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Transcription factor II D

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RNA polymerase II holoenzyme is a form of eukaryotic RNA polymerase II that is recruited to the promoters of protein-coding genes in living cells. It consists of RNA polymerase II, a subset of general transcription factors, and regulatory proteins known as SRB proteins. Transcription factor II D (TFIID) is one of several general transcription factors that make up the RNA polymerase II preinitiation complex.[1] Before the start of transcription, the transcription Factor II D (TFIID) complex binds to the TATA box in the core promoter of the gene.

Contents

Functions [edit]

  • Coordinates the activities of more than 70 polypeptides required for initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
  • Binds to the core promoter to position the polymerase properly
  • Serves as the scaffold for assembly of the remainder of the transcription complex
  • Acts as a channel for regulatory signals

Structure [edit]

TFIID is itself composed of several subunits called TBP-associated factors (TAFs, of which there are 16) and the TATA Binding Protein (TBP). In a test tube, only TBP is necessary for transcription at promoters that contain a TATA box.[2] TAFs, however, add promoter selectivity, especially if there is no TATA box sequence for TBP to bind to. TAFs are included in two distinct complexes, TFIID and B-TFIID.[3] The TFIID complex is composed of TBP and more than eight TAFs. But, the majority of TBP is present in the B-TFIID complex, which is composed of TBP and TAFII170 (BTAF1) in a 1:1 ratio.[4]

Subunits in the TFIID complex include:[2]

See also [edit]

References [edit]

  1. ^ Lewin, Benjamin (2004). Genes VIII. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall. pp. 636–637. ISBN 0-13-144946-X. 
  2. ^ a b Lee TI, Young RA (2000). "Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes". Annu. Rev. Genet. 34: 77–137. doi:10.1146/annurev.genet.34.1.77. PMID 11092823. 
  3. ^ "NCBI Entrez GeneID: 9044 BTAF1 BTAF1 RNA polymerase II, B-TFIID transcription factor-associated, 170kDa (Mot1 homolog, S. cerevisiae)". 
  4. ^ Timmers HTM, Meyers RE, Sharp PA (Sep 1992). "Composition of transcription factor B-TFIID". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 89 (17): 8140–4. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8140. PMC 49872. PMID 1387711. 

External links [edit]
Signaling pathways
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