Abstract
In this chapter, we analyse the two-integrator oscillator, which has a working principle fundamentally different from that of coupled oscillators. Although being an RC-oscillator (inductorless), it is a single-loop oscillator with inherent quadrature outputs. In comparison with LC-oscillators, the phase noise of a two-integrator oscillator is worse. Yet, it has better noise performance than differential cross-coupled RC-oscillators. This oscillator has a wide tuning range. This is important, because a wide tuning range quasi-sinusoidal quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator quadrature voltage-controlled oscillator (QVCO) is a key block in fully integrated multiband and multistandard RF CMOS receivers. The analysis is focused on the amplitude and phase error as functions of the component mismatches. To minimize the impact of the mismatches on the quadrature error, the designer should increase the amplifier’s transconductances. Increasing the transconductances also reduces the phase noise, unlike what happens in LC-oscillators, which have a trade-off between phase noise and phase error. The quadrature error can be minimized, and in some cases eliminated, by adjusting the transconductances to compensate the capacitance mismatch. However, to obtain outputs in perfect quadrature we must allow some amplitude error. Also, to limit the circuit mismatches, passive components can be replaced by their MOSFET counterparts, which due to the low process variations have less relative mismatches. Furthermore, this approach allows the circuit to be trimmed.
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Casaleiro, J.C.F.d.A., Oliveira, L.A.B.G., Filanovsky, I.M. (2019). Two-Integrator Oscillator. In: Quadrature RC−Oscillators. Analog Circuits and Signal Processing. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00740-9_7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00740-9_7
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Keywords
- Quadrature Voltage-controlled Oscillator (QVCO)
- Capacitance Mismatch
- Perfect Quadrature
- Phase Noise
- Component Mismatch
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