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Title:
The Qualitative Nature of the Primary Immune Response to HIV Infection is a Prognosticator of Disease Progression Independent of the Initial Level of Plasma Viremia
Authors:
Pantaleo, Giuseppe; Demarest, James F.; Schacker, Timothy; Vaccarezza, Mauro; Cohen, Oren J.; Daucher, Marybeth; Graziosi, Cecilia; Schnittman, Steven S.; Quinn, Thomas C.; Shaw, George M.; Perrin, Luc; Tambussi, Giuseppe; Lazzarin, Adriano; Sekaly, Rafick P.; Soudeyns, Hugo; Corey, Lawrence; Fauci, Anthony S.
Affiliation:
AA(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AB(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AC(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AD(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AE(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AF(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AG(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AH(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AI(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AJ(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AK(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AL(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AM(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AN(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AO(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AP(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294), AQ(Laboratory of Immunoregulation, and Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; Virology Research Clinic, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98122; Laboratory of Virology, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva, Switzerland; Institut de Recherches Cliniques de Montreal, Montreal, Canada H2W 1R7; Institute San Raffaele, 20127 Milan, Italy; and Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine; University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294)
Publication:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Volume 94, Issue 1, 1997, pp.254-258
Publication Date:
01/1997
Origin:
JSTOR; PNAS
Bibliographic Code:
1997PNAS...94..254P

Abstract

Following infection of the host with a virus, the delicate balance between virus replication/spread and the immune response to the virus determines the outcome of infection, i.e., persistence versus elimination of the virus. It is unclear, however, what relative roles immunologic and virologic factors play during primary viral infection in determining the subsequent clinical outcome. By studying a cohort of subjects with primary HIV infection, it has been demonstrated that qualitative differences in the primary immune response to HIV, but not quantitative differences in the initial levels of viremia are associated with different clinical outcomes.
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