PRDM9

PR domain containing 9
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 4IJD
Identifiers
Symbols	PRDM9; MEISETZ; MSBP3; PFM6; PRMD9; ZNF899
External IDs	OMIM: 609760 MGI: 2384854 HomoloGene: 104139 GeneCards: PRDM9 Gene
EC number	2.1.1.43
Gene Ontology Molecular function • nucleic acid binding • zinc ion binding • histone-lysine N-methyltransferase activity • metal ion binding Cellular component • nucleoplasm • chromosome Biological process • meiotic gene conversion • transcription, DNA-dependent • regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent • positive regulation of reciprocal meiotic recombination Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	56979	213389
Ensembl	ENSG00000164256	ENSMUSG00000051977
UniProt	Q9NQV7	Q96EQ9
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_020227	NM_144809
RefSeq (protein)	NP_064612	NP_659058
Location (UCSC)	Chr 5: 23.51 – 23.53 Mb	Chr 17: 15.54 – 15.56 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

PR domain zinc finger protein 9 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PRDM9 gene. The protein has histone H3(K4) trimethyltransferase activity, a KRAB domain, and a DNA-binding domain consisting of multiple tandem C2H2 zinc finger (ZF) domains. PRDM9 specifically trimethylates 'Lys-4' of histone H3 during meiotic prophase and is essential for proper meiotic progression, but does not have the ability to mono- and dimethylate 'Lys-4' of histone H3. H3 'Lys-4' methylation represents a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation which plays a central role in the transcriptional activation of genes during early meiotic prophase.

Function

PRDM9 is thought to mediate the process of meiotic homologous recombination.

Further reading

• Baudat F, Buard J, Grey C, et al. (2010). "PRDM9 is a major determinant of meiotic recombination hotspots in humans and mice.". Science 327 (5967): 836–40. doi:10.1126/science.1183439. PMID 20044539. 
• Berg IL, Neumann R, Lam KW, et al. (2010). "PRDM9 variation strongly influences recombination hot-spot activity and meiotic instability in humans.". Nat. Genet. 42 (10): 859–63. doi:10.1038/ng.658. PMID 20818382. 
• Irie S, Tsujimura A, Miyagawa Y, et al.. "Single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the PRDM9 (MEISETZ) gene in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia.". J. Androl. 30 (4): 426–31. doi:10.2164/jandrol.108.006262. PMID 19168450. 
• Sun XJ, Xu PF, Zhou T, et al. (2008). "Genome-wide survey and developmental expression mapping of zebrafish SET domain-containing genes.". PLoS ONE 3 (1): e1499. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0001499. PMID 18231586. 
• Xiao B, Wilson JR, Gamblin SJ (2003). "SET domains and histone methylation.". Curr. Opin. Struct. Biol. 13 (6): 699–705. doi:10.1016/j.sbi.2003.10.003. PMID 14675547. 
• Wahls WP, Swenson G, Moore PD (1991). "Two hypervariable minisatellite DNA binding proteins.". Nucleic Acids Res. 19 (12): 3269–74. doi:10.1093/nar/19.12.3269. PMC 328321. PMID 2062643. 
• Jiang GL, Huang S (2000). "The yin-yang of PR-domain family genes in tumorigenesis.". Histol. Histopathol. 15 (1): 109–17. PMID 10668202. 
• Parvanov ED, Petkov PM, Paigen K (2010). "Prdm9 controls activation of mammalian recombination hotspots.". Science 327 (5967): 835. doi:10.1126/science.1181495. PMID 20044538. 
• Myers S, Bowden R, Tumian A, et al. (2010). "Drive against hotspot motifs in primates implicates the PRDM9 gene in meiotic recombination.". Science 327 (5967): 876–9. doi:10.1126/science.1182363. PMID 20044541. 
• Miyamoto T, Koh E, Sakugawa N, et al.. "Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in PRDM9 (MEISETZ) gene may be a genetic risk factor for Japanese patients with azoospermia by meiotic arrest.". J. Assist. Reprod. Genet. 25 (11-12): 553–7. doi:10.1007/s10815-008-9270-x. PMID 18941885. 

External links

• PRDM9 protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
• UCSC GenomeWiki - PRDM9: Meiosis and Recombination

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.