VCF-RDFizer is a Docker-first CLI wrapper for:

1. VCF -> RDF (N-Triples) with RMLStreamer
2. Optional RDF compression/decompression

The VCF-RDFizer vocabulary is available at https://w3id.org/vcf-rdfizer/vocab#.

• Python 3.10+
• Docker (installed and running)

Install options:

pip install vcf-rdfizer

or

pipx install vcf-rdfizer

or

conda install -c conda-forge vcf-rdfizer

or pull the prebuilt Docker image directly:

docker pull ecrum19/vcf-rdfizer:latest

--out is required for all modes.

This is the run output root directory. VCF-RDFizer places:

• final RDF/compression outputs
• run metrics/logs
• hidden intermediates

inside this directory.

• full: VCF -> TSV -> RDF -> compression
• tsv: VCF -> TSV only (benchmarking)
• compress: compress an existing .nt
• decompress: decompress .nt.gz, .nt.br, or .hdt

In full mode with multiple VCF inputs, failures are isolated per input:

• the run continues with remaining files
• failed inputs are summarized in run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/failed_inputs.csv

• -m, --mode {full,compress,decompress,tsv}
• -o, --out required output root directory
• -c, --compression methods: gzip,brotli,hdt,hdt_gzip,hdt_brotli,none
• -I, --image Docker image repo (default ecrum19/vcf-rdfizer)
• -v, --image-version Docker tag/version
• -b, --build force Docker build
• -B, --no-build fail if image not found
• -h, --help show full usage

• -i, --input required VCF file or directory
• -r, --rules mapping rules file (.ttl)
  • default: rules/default_rules.ttl
• -l, --rdf-layout {aggregate,batch} required in full mode
• -P, --spark-partitions optional Spark partition hint (positive integer)
  • low-cost way to reduce output part count by setting spark.default.parallelism and spark.sql.shuffle.partitions
• -k, --keep-tsv keep hidden TSV intermediates
• -R, --keep-rdf keep raw .nt after compression
• -e, --estimate-size preflight size estimate

• -i, --input required VCF file or directory
• Outputs per-run benchmark summary in run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/tsv_metrics.csv
• Raw TSV timing + artifact JSON per input in run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/raw_metrics/tsv_*

• -q, --rdf, --nt required input .nt file

• -C, --compressed-input required .nt.gz, .nt.br, or .hdt
• -d, --decompress-out optional explicit output .nt path (must be inside --out)

Show help:

vcf-rdfizer --help

Full pipeline (aggregate RDF):

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode full \
  --input ./vcf_files \
  --rdf-layout aggregate \
  --out ./results

Full pipeline (batch RDF parts):

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode full \
  --input ./vcf_files \
  --rdf-layout batch \
  --compression hdt \
  --out ./results

Full pipeline with low-cost partition cap (helps avoid too many tiny batch files):

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode full \
  --input ./vcf_files \
  --rdf-layout batch \
  --spark-partitions 8 \
  --compression hdt \
  --out ./results

Full pipeline with custom rules + keep RDF:

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode full \
  --input ./vcf_files \
  --rules ./rules/my_rules.ttl \
  --rdf-layout aggregate \
  --compression hdt,brotli \
  --keep-rdf \
  --out ./results

TSV-only benchmark:

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode tsv \
  --input ./vcf_files \
  --out ./results

Compression-only:

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode compress \
  --rdf ./results/sample/sample.nt \
  --compression hdt_gzip \
  --out ./results

Decompression-only:

vcf-rdfizer \
  --mode decompress \
  --compressed-input ./results/sample/sample.hdt \
  --out ./results

Given --out ./results:

• final outputs:
  • ./results/<sample>/...
• per-run metrics/logs:
  • ./results/run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/...
• hidden intermediates:
  • ./results/.intermediate/tsv/

Intermediates are hidden by default. Raw .nt files are removed after compression unless --keep-rdf is provided.

For each run, VCF-RDFizer writes:

• run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/metrics.csv
• run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/wrapper_execution_times.csv
• run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/progress.log

Compression metrics now include per-method:

• wall_seconds_*
• user_seconds_*
• sys_seconds_*
• max_rss_kb_*

• default rules file: rules/default_rules.ttl
• rules guide: rules/README.md

If Docker permission issues occur, rerun with a Docker-allowed user (or configure Docker group/sudo access on your system).

If HDT compression fails on very large .nt files, use batch layout and/or non-HDT compression methods.

Safe termination:

• Press Ctrl+C to interrupt a run.
• The wrapper exits with code 130, writes progress to run_metrics/<RUN_ID>/progress.log, and performs best-effort cleanup of tracked intermediates.
• Raw RDF cleanup on interrupt follows --keep-rdf:
  • with --keep-rdf, raw .nt files are preserved
  • without --keep-rdf, tracked raw .nt files are removed during interrupt cleanup

If you use VCF-RDFizer in a publication, please cite:

VCF-RDFizer maintainers. (2026). VCF-RDFizer (Version 1.2.3) [Computer software]. GitHub. https://github.com/ecrum19/VCF-RDFizer

BibTeX:

@software{vcf_rdfizer_2026,
  author  = {{VCF-RDFizer maintainers}},
  title   = {VCF-RDFizer},
  year    = {2026},
  version = {1.2.3},
  url     = {https://github.com/ecrum19/VCF-RDFizer},
  note    = {Computer software}
}

You can also use the machine-readable citation file: CITATION.cff.

Contributions are welcome. If you want to improve VCF-RDFizer:

• Open an issue first for bug reports, feature requests, or design changes.
• Fork the repo and create a feature branch from main.
• Keep changes focused and include/update tests for behavior changes.
• Run the unit tests locally before opening a PR:

python3 -m unittest discover -s test -p "test_*_unit.py" -q

• In your PR, include what changed, why it changed, and how you validated it.
• Use clear commit messages (for Docker publish control, include [publish-docker] only when intended).

• Project license: LICENSE (MIT)
• Third-party runtime notices: THIRD_PARTY_NOTICES.md