ipython
IPython provides a rich architecture for interactive computing.
Project Source: https://github.com/ipython/ipython
Project Homepage: http://ipython.org/

nupic
NuPIC is a library that provides the building blocks for online prediction and anomaly detection systems.
Project Source: https://github.com/numenta/nupic
Project Homepage: http://numenta.org/

sympy
A Python library for symbolic mathematics.
Project Source: https://github.com/sympy/sympy
Project Homepage: http://sympy.org/en/index.html

scipy
SciPy is open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering.
Project Source: https://github.com/scipy/scipy
Project Homepage: http://scipy.org/

SimpleCV
SimpleCV is a framework for Open Source Machine Vision, using OpenCV and the Python programming language.
Project Source: https://github.com/sightmachine/SimpleCV
Project Homepage: http://simplecv.org/

hebel
Hebel is a library for deep learning with neural networks in Python using GPU acceleration with CUDA through PyCUDA.
Project Source: https://github.com/hannes-brt/hebel
Project Documentation: http://hebel.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

networkx
NetworkX is a Python package for the creation, manipulation, and study of the structure, dynamics, and functions of complex networks.
Project Source: https://github.com/networkx/networkx
Project Homepage: http://networkx.github.io/

pybrain
The Python Machine Learning Library.
Project Source: https://github.com/pybrain/pybrain

ramp
Rapid Machine Learning Prototyping in Python.
Project Source: https://github.com/kvh/ramp
Project Documentation: http://ramp.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

DeepLearningTutorials
Deep Learning Tutorial notes and code.
project Source: https://github.com/lisa-lab/DeepLearningTutorials
Project Documentation: http://deeplearning.net/tutorial/

pylearn2
Pylearn2 is a library designed to make machine learning research easy.
Project Source: https://github.com/lisa-lab/pylearn2
Project Documentation: http://deeplearning.net/software/pylearn2/

blaze
Blaze is NumPy and Pandas for Big Data.
Project Source: https://github.com/ContinuumIO/blaze
Project Homepage: http://blaze.pydata.org/

pymc
PyMC is a python module for Bayesian statistical modeling and model fitting which focuses on advanced Markov chain Monte Carlo fitting algorithms.
Project Source: https://github.com/pymc-devs/pymc/tree/master
Project Documentation: http://pymc-devs.github.io/pymc/

nltk
NLTK is a suite of open source Python modules, data sets and tutorials supporting research and development in Natural Language Processing.
Project Source: https://github.com/nltk/nltk
Project Homepage: http://www.nltk.org/

TextBlob
TextBlob is a Python library for processing textual data. It provides a simple API for diving into common natural language processing (NLP) tasks such as part-of-speech tagging, noun phrase extraction, sentiment analysis, classification, translation, and more.
Project Source: https://github.com/sloria/TextBlob
Project Homepage: http://textblob.readthedocs.org/en/dev/

statsmodels
Statsmodels is a Python package that provides a complement to scipy for statistical computations including descriptive statistics and estimation and inference for statistical models.
Project Source: https://github.com/statsmodels/statsmodels
Project Documentation: http://statsmodels.sourceforge.net/devel/

pycrypto
The Python Cryptography Toolkit.
Project Source: https://github.com/dlitz/pycrypto
Project Homepage: https://www.dlitz.net/software/pycrypto/

biopython
The Biopython Project is an international association of developers of freely available Python tools for computational molecular biology.
Project Source: https://github.com/biopython/biopython
Project Homepage: http://biopython.org/wiki/Main_Page

simpleai
simple artificial intelligence utilities.
Project Source: https://github.com/simpleai-team/simpleai

emcee
The Python ensemble sampling toolkit for affine-invariant MCMC.
Project Source: https://github.com/dfm/emcee
Project Homepage: http://dan.iel.fm/emcee/current/

simmetrica
Lightweight framework for collecting and aggregating event metrics as timeseries data.
Project Source: https://github.com/o/simmetrica

dedupe
dedupe is a python library that uses machine learning to perform de-duplication and entity resolution quickly on structured data.
Project Source: https://github.com/datamade/dedupe

bayesian-belief-networks
Pythonic Bayesian Belief Network Package, supporting creation of and exact inference on Bayesian Belief Networks specified as pure python functions.
Project Source: https://github.com/eBay/bayesian-belief-networks