Chagatai (Jağatāy / جغتای)

Chagatai is an extinct Turkic language that was spoken in Central Asia, particularly in the Khorasan region. It was also spoken by the early Mughal rules of India. It was used as a shared literary language until the early 20th century.

The name Chagatai comes from the Chagatai Khanate (1225-1680s), which was established by Chagatai Khan, the second son of Genghis Khan.

Chagatai is a member of the Karkluk branch of Turkic languages and contains many loanwords from Arabic and Persian. It descended from Old Turkic, and its written form was based on Karakhanid and Khorezmian, two Middle Turkic literary languages.

In Uzbekistan, which was founded as the Soviet Republic of Uzbekistan in 1924, Chagatai is officially known as 'Old Uzbek'. In China it is sometimes called 'Ancient Uyghur'. Uzbek and Uyghur are indeed closely related to Chagatai.

Chagatai alphabet and pronunciation

Arabic alphabet for Chagatai

Details of the Chagatai alphabet supplied by Michael Peter Füstumum

Download an alphabet chart for Chagatai (Excel)

Information about Chagatai | Numbers in Chagatai

Links

Information about Chagatai
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chagatai_language
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Çağatayca
http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/chaghatay-language-and-literature
https://www.britannica.com/art/Chagatai-literature
http://thediplomat.com/2016/02/the-weird-case-of-the-uzbek-language/

Turkic languages

Altay, Äynu, Azerbaijani, Baraba Tatar, Bashkir, Chagatai, Chelkan, Chulym, Chuvash, Crimean Tatar, Dolgan, Fuyu Kyrgyz, Gagauz, Ili Turki, Karachay-Balkar, Karaim, Karakalpak, Karamanli Turkish, Kazakh, Khakas, Khalaj, Khorasani Turkic, Krymchak, Kumandy, Kumyk, Kyrgyz, Lop, Nogai, Old Turkic, Qashqai, Romanian Tatar, Salar, Shor, Siberian Tatar, Soyot, Tatar, Teleut, Tofa, Turkish, Turkmen, Tuvan, Urum, Uyghur, Uzbek, Western Yugur, Yakut (Sakha)

Languages written with the Arabic script

Adamaua Fulfulde, Aer, Afrikaans, Arabic (Algerian), Arabic (Bedawi), Arabic (Chadian), Arabic (Egyptian), Arabic (Gulf), Arabic (Hassaniya), Arabic (Hejazi), Arabic (Lebanese), Arabic (Libyan), Arabic (Modern Standard), Arabic (Moroccan), Arabic (Najdi), Arabic (Sudanese), Arabic (Syrian), Arabic (Tunisian), Arwi, Äynu, Azeri, Balanta-Ganja, Balti, Baluchi, Beja, Belarusian, Bosnian, Brahui, Chagatai, Chechen, Chittagonian, Comorian, Crimean Tatar, Dameli, Dargwa, Dari, Dhatki, Dogri, Domari, Gawar Bati, Gawri, Gilaki, Hausa, Hazaragi, Hindko, Humburi Senni, Indus Kohistani, Kabyle, Kalkoti, Karachay-Balkar, Karakalpak, Kashmiri, Katë, Kazakh, Khowar, Khorasani Turkic, Khwarezmian, Konkani, Koyraboro Senni, Kumzari, Kurdish, Kyrgyz, Lezgi, Lop, Luri, Maasina Fulfulde, Maba, Maguindanao, Malay, Malay (Terengganu), Mandinka, Marwari, Mazandarani, Mogholi, Morisco, Mozarabic, Munji, Noakhailla, Nubi, Ormuri, Palula, Parkari Koli, Pashto, Persian/Farsi, Punjabi, Qashqai, Rajasthani, Rohingya, Salar, Saraiki, Sawi, Serer, Shabaki, Shina, Shughni, Sindhi, Somali, Soninke, Tatar, Tausūg, Tawallammat Tamajaq, Tayart Tamajeq, Ternate, Torwali, Turkish, Urdu, Ushoji, Uyghur, Uzbek, Wakhi, Wanetsi, Wolof, Xiao'erjing, Yidgha

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