¹ So far, there are only four truly comparative studies of the contemporary radicalright: Betz, Hans-Georg, Radical Right-wing Populism in Western Europe, New York, St Martin’s Press, 1994;CrossRefGoogle Scholar Ignazi, Piero, L’estrema destra in Europa, Bologna, Mulino, 1994;Google Scholar Kitschelt, Herbert, The Radical Right in Western Europe. A Comparative Analysis, Ann Arbor, University of Michigan Press, 1995;Google Scholar and Minkenberg, Michael, Die neue radikale Rechte im Vergleich, USA, Frankreich, Deutschland, Opladen/Wiesbaden, Westdeutscher Verlag, 1998.CrossRefGoogle Scholar Needless to say, the number of scholarly essays and edited volumes with a comparative approach has significantly increased over the last ten years.

² The argumentation is based on my own study, see Minkenberg, op. cit.

³ Falter, Jürgen and Schumann, Siegfried, ‘Affinity towards Right-wing Extremism in Europe’, in Beyme, Klaus von (ed.), Right-wing Extremism in Western Europe, London, Frank Cass, 1988, pp. 96–110.Google Scholar

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⁸ See Rucht, Dieter, Modernisierung und neue soziale Bewegungen, Frankfurt and New York, Campus, 1994.Google Scholar

⁹ The term ‘ethnocracy’ is borrowed from Roger Griffin (personal communication).

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¹⁷ Kitschelt, op. cit., p. 52.

¹⁸ Quoted in Lowi, Theodore, The End of the Republican Era, Oklahoma, University of Oklahoma, 1995, p. 211.Google Scholar

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