#Requires -Version 7

Write-Host "Starting job`n"

$dict = [System.Collections.Concurrent.ConcurrentDictionary[string, System.Lazy[string]]]::new()

$job = 1..16 | ForEach-Object -AsJob -ThrottleLimit 16 -Parallel {
    $threadNum = $_
    $dict = $using:dict

    class Dead {
        # This method should be thread safe(?)
        static [void] Lock() {
        }
    }

    [System.Console]::WriteLine("Starting thread #$threadNum")

    $lazy = $dict.GetOrAdd("same key", [System.Lazy[string]]::new(
        {
            # Calling this method causes the script to hang, even though it should(?) be thread safe
            [Dead]::Lock()

            $okToCall = [System.Convert]::ToString(132456, 2)
            return ""
        },
        [System.Threading.LazyThreadSafetyMode]::ExecutionAndPublication))

    [void]$lazy.Value

    [System.Console]::WriteLine("Completed thread #$threadNum")
}
try {
    while (!$job.Finished.WaitOne(1000)) {
        Write-Host "$(Get-Date): Waiting"
    }
    $job | Receive-Job

    Write-Host "`nFinished job`n"
} finally {
    $job | Stop-Job
}

Name                           Value
----                           -----
PSVersion                      7.2.6
PSEdition                      Core
GitCommitId                    7.2.6
OS                             Microsoft Windows 10.0.22621
Platform                       Win32NT
PSCompatibleVersions           {1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0…}
PSRemotingProtocolVersion      2.3
SerializationVersion           1.1.0.1
WSManStackVersion              3.0