service under test, in the same way as if it were started by `Context.bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, flags)` with an `android.content.Intent` that identifies a service.
`void`	`startService(@NonNull Intent intent)` Starts the service under test and blocks until the service is connected, in the same way as if it were started by `Context.startService(Intent)` with an `android.content.Intent` that identifies a service.
`void`	`unbindService()` Unbinds the service under test that was previously bound by a call to `bindService` or `bindService`.
`static ServiceTestRule`	`withTimeout(long timeout, TimeUnit timeUnit)` Factory method to create a `ServiceTestRule` with a custom timeout

Protected methods
`void`	`afterService()` Override this method to do your own service specific clean up after the service is shutdown.
`void`	`beforeService()` Override this method to do your own service specific initialization before starting or binding to the service.

Public constructors

ServiceTestRule

public ServiceTestRule()

Creates a ServiceTestRule with a default timeout of 5 seconds

Protected constructors

ServiceTestRule

protected ServiceTestRule(long timeout, TimeUnit timeUnit)

Public methods

apply

public Statement apply(Statement base, Description description)

bindService

public IBinder bindService(@NonNull Intent intent)

Works just like bindService except uses an internal android.content.ServiceConnection to guarantee successful bound. The operation option flag defaults to BIND_AUTO_CREATE

Throws
`java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException`

See also
`bindService`

bindService

public IBinder bindService(
    @NonNull Intent intent,
    @NonNull ServiceConnection connection,
    int flags
)

Binds the service under test, in the same way as if it were started by Context.bindService(Intent, ServiceConnection, flags) with an android.content.Intent that identifies a service. However, it waits for onServiceConnected to be called before returning.

Parameters
`@NonNull Intent intent`	Identifies the service to connect to. The Intent may specify either an explicit component name, or a logical description (action, category, etc) to match an `android.content.IntentFilter` published by a service.
`@NonNull ServiceConnection connection`	Receives information as the service is started and stopped. This must be a valid ServiceConnection object; it must not be null.
`int flags`	Operation options for the binding. May be 0, `BIND_AUTO_CREATE`, `BIND_DEBUG_UNBIND`, `BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND`, `BIND_ABOVE_CLIENT`, `BIND_ALLOW_OOM_MANAGEMENT`, or `BIND_WAIVE_PRIORITY`.

Returns
`IBinder`	An object whose type is a subclass of IBinder, for making further calls into the service.

Throws
`java.lang.SecurityException`	if the called doesn't have permission to bind to the given service.
`java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException`	if timed out waiting for a successful connection with the service.

See also
`BIND_AUTO_CREATE`
`BIND_DEBUG_UNBIND`
`BIND_NOT_FOREGROUND`

startService

public void startService(@NonNull Intent intent)

Starts the service under test and blocks until the service is connected, in the same way as if it were started by Context.startService(Intent) with an android.content.Intent that identifies a service. If you use this method to start the service, it is automatically stopped at the end of the test run. However, it also attempts to bind to the service and waits for onServiceConnected to be called to ensure successful connection.

Note: This method only supports services that allow clients to bind to them. In other words, if your service onBind method returns null then a TimeoutException will be thrown.

Parameters
`@NonNull Intent intent`	An Intent that identifies a service, of the same form as the Intent passed to `Context.startService (Intent)`.

Throws
`java.lang.SecurityException`	if you do not have permission to bind to the given service.
`java.util.concurrent.TimeoutException`	if timed out waiting for a successful connection with the service.
`java.lang.IllegalArgumentException`	if the intent did not resolve to a service

unbindService

public void unbindService()

Unbinds the service under test that was previously bound by a call to bindService or bindService. You normally do not need to call this method since your service will automatically be stopped and unbound at the end of each test method.

withTimeout

public static ServiceTestRule withTimeout(long timeout, TimeUnit timeUnit)

Factory method to create a ServiceTestRule with a custom timeout

Parameters
`long timeout`	the amount of time to wait for a service to connect.
`TimeUnit timeUnit`	the time unit representing how the timeout parameter should be interpreted

Returns
`ServiceTestRule`	a `ServiceTestRule` with the desired timeout

Protected methods

afterService

protected void afterService()

Override this method to do your own service specific clean up after the service is shutdown. The method is called after each test method is executed including any method annotated with After and after necessary calls to stop (or unbind) the service under test were called.

beforeService

protected void beforeService()

Override this method to do your own service specific initialization before starting or binding to the service. The method is called before each test method is executed including any method annotated with Before. Do not start or bind to a service from here!