Transcription factor SOX-21 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOX21 gene.[1][2] It is a member of the Sox gene family of transcription factors.
Function[edit]
In the chick embryo, Sox21 promotes neuronal cellular differentiation by counteracting the activity of Sox1, Sox2, and Sox3, which maintain neural cells in an undifferentiated state.[3]
SOX21 knockout mice display hair loss beginning from postnatal day 11. New hair regrowth was initiated a few days later but was followed by renewed hair loss. Sox21 is also expressed in the hair shaft cuticle in humans and consequently variants of the Sox21 gene could be responsible for some hair loss conditions in humans.[4]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Malas S, Duthie S, Deloukas P, Episkopou V (Sep 1999). "The isolation and high-resolution chromosomal mapping of human SOX14 and SOX21; two members of the SOX gene family related to SOX1, SOX2, and SOX3". Mamm Genome 10 (9): 934–7. doi:10.1007/s003359901118. PMID 10441749.
- ^ "Entrez Gene: SOX21 SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 21".
- ^ Sandberg M, Källström M, Muhr J (August 2005). "Sox21 promotes the progression of vertebrate neurogenesis". Nat. Neurosci. 8 (8): 995–1001. doi:10.1038/nn1493. PMID 15995704.
- ^ Kiso M, Tanaka S, Saba R, Matsuda S, Shimizu A, Ohyama M, Okano HJ, Shiroishi T, Okano H, Saga Y (June 2009). "The disruption of Sox21-mediated hair shaft cuticle differentiation causes cyclic alopecia in mice". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106 (23): 9292–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.0808324106. PMC 2695080. PMID 19470461. Lay summary – Reuters UK.
Further reading[edit]
- Schepers GE, Teasdale RD, Koopman P (2002). "Twenty pairs of sox: extent, homology, and nomenclature of the mouse and human sox transcription factor gene families.". Dev. Cell 3 (2): 167–70. doi:10.1016/S1534-5807(02)00223-X. PMID 12194848.
- Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences.". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
- Hartley JL, Temple GF, Brasch MA (2001). "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination.". Genome Res. 10 (11): 1788–95. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMC 310948. PMID 11076863.
- Cremazy F, Soullier S, Berta P, Jay P (1998). "Further complexity of the human SOX gene family revealed by the combined use of highly degenerate primers and nested PCR.". FEBS Lett. 438 (3): 311–4. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(98)01294-0. PMID 9827568.
- Stevanović M, Lovell-Badge R, Collignon J, Goodfellow PN (1994). "SOX3 is an X-linked gene related to SRY.". Hum. Mol. Genet. 2 (12): 2013–8. doi:10.1093/hmg/2.12.2013. PMID 8111369.
- Denny P, Swift S, Brand N, et al. (1992). "A conserved family of genes related to the testis determining gene, SRY.". Nucleic Acids Res. 20 (11): 2887. doi:10.1093/nar/20.11.2887. PMC 336939. PMID 1614875.
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PDB gallery
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1gt0: CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF A POU/HMG/DNA TERNARY COMPLEX
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1o4x: TERNARY COMPLEX OF THE DNA BINDING DOMAINS OF THE OCT1 AND SOX2 TRANSCRIPTION FACTORS WITH A 19MER OLIGONUCLEOTIDE FROM THE HOXB1 REGULATORY ELEMENT
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(4) β-Scaffold factors with minor groove contacts
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(0) Other transcription factors
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Index of genetics
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