Technology Stacks — Learning Repository
Hands-on examples and a curated reference for modern full-stack development. Explore working code by folder, then use the stack guide below to see what teams commonly choose in 2026.
tech-stack/
├── FastAPI/ # Python APIs (tutorial, Prisma integration)
├── Flask/ # Flask + SQLAlchemy + PostgreSQL examples
├── NestJS/ # Placeholder + getting-started notes
├── NextJS/ # Next.js 15 App Router (React 19, Tailwind)
├── NodeJS/ # Express server example
├── React/ # Standalone React app
├── socket.io/ # Real-time chat demo
├── sqlite3/ # SQLite examples
├── typescript/ # TypeScript basics
├── Libraries/ # Extra references (e.g. ML library list)
└── Projects/ # Larger project notes
Each folder has its own README or setup notes. Typical commands:
# Node / Next.js / React
cd NextJS/my-app # or NextJS/nextjs-dashboard, React/my-app, NodeJS
npm install
npm run dev # Next.js; use `npm start` for CRA-style React apps
# Python
cd FastAPI/tutorial # or Flask/flask_sqlalchemy_postgres
python -m venv .venv && source .venv/bin/activate
pip install -r requirements.txt
uvicorn main:app --reload # FastAPI; Flask projects use `flask run` / app.py
# TypeScript compile demo
cd typescript
npx tsc
Prefer Node 20+ and Python 3.11+ for the examples in this repo.
Modern stacks (2026 reference)
These are industry-common combinations—not every folder here implements all of them. Use them to plan what to learn next.
Full-stack (TypeScript-first)
| Stack |
Core pieces |
Good for |
| T3 |
Next.js · tRPC · Prisma · Tailwind · Auth.js |
End-to-end type safety, SaaS products |
| Next.js full-stack |
App Router · Server Actions · Drizzle or Prisma · Postgres · deploy on Vercel |
Content sites, dashboards, B2B apps |
| PERN+ |
Postgres · Express or Hono · React · optional TanStack Query |
APIs you want to keep separate from the UI |
| Tool |
Notes |
| React 19 + Next.js 15 |
Default for new web apps; App Router, RSC, Turbopack (next dev --turbopack) |
| Vue 3 + Nuxt |
Progressive apps, strong DX in Vue ecosystem |
| SvelteKit / Astro |
Lean bundles; Astro for content-heavy sites |
| Tailwind CSS v4 |
Utility-first styling (used in NextJS/ examples) |
| shadcn/ui |
Copy-paste components on Radix + Tailwind |
| Tool |
Notes |
| FastAPI |
Async Python APIs, OpenAPI docs — see FastAPI/ |
| NestJS |
Structured Node backends (see NestJS/README.md) |
| Flask |
Lightweight Python — see Flask/ |
| Hono / Elysia |
Fast edge-friendly APIs on Bun or Node |
| REST + OpenAPI |
Still the default for public and mobile clients |
Auth, security & reliability
| Goal |
Common approach |
| Authentication |
Auth.js (NextAuth v5), Clerk, Better Auth |
| Authorization |
RBAC, route guards, tRPC protectedProcedure |
| Validation |
Zod on client and server |
| Rate limiting |
Edge middleware, Upstash Redis |
| Secrets |
.env locally; platform secrets in production (never commit keys) |
Real-time & mobile (when you need them)
| Tool |
Notes |
| Socket.IO |
WebSockets with fallbacks — see socket.io/ |
| React Native + Expo |
Cross-platform mobile with shared React skills |
| Flutter |
Single codebase, strong UI performance |
| Approach |
Examples |
| Containers |
Docker — used in several Flask/ and FastAPI/ projects |
| Frontend / full-stack hosting |
Vercel, Netlify, Cloudflare Pages |
| Backend / DB hosting |
Fly.io, Railway, Render, managed Postgres |
| Orchestration |
Kubernetes when you outgrow PaaS |
| Layer |
Examples |
| Models |
OpenAI, Anthropic, Google Gemini, local via Ollama |
| Orchestration |
Vercel AI SDK, LangChain |
| Patterns |
RAG over your Postgres/pgvector store, tool-calling agents, streaming UI |
| Path |
Description |
FastAPI/tutorial/ |
FastAPI + SQLAlchemy + Alembic + Docker |
FastAPI/prisma_project/ |
FastAPI with Prisma schema |
Flask/flask_sqlalchemy_postgres/ |
Flask, SQLAlchemy, Postgres, migrations |
Flask/froshims/ |
Multi-page Flask sample |
Flask/hello/ |
Minimal Flask app |
| Path |
Description |
NextJS/my-app/ |
Next.js 15, React 19, App Router, Tailwind |
NextJS/nextjs-dashboard/ |
Dashboard-style Next.js app |
React/my-app/ |
Create React App style example |
NodeJS/ |
Express server |
socket.io/ |
Real-time chat |
typescript/ |
TS compile demo |
| Path |
Description |
sqlite3/ |
SQLite demos |
Libraries/machine-learning/libraries.txt |
ML library index |
NestJS/ |
Getting started (add projects here) |
Projects/ |
Notes for larger builds |
- Fundamentals — HTTP, REST, Git, one language (TypeScript or Python).
- One vertical slice — e.g.
NextJS/my-app or FastAPI/tutorial end to end.
- Data layer — Postgres + an ORM (Prisma/Drizzle or SQLAlchemy).
- Production basics — Docker, env secrets, auth, and a single deployment target.
- Go wider — real-time (
socket.io/), mobile, or AI features as your project needs them.
Add examples, fix docs, or suggest stacks you are learning. Keep each example runnable with a short README in its folder.
Educational use. See individual project folders for specific licenses.