viva

See also: ViVa and vivá

English

Pronunciation

Interjection

• enPR: vē'və, IPA^(key): /ˈviː.və/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -iːvə

Noun

• enPR: vī'və, IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪ.və/

  • Audio (Southern England):

    (file)

• Rhymes: -aɪvə

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish viva and Italian viva.

Interjection

viva!

1. Long live ... ! (used to express acclaim or support).
   • 1986 February 8, Emma Whitby, “Old Testament Claptrap?”, in Gay Community News, volume 13, number 29, page 5:

     The message has been mostly perverted from the moment of his death, but it hasn't been invalidated. So, viva Jesus of Nazareth and joy to the world!

Translations

long live ... ! — see long live

Verb

viva (third-person singular simple present vivas, present participle vivaing, simple past and past participle vivaed)

1. (ambitransitive, dated) To cheer, applaud
   • 1841, Joseph Bullar, Henry Bullar, A winter in the Azores, and a summer at the baths of the Furnas:

     ...the people clapped and vivaed, groaned and hooted, as they were pleased or disappointed, until at length the intense excitement began to subside...

   • 1859, The Atlantic Monthly:

     The next evening Paine went to the theatre. The state-box had been prepared for him. The house rose and vivaed as he entered.

   • 1857, George Payne R James, Leonora d'Orco:

     ...did you not hear how the beasts last night were cheering and vivaing those French heretics?

Noun

viva (plural vivas)

1. A shout of applause.
   • 1855, Mayne Reid, The White Chief: A Legend of Northern Mexico, page 89:

     When the cibolero returned to the plain, he was received with a fresh burst of vivas, and kerchiefs were waved to greet him.

Etymology 2

Shortened from viva voce, Latin for “live voice”

Pronunciation

• enPR: vī'və, IPA^(key): /ˈvaɪ.və/
• Rhymes: -aɪvə

Noun

viva (plural vivas)

1. An oral examination, typically for an academic qualification.

Verb

viva (third-person singular simple present vivas, present participle vivaing, simple past and past participle vivaed)

1. (transitive) To subject to an examination of this kind.
   • 1931, Henry Sanderson Furniss Sanderson, Memories of sixty years:

     I was vivaed by Charles Cannan, who was then a Fellow of Trinity...

   • 1972, The Journal of Imperial and Commonwealth History:

     Throughout his life, he took college responsibilities seriously, he came to All Souls whenever possible on weekends, he vivaed or interviewed candidates...

   • 2009, Gianni Paganini, Jose Raimundo Maia Neto, Renaissance Scepticisms:

     My doctoral thesis was vivaed three years before the publication of the revised and expanded edition of Richard H. Popkin's work...

See also

• vis viva

Asturian

Adjective

viva

1. feminine singular of vivu

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Northern, Central) [ˈbi.βə]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [ˈvi.və]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈvi.va]
• IPA^(key): (Northwestern) [ˈbi.βa]

Adjective

viva f sg

1. feminine singular of viu

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈviva/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iva
• Syllabification: vi‧va

Adjective

viva (accusative singular vivan, plural vivaj, accusative plural vivajn)

1. alive
2. (figuratively) lively
3. (music, broadcasting) live

Related terms

• vivi (“to live”)
• vivo (“life”)

Further reading

• “viva”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “viva”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Galician

Verb

viva

1. inflection of vivir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative
2. inflection of viver:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Indonesian

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Italian viva.

Interjection

viva!

1. viva:
   1. hooray!
   2. long live ... !

Further reading

• “viva”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈvi.va/
• Rhymes: -iva
• Hyphenation: vì‧va

Verb

viva

1. inflection of vivere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Adjective

viva

1. feminine singular of vivo

Interjection

viva

1. hooray!
2. long live ... !
3. three cheers for ... !

Derived terms

• evviva

Latin

Pronunciation

• vīva:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwiː.wa]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈviː.va]
• vīvā:
  • (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈwiː.waː]
  • (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈviː.va]

Adjective

vīva

1. inflection of vīvus:
   1. nominative/vocative feminine singular
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative neuter plural

Adjective

vīvā

1. ablative feminine singular of vīvus

References

• "viva", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)

Portuguese

Pronunciation

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.vɐ/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.vɐ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈvi.vɐ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈbi.bɐ/ [ˈbi.βɐ]

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Hyphenation: vi‧va

Etymology 1

Adjective

viva

1. feminine singular of vivo

Etymology 2

Verb

viva

1. inflection of viver:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative
2. inflection of vivar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Noun

viva m (plural vivas)

1. hooray (a shout to signify victory)

Interjection

viva!

1. hooray!

   Synonym: bravo

2. long live...!

   Viva o rei!

   Long live the king!

3. three cheers for ...!
4. (as a greeting) hello!, hi!

   Synonym: olá

5. bless you! (said to someone who has just sneezed, as a polite remark)

   Synonym: saúde

Further reading

• “viva”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “viva”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Romanian

Interjection

viva

1. obsolete form of vivat

References

• viva in Academia Română, Micul dicționar academic, ediția a II-a, Bucharest: Univers Enciclopedic, 2010. →ISBN

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbiba/ [ˈbi.β̞a]
• Rhymes: -iba
• Syllabification: vi‧va

Adjective

viva

1. feminine singular of vivo

Verb

viva

1. inflection of vivar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
2. inflection of vivir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Usage notes

Used as a general exclamation of honor, as in “¡Viva México!”, “¡Viva España!” Usually rendered as “long live”, even when not being used of a person. Used similarly to the informal English yay, go. Cognate to French vive (and Italian and Portuguese viva), of identical usage. See the following examples.

• ¡Viva México! ― Long live Mexico!
• ¡Viva España! ― Long live Spain!
• ¡Viva el Rey! ― Long live the King!
• ¡Viva la Vida! ― Long live the Life!
• ¡Vivan los novios! ― Long live the bride and groom / Here's to the happy couple / Health to the bride and groom!

Quotations

“¡Viva México!”, Grito de Dolores 2008

• Grito de Dolores – traditional independence day cry

  ¡Vivan los heroes que nos dieron patria! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva Hidalgo! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva Morelos! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva Josefa Ortiz de Dominguez! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva Allende! ¡Viva!

  ¡Vivan Aldama y Matamoros! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva nuestra independencia! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva México! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva México! ¡Viva!

  ¡Viva México! ¡Viva!

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “long live”): abajo

Further reading

• “viva”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010
• viva | Diccionario • DELE Ahora

Xhosa

Verb

-viva^?

1. (transitive) to cut up

Inflection

This verb needs an inflection-table template.