PowerShell · KirtiRamchandani · Jun 1, 2026 · Jun 4, 2026 · Jun 17, 2026 · Jun 22, 2026
@@ -290,6 +290,7 @@ The follow table represents the test coverage of the PowerShell Core Cmdlets in
 |Select-String|delivered|delivered|yes|
 |ConvertFrom-StringData|delivered|delivered|yes|
 |Format-Table|delivered|delivered|yes|
+|New-TemporaryDirectory|delivered|delivered|yes|
 |New-TemporaryFile|delivered|delivered|yes|
 |New-TimeSpan|delivered|delivered|yes|
 |Get-TimeZone||delivered|yes|

@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+// Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+// Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+using System.IO;
+using System.Management.Automation;
+
+namespace Microsoft.PowerShell.Commands
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The implementation of the "New-TemporaryDirectory" cmdlet.
+    /// </summary>
+    [Cmdlet(VerbsCommon.New, "TemporaryDirectory", SupportsShouldProcess = true, ConfirmImpact = ConfirmImpact.Low, HelpUri = "https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=2097032")]
+    [OutputType(typeof(System.IO.DirectoryInfo))]
+    public class NewTemporaryDirectoryCommand : Cmdlet
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets or sets an optional prefix for the temporary directory name.
+        /// </summary>
+        [Parameter]
+        [ValidateNotNullOrEmpty]
+        public string Prefix { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Returns a temporary directory.
+        /// </summary>
+        protected override void EndProcessing()
+        {
+            string tempPath = Path.GetTempPath();
+
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Prefix))
+            {
+                DirectoryInfo prefixedTargetDirectory = GetTemporaryDirectoryWithPrefix(tempPath, Prefix);
+                if (ShouldProcess(prefixedTargetDirectory.FullName))
+                {
+                    try
+                    {
+                        DirectoryInfo createdDirectory = CreateTemporaryDirectory(prefixedTargetDirectory.FullName);
+                        WriteObject(createdDirectory);
+                    }
+                    catch (IOException ioException)
+                    {
+                        ThrowTerminatingError(
+                            CreateErrorRecord(
+                                ioException,
+                                ErrorCategory.WriteError,
+                                prefixedTargetDirectory.FullName));
+                    }
+                    catch (System.UnauthorizedAccessException unauthorizedAccessException)
+                    {
+                        ThrowTerminatingError(
+                            CreateErrorRecord(
+                                unauthorizedAccessException,
+                                ErrorCategory.PermissionDenied,
+                                prefixedTargetDirectory.FullName));
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            DirectoryInfo targetDirectory = PathUtils.GetTemporaryDirectory();
+            if (ShouldProcess(targetDirectory.FullName))
+            {
+                try
+                {
+                    DirectoryInfo createdDirectory = Directory.CreateDirectory(targetDirectory.FullName);
+                    WriteObject(createdDirectory);
+                }
+                catch (IOException ioException)
+                {
+                    ThrowTerminatingError(
+                        CreateErrorRecord(
+                            ioException,
+                            ErrorCategory.WriteError,
+                            targetDirectory.FullName));
+                }
+                catch (System.UnauthorizedAccessException unauthorizedAccessException)
+                {
+                    ThrowTerminatingError(
+                        CreateErrorRecord(
+                            unauthorizedAccessException,
+                            ErrorCategory.PermissionDenied,
+                            targetDirectory.FullName));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static DirectoryInfo GetTemporaryDirectoryWithPrefix(string tempPath, string prefix)
+        {
+            if (prefix.Contains(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar) || prefix.Contains(Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar))
+            {
+                throw new System.ArgumentException(
+                    "The prefix cannot contain directory separator characters.",
+                    nameof(prefix));
+            }
+
+            DirectoryInfo temporaryDirectory = new(tempPath);
+            while (true)
+            {
+                DirectoryInfo targetDirectory = new(
+                    Path.Combine(
+                        temporaryDirectory.FullName,
+                        prefix + Path.GetRandomFileName()));
+
+                if (!targetDirectory.Exists)
+                {
+                    return targetDirectory;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static DirectoryInfo CreateTemporaryDirectory(string path)
+        {
+            if (System.OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
+            {
+                return Directory.CreateDirectory(path);
+            }
+
+            return Directory.CreateDirectory(
+                path,
+                UnixFileMode.UserRead | UnixFileMode.UserWrite | UnixFileMode.UserExecute);
+        }
+
+        private static ErrorRecord CreateErrorRecord(System.Exception exception, ErrorCategory category, string targetPath)
+        {
+            return new ErrorRecord(
+                exception,
+                "NewTemporaryDirectoryWriteError",
+                category,
+                targetPath);
+        }
+    }
+}
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ CmdletsToExport = @(
  'Get-PSBreakpoint', 'Remove-PSBreakpoint', 'Set-PSBreakpoint', 'Get-PSCallStack', 'Export-PSSession',
  'Import-PSSession', 'Get-Random', 'Get-SecureRandom', 'Invoke-RestMethod', 'Debug-Runspace', 'Get-Runspace',
  'Disable-RunspaceDebug', 'Enable-RunspaceDebug', 'Get-RunspaceDebug', 'Start-Sleep', 'Join-String',
-  'Out-String', 'Select-String', 'ConvertFrom-StringData', 'Format-Table', 'New-TemporaryFile', 'New-TimeSpan',
+  'Out-String', 'Select-String', 'ConvertFrom-StringData', 'Format-Table', 'New-TemporaryDirectory', 'New-TemporaryFile', 'New-TimeSpan',
  'Get-TraceSource', 'Set-TraceSource', 'Add-Type', 'Get-TypeData', 'Remove-TypeData', 'Update-TypeData',
  'Get-UICulture', 'Get-Unique', 'Get-Uptime', 'Clear-Variable', 'Get-Variable', 'New-Variable',
  'Remove-Variable', 'Set-Variable', 'Get-Verb', 'Write-Verbose', 'Write-Warning', 'Invoke-WebRequest',

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ CmdletsToExport = @(
  'Remove-PSBreakpoint', 'Set-PSBreakpoint', 'Get-PSCallStack', 'Export-PSSession', 'Import-PSSession', 'Get-Random', 'Get-SecureRandom'
  'Invoke-RestMethod', 'Debug-Runspace', 'Get-Runspace', 'Disable-RunspaceDebug', 'Enable-RunspaceDebug',
  'Get-RunspaceDebug', 'ConvertFrom-SddlString', 'Start-Sleep', 'Join-String', 'Out-String', 'Select-String',
-  'ConvertFrom-StringData', 'Format-Table', 'New-TemporaryFile', 'New-TimeSpan', 'Get-TraceSource', 'Set-TraceSource',
+  'ConvertFrom-StringData', 'Format-Table', 'New-TemporaryDirectory', 'New-TemporaryFile', 'New-TimeSpan', 'Get-TraceSource', 'Set-TraceSource',
  'Add-Type', 'Get-TypeData', 'Remove-TypeData', 'Update-TypeData', 'Get-UICulture', 'Get-Unique', 'Get-Uptime',
  'Clear-Variable', 'Get-Variable', 'New-Variable', 'Remove-Variable', 'Set-Variable', 'Get-Verb', 'Write-Verbose',
  'Write-Warning', 'Invoke-WebRequest', 'Format-Wide', 'ConvertTo-Xml', 'Select-Xml', 'Get-Error', 'Update-List',

@@ -691,6 +691,13 @@ internal static DirectoryInfo CreateModuleDirectory(PSCmdlet cmdlet, string modu
        }

        internal static DirectoryInfo CreateTemporaryDirectory()
+        {
+            DirectoryInfo moduleDirectory = GetTemporaryDirectory();
+            Directory.CreateDirectory(moduleDirectory.FullName);
+            return new DirectoryInfo(moduleDirectory.FullName);
+        }
+
+        internal static DirectoryInfo GetTemporaryDirectory()
        {
            DirectoryInfo temporaryDirectory = new DirectoryInfo(Path.GetTempPath());
            DirectoryInfo moduleDirectory;
@@ -705,8 +712,7 @@ internal static DirectoryInfo CreateTemporaryDirectory()
                            Path.GetRandomFileName())));
            } while (moduleDirectory.Exists);

-            Directory.CreateDirectory(moduleDirectory.FullName);
-            return new DirectoryInfo(moduleDirectory.FullName);
+            return moduleDirectory;
        }

        internal static bool TryDeleteFile(string filepath)

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
+# Licensed under the MIT License.
+
+Describe "New-TemporaryDirectory" -Tags "CI" {
+    BeforeEach {
+        $tempDirectory = $null
+    }
+
+    AfterEach {
+        if ($tempDirectory -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath $tempDirectory.FullName)) {
+            Remove-Item -LiteralPath $tempDirectory.FullName -Force -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+        }
+    }
+
+    It "creates a new temporary directory" {
+        $tempDirectory = New-TemporaryDirectory
+
+        $tempDirectory | Should -Exist
+        $tempDirectory | Should -BeOfType System.IO.DirectoryInfo
+        $tempDirectory.FullName | Should -BeLikeExactly "$([System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath())*"
+        (Get-Item -LiteralPath $tempDirectory.FullName).PSIsContainer | Should -BeTrue
+    }
+
+    It "creates unique temporary directories" {
+        $tempDirectory = New-TemporaryDirectory
+        $secondTempDirectory = New-TemporaryDirectory
+
+        try {
+            $secondTempDirectory.FullName | Should -Not -BeExactly $tempDirectory.FullName
+            $secondTempDirectory | Should -Exist
+            $secondTempDirectory | Should -BeOfType System.IO.DirectoryInfo
+        }
+        finally {
+            if ($secondTempDirectory -and (Test-Path -LiteralPath $secondTempDirectory.FullName)) {
+                Remove-Item -LiteralPath $secondTempDirectory.FullName -Force -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    It "with WhatIf does not create a directory" {
+        New-TemporaryDirectory -WhatIf | Should -BeNullOrEmpty
+    }
+
+    It "with WhatIf and Prefix does not create a directory" {
+        New-TemporaryDirectory -Prefix "Test_" -WhatIf | Should -BeNullOrEmpty
+    }
+
+    It "has an OutputType of System.IO.DirectoryInfo" {
+        (Get-Command New-TemporaryDirectory).OutputType.Name | Should -Contain "System.IO.DirectoryInfo"
+    }
+
+    It "creates a directory with custom prefix" {
+        $prefix = "MyApp"
+        $tempDirectory = New-TemporaryDirectory -Prefix $prefix
+
+        $tempDirectory | Should -Exist
+        $tempDirectory | Should -BeOfType System.IO.DirectoryInfo
+        $tempDirectory.Name | Should -BeLike "$prefix*"
+    }
+}
@@ -401,6 +401,7 @@ Describe "Verify aliases and cmdlets" -Tags "CI" {
 "Cmdlet",       "New-PSSessionOption",              "",                                 $($FullCLR -or $CoreWindows -or $CoreUnix),     "",                     "",                     "None"
 "Cmdlet",       "New-PSTransportOption",            "",                                 $($FullCLR -or $CoreWindows -or $CoreUnix),     "",                     "",                     "None"
 "Cmdlet",       "New-Service",                      "",                                 $($FullCLR -or $CoreWindows              ),     "",                     "",                     "Medium"
+"Cmdlet",       "New-TemporaryDirectory",           "",                                 $(             $CoreWindows -or $CoreUnix),     "",                     "",                     "Low"
 "Cmdlet",       "New-TemporaryFile",                "",                                 $(             $CoreWindows -or $CoreUnix),     "",                     "",                     "Low"
 "Cmdlet",       "New-TimeSpan",                     "",                                 $($FullCLR -or $CoreWindows -or $CoreUnix),     "",                     "",                     "None"
 "Cmdlet",       "New-Variable",                     "",                                 $($FullCLR -or $CoreWindows -or $CoreUnix),     "",                     "",                     "Low"