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                                                    Converting AMS Data to Radiocarbon Values: Considerations and Conventions

                                                    Published online by Cambridge University Press:  18 July 2016


                                                    A P McNichol
                                                    Affiliation:
                                                    NOSAMS, Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543 USA. Email: amcnichol@whoi.edu.
                                                    A J T Jull
                                                    Affiliation:
                                                    NSF Arizona AMS Facility, Physics Building, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA
                                                    G S Burr
                                                    Affiliation:
                                                    NSF Arizona AMS Facility, Physics Building, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721 USA

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                                                    Abstract

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                                                    We summarize the basic operation of accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) systems used to measure radiocarbon and discuss the calculations used to convert AMS output to 14C data.


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                                                    II. Getting More from the Data
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                                                    Copyright © The Arizona Board of Regents on behalf of the University of Arizona 

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                                                    2002. Current literature in mass spectrometry. Journal of Mass Spectrometry, Vol. 37, Issue. 7, p. 765.

                                                    Jull, A.J.T. Burr, G.S. Beck, J.W. Donahue, D.J. Biddulph, D. Hatheway, A.L. Lange, T.E. and McHargue, L.R. 2003. Accelerator mass spectrometry at Arizona: geochronology of the climate record and connections with the ocean. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, Vol. 69, Issue. 1-2, p. 3.

                                                    Smittenberg, R. H. Hopmans, E. C. Schouten, S. Hayes, J. M. Eglinton, T. I. and Sinninghe Damsté, J. S. 2004. Compound‐specific radiocarbon dating of the varved Holocene sedimentary record of Saanich Inlet, Canada. Paleoceanography, Vol. 19, Issue. 2,

                                                    Bard, Edouard Ménot-Combes, Guillemette and Rostek, Frauke 2004. Present Status of Radiocarbon Calibration and Comparison Records Based on Polynesian Corals and Iberian Margin Sediments. Radiocarbon, Vol. 46, Issue. 3, p. 1189.

                                                    Tumey, S.J Grabowski, K.S Knies, D.L and Mignerey, A.C 2004. Radiocarbon data collection, filtering and analysis at the NRL TEAMS facility. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms, Vol. 223-224, Issue. , p. 216.

                                                    Choi, Yonghoon and Wang, Yang 2004. Dynamics of carbon sequestration in a coastal wetland using radiocarbon measurements. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, Vol. 18, Issue. 4,

                                                    Bard, Edouard Rostek, Frauke and Ménot-Combes, Guillemette 2004. Radiocarbon calibration beyond 20,000 14C yr B.P. by means of planktonic foraminifera of the Iberian Margin. Quaternary Research, Vol. 61, Issue. 2, p. 204.

                                                    Mollenhauer, Gesine Montluçon, Daniel and Eglinton, Timothy I 2005. Radiocarbon Dating of Alkenones from Marine Sediments: II. Assessment of Carbon Process Blanks. Radiocarbon, Vol. 47, Issue. 3, p. 413.

                                                    Basile‐Doelsch, I. Amundson, R. Stone, W. E. E. Masiello, C. A. Bottero, J. Y. Colin, F. Masin, F. Borschneck, D. and Meunier, J. D. 2005. Mineralogical control of organic carbon dynamics in a volcanic ash soil on La Réunion. European Journal of Soil Science, Vol. 56, Issue. 6, p. 689.

                                                    Timothy Jull, A.J. Burr, George S. Warren Beck, J. Hodgins, Gregory W.L. Biddulph, Dana L. Gann, John Hatheway, Arthur L. Lange, Todd E. and Lifton, Nathaniel A. 2006. Radionuclides in the Environment - Int. Conf. On Isotopes in Env. Studies. Vol. 8, Issue. , p. 3.

                                                    Jull, A.J.T. and Burr, G.S. 2006. Accelerator mass spectrometry: Is the future bigger or smaller?. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 243, Issue. 3-4, p. 305.

                                                    Jull, A.J.T. 2007. Encyclopedia of Quaternary Science. p. 2911.

                                                    Ke, Lin Ding, Xiang Tanner, Roger L. Schauer, James J. and Zheng, Mei 2007. Source contributions to carbonaceous aerosols in the Tennessee Valley Region. Atmospheric Environment, Vol. 41, Issue. 39, p. 8898.

                                                    McNichol, Ann P. and Aluwihare, Lihini I. 2007. The Power of Radiocarbon in Biogeochemical Studies of the Marine Carbon Cycle:  Insights from Studies of Dissolved and Particulate Organic Carbon (DOC and POC). Chemical Reviews, Vol. 107, Issue. 2, p. 443.

                                                    Olsen, Jesper Heinemeier, Jan Bahner, Klaus Graney, Barry and Phillips, Andy 2007. Integrating Continuous-Flow Mass Spectrometry and Automatic CO2 Collection for AMS. Radiocarbon, Vol. 49, Issue. 2, p. 233.

                                                    Povinec, P. Betti, M. Jull, A. and Vojtyla, P. 2008. New isotope technologies in environmental physics. Acta Physica Slovaca. Reviews and Tutorials, Vol. 58, Issue. 1, p. 1.

                                                    Uchikawa, Joji Popp, Brian N. Schoonmaker, Jane E. and Xu, Li 2008. Direct application of compound-specific radiocarbon analysis of leaf waxes to establish lacustrine sediment chronology. Journal of Paleolimnology, Vol. 39, Issue. 1, p. 43.

                                                    Jull, A.J. Timothy Burr, George S. Beck, J. Warren Hodgins, Gregory W.L. Biddulph, Dana L. McHargue, Lanny R. and Lange, Todd E. 2008. Analysis of Environmental Radionuclides. Vol. 11, Issue. , p. 241.

                                                    Zoppi, Ugo 2010. Radiocarbon AMS Data Analysis: From Measured Isotopic Ratios to 14C Concentrations. Radiocarbon, Vol. 52, Issue. 1, p. 165.

                                                    Wilkins, Daniel De Deckker, Patrick Fifield, L. Keith Gouramanis, Chris and Olley, Jon 2012. Comparative optical and radiocarbon dating of laminated Holocene sediments in two maar lakes: Lake Keilambete and Lake Gnotuk, south-western Victoria, Australia. Quaternary Geochronology, Vol. 9, Issue. , p. 3.

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