Mongols in China
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
 |
| Total population |
|---|
| 2-5,981,840[1][2] Buryats · Southern Mongols · Oirats (2010) |
| Regions with significant populations |
| Inner Mongolia · Qinghai · Xinjiang |
| Languages |
| Mongolian · Oirat · Buryat |
| Religion |
| Tibetan Buddhism · Mongolian shamanism · Islam |
| Related ethnic groups |
| Mongols |
Mongols in China (Chinese: 蒙古族 Ménggǔzú) are citizens of the People's Republic of China who are ethnic Mongols. They form one of the 55 ethnic minorities officially recognized by the People's Republic of China. There are approximately 5.8 million people classified as ethnic Mongols living in China. Most of them live in Inner Mongolia, Northeast China, Xinjiang, etc. The Mongol population in China is over twice that of the sovereign state of Mongolia.
Contents
Regional distribution[edit]
The Mongols in China are divided between autonomous regions and provinces as follows:
- 68.72%: Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region
- 11.52%: Liaoning Province
- 2.96%: Jilin Province
- 2.92%: Hebei Province
- 2.58%: Xinjiang Autonomous Region
- 2.43%: Heilongjiang Province
- 1.48%: Qinghai Province
- 1.41%: Henan Province
- 5.98%: Rest of China
Besides the Inner Mongolia autonomous region, there are other Mongol autonomous administrative subdivisions in China.
On prefecture level:
- Haixi Mongol and Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture
- Bayingolin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
- Bortala Mongol Autonomous Prefecture
On county level:
- Weichang Manchu and Mongol Autonomous County (Hebei)
- Harqin Left Mongol Autonomous County (Liaoning)
- Fuxin Mongol Autonomous County (Liaoning)
- Qian Gorlos Mongol Autonomous County (Jilin)
- Dorbod Mongol Autonomous County (Heilongjiang)
- Subei Mongol Autonomous County (Gansu)
- Henan Mongol Autonomous County (Qinghai)
- Hoboksar Mongol Autonomous County (Xinjiang)
Related groups[edit]
Not all groups of people related to the medieval Mongols are officially classified as Mongols under the current system. Other official ethnic groups in China which speak Mongolic languages include:
- the Dongxiang of Gansu Province
- the Monguor of Qinghai and Gansu Provinces
- the Daur of Inner Mongolia
- the Bonan of Gansu Province
- some of the Yugurs of Gansu Province (other Yugurs speak a Turkic language)
Notable people[edit]
- Ulanhu, politician
- Bayanqolu, Governor of Jilin province
- Uyunqimg, Vice-Chair of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
- Fu Ying, Vice Foreign Minister, former ambassador to the United Kingdom, Australia, and the Philippines
- Li Siguang, geologist, founder of China's geomechanics
- Siqin Gaowa, actress
- Mengke Bateer, basketball player
- Bao Xishun, one of the tallest men alive
- Tengger, a pop/rock musician
- Sengge Rinchen, Qing dynasty nobleman and general
- Buren Bayaer, singer, composer and a disc jockey
- Uudam, child singer
- Zhang Xiaoping, boxer
- Sa Dingding, singer
- Chinggeltei (1924–2013), linguist, one of the world's few experts on the Khitan language
- Jalsan, linguist and Buddhist leader
- Batdorj-in Baasanjab, actor
See also[edit]
- Demographics of China
- List of active separatist movements in Asia
- Languages of China
- List of endangered languages in China
- Southern Mongols
- Southern Mongolia (historical region)
- Sichuan Mongols
- Upper Mongols
- Upper Mongolia
- Western Mongolia
- Yunnan Mongols
- Mongols in Taiwan
Further reading[edit]
- Human Rights in China: China, Minority Exclusion, Marginalization and Rising Tensions, London, Minority Rights Group International, 2007
References[edit]
- ^ Түмэдхүү, ӨМӨЗО-НЫ ХҮН АМЫН ХУВИРАЛТЫН ЗУРГИЙГ ҮЗЭЭД (Southern) Mongolian Liberal Union Party (Mongolian): Millions of Han Chinese of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region registered as "Mongol" and "Manchu" according to Chinese policy since the 1980s. There is no enough information about Chinese ethnic minorities due to the government policy.
- ^ Өвөр Монголын хүн ам (Mongolian)
External links[edit]
- The Mongolian ethnic minority Chinese government information.
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