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Ewing Township, New Jersey

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Ewing Township, New Jersey
—  Township  —
Ewing Township highlighted in Mercer County. Inset map: Mercer County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Ewing Township, New Jersey
Coordinates: 40°15′46″N 74°47′54″W / 40.262722°N 74.798307°W / 40.262722; -74.798307Coordinates: 40°15′46″N 74°47′54″W / 40.262722°N 74.798307°W / 40.262722; -74.798307
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Mercer
Incorporated February 22, 1834
Government[1]
 • Type Faulkner Act (Mayor-Council)
 • Mayor Bert Steinmann
 • Administrator James McManimon[2]
Area[3]
 • Total 15.599 sq mi (40.400 km2)
 • Land 15.250 sq mi (39.497 km2)
 • Water 0.349 sq mi (0.903 km2)  2.23%
Elevation[4] 125 ft (38 m)
Population (2010 Census)[5]
 • Total 35,790
 • Density 2,300/sq mi (890/km2)
Time zone Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
 • Summer (DST) EDT (UTC-4)
ZIP codes 08560, 08618, 08628, 08638[6]
Area code(s) 609
FIPS code 34-22185[7][3][8]
GNIS feature ID 0882128[9][3]
Website http://www.ewingnj.org

Ewing Township is a Township in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. As of the 2010 United States Census, the township population was 35,790.[5]

Ewing Township was incorporated as a township by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 22, 1834, from portions of Trenton Township, while the area was still part of Hunterdon County. It became part of the newly created Mercer County on February 22, 1838.[10]

Although Ewing Township was officially established in 1834, the history of the region ranges back thousands of years. The earliest inhabitants of the land area today known as Ewing Township were the Lenni Lenape Native Americans. These migratory people ranged throughout New Jersey along the banks of the Delaware River, and the Township's many creeks provided rich natural resources for hunting, fishing, pottery-making, and simple farming.

When the region was first settled by European colonists around 1699, it was part of Hopewell Township, and continued under that name until the City of Trenton was established in 1719. From 1719 until 1834, the area was named Trenton Township. On February 22, 1834, the name was changed from Trenton Township to Ewing Township in honor of Charles Ewing, who was posthumously honored for his work as Chief Justice of the New Jersey Supreme Court from 1824–1832.

Contents

[edit] Geography

Ewing Township is located at 40°15′46″N 74°47′54″W / 40.262722°N 74.798307°W / 40.262722; -74.798307 (40.262722,-74.798307). According to the United States Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 15.599 square miles (40.400 km2), of which, 15.250 square miles (39.497 km2) of it is land and 0.349 square miles (0.903 km2) of it (2.23%) is water.[11][3]

The highest elevation in Ewing Township is 225 feet (69 m) AMSL just east of I-95 and just west of Trenton-Mercer Airport,[12] while the lowest point is just below 20 feet (6.1 m) AMSL along the Delaware River near the border with Trenton.[13]

[edit] Demographics

Historical populations
Census Pop. %±
1910 1,889
—
1920 3,475 84.0%
1930 6,942 99.8%
1940 10,146 46.2%
1950 16,840 66.0%
1960 26,628 58.1%
1970 32,831 23.3%
1980 34,842 6.1%
1990 34,185 −1.9%
2000 35,707 4.5%
2010 35,790 0.2%
Population sources:1910-1930[14]
1930-1990[15] 2000[16] 2010[5][17]

[edit] Census 2010

As of the 2010 Census, there were 35,790 people, 13,171 households, and 7,980 families residing in the township. There were 13,926 housing units. The racial makeup of the township was 63.1% White, 27.6% African American, 0.3% Native American, 4.3% Asian, 0.0% Pacific Islander, 2.2% from other races, and 2.4% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 7.6% of the population.[17]

[edit] Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[7] there were 35,707 people, 12,551 households, and 8,208 families residing in the township. The population density was 2,328.6 people per square mile (899.3/km2). There were 12,924 housing units at an average density of 842.8 per square mile (325.5/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 69.02% White, 24.82% African American, 0.15% Native American, 2.27% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 1.83% from other races, and 1.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.44% of the population.[16]

There were 12,551 households out of which 25.3% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 49.7% were married couples living together, 12.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 34.6% were non-families. 27.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.45 and the average family size was 3.00.[16]

In the township the population was spread out with 18.0% under the age of 18, 17.3% from 18 to 24, 26.8% from 25 to 44, 22.1% from 45 to 64, and 15.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females there were 93.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.0 males.[16]

The median income for a household in the township was $57,274, and the median income for a family was $67,618. Males had a median income of $44,531 versus $35,844 for females. The per capita income for the township was $24,268. About 3.3% of families and 6.4% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.4% of those under age 18 and 7.1% of those age 65 or over.[16]

[edit] Township layout

Ewing Township was originally farmland punctuated by hamlets, including Ewingville, West Trenton, and Wilburtha. Since the beginning of the 20th Century, the township has developed as a suburb of Trenton. The sections near the city border are distinctly urban, but most of the township is suburban residential development. The main commercial district extends along North Olden Avenue Extension (County Route 622), originally constructed to connect north Trenton residences with the now-closed General Motors plant. Ewing Township is also the location of The College of New Jersey, the Community Blood Council of New Jersey, New Jersey State Police headquarters, the Jones Farm State Correction Institute, the Trenton Psychiatric Institute, the New Jersey Department of Transportation headquarters, Katzenbach School for the Deaf, and Trenton-Mercer Airport (KTTN), the location of Trenton, New Jersey's weather observations.

Ewing was home to the Inland Fisher Guide Plant, a plant that opened in 1938 for the Ternstedt division of GM's Fisher Body unit. During World War II, the plant was used to build torpedo bombers for the United States Navy. The plant was converted back to manufacture car parts after the war and became the first location of an industrial robot used to replace human workers.[18] After its closure in 1998. The plant was demolished and has been targeted for cleanup and commercial redevelopment, with a $10.4 million grant received in 2011 to cover the costs of remediation of the site.[19]

Ewing was also home of the Naval Air Warfare Center on Parkway Avenue, which developed major aeronautical defense weapons for the United States Navy.

[edit] Government

[edit] Local government

Ewing Township is governed under a Mayor-Council form of New Jersey municipal government, under the Faulkner Act.[1] The Governing Body of the township consists of five Council members and a Mayor, all of whom are elected by the residents of the community. The Mayor is elected to a four-year term. Members of the Council are elected at-large to four-year terms of office, with two seats come up for election every other year.[20]

As of 2012, the Mayor of Ewing Township is Bert Steinmann.[2] Members of the Ewing Township Council are Council President Kathy Wollert, Vice President Hilary Hyser, Kevin Baxter, Joe Murphy and Les Summiel.[21][22]

[edit] Federal, state and county representation

Ewing Township is in the 12th Congressional district and is part of New Jersey's 15th state legislative district.[5][23]

New Jersey's Twelfth Congressional District is represented by Rush D. Holt, Jr. (D, Hopewell Township).[24] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Frank Lautenberg (D, Cliffside Park) and Bob Menendez (D, Hoboken).

The 15th Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Shirley Turner (D, Lawrence Township, Mercer County) and in the General Assembly by Reed Gusciora (D, Trenton) and Bonnie Watson Coleman (D, Ewing Township).[25] The Governor of New Jersey is Chris Christie (R, Mendham Township).[26] The Lieutenant Governor of New Jersey is Kim Guadagno (R, Monmouth Beach).[27]

Under Mercer County's form of government, the County Executive performs executive functions and oversees the day-to-day operations of the county and a seven-member Board of Chosen Freeholders acts in a legislative capacity, setting policy. As of 2011, the County Executive is Brian M. Hughes.[28] Members of the Board of Chosen Freeholders are elected at-large to serve three-year terms on a staggered basis, with two or three seats coming up for election each year. A Freeholder Chair and Vice-Chair are selected on an annual basis from among its members.[29] County Freeholders are Freeholder Chair Pasqual "Pat" Colavita, Jr. (term ends December 31, 2012; Lawrenceville)[30], Freeholder Vice Chair Lucylle R. S. Walter (2011; Ewing Township)[31], Samuel T. Frisby (2011; Trenton)[32], Ann M. Cannon (2012; East Windsor Township)[33], Anthony P. Carabelli (2013; Trenton)[34], John Cimino (2011; Hamilton Township)[35] and Andrew Koontz (2013; Princeton Borough)[36][37]

The New Jersey Juvenile Justice Commission has its headquarters in the township.[38][39]

[edit] Education

The Ewing Township Board of Education oversees the Ewing Public Schools. Schools in the district (with 2009-10 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[40]) are three K-5 elementary schools — Antheil (731 students) Lore (521) Parkway (462) — Fisher (880) for grades 6-8 and Ewing High School (1,151) for grades 9-12.

The Ewing School Board provided bus transportation to religious private schools and was challenged in court in 1946. In Everson v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court of the United States ruled for the first time that state and local government were subject to the establishment clause but that it had not been violated in this instance.[41]

The Ewing Public Education Foundation, established in 1995, is an independent, not-for-profit citizen’s organization whose mission is to mobilize community support, concern, commitment and resources to help improve the quality of education in Ewing Township. EPEF provides grants to Ewing Township Schools for innovative educational programs through fund-raising activities, and corporate and institutional sponsorship. The Foundation also seeks to match corporate and organizational donors with teachers to fund additional projects of mutual interest. These programs enhance the educational experience without the use of additional taxpayer dollars.[42]

Incarnation-St. James Catholic School (formerly Incarnation School), constructed in 1955, is a Pre-K to 8th grade parish school administered by The Sisters, Servants of the Immaculate Heart of Mary and overseen by the Roman Catholic Diocese of Trenton. The school added a parish center in 2003, which includes a gym, locker rooms, offices, meeting rooms, boiler room, and a kitchenette to be used to the benefit of its students, faculty, and staff. In 2006, the Incarnation School and parish combined with the St. James School and parish.[43]

The Villa Victoria Academy is a private Catholic school in Ewing Township, christened as a private academy in 1933, and operated by the Religious Teachers Filippini. This single-gender school offers an education to young females from grades Pre-K to 12th grade.[44]

The College of New Jersey (formerly Trenton State College) is located on a 289 acre campus within the township.[45]

Thomas J. Rubino Academy (formerly Mercer County Alternative High School) is one of Mercer County's only alternative schools, offering an alternative educational program for students who have struggled in the traditional school environment, featuring smaller classes, mentoring and counseling.[46]

[edit] Neighboring municipalities

Upper Makesfield Township, PA Hopewell Township
Lower Makesfield Township, PA Lawrence Township
   Ewing Township    
Yardley, PA Trenton

[edit] Transportation

Ewing Township is traversed by multiple main roadways, as well as by a passenger rail line and is the location of an airport.

Route 29 (Daniel Bray Highway and River Road) extends north-south along the western edge of the township, along the Delaware River. The southern section, Daniel Bray Highway, is a 55 mph (90 km/h), divided four-lane facility with at-grade intersections and traffic lights, and was constructed in the 1950s. The northern section, River Road, is a 45 mph (70 km/h), undivided two-lane facility whose construction as a state highway dates from the 1930s. NJ 29 connects southwards to Trenton, and northwards to Lambertville and Frenchtown.

Route 31 (Pennington Road) extends north-south towards the eastern side of the township. It is a 35-45 mph (60–70 km/h), undivided four-lane facility whose construction as a state highway also dates to the 1930s. It once also carried a trolley line, but it has long since been removed. It was once proposed to be bypassed by a freeway, but this plan has since been cancelled. NJ 31 also connects south to Trenton, and connects north to Pennington, Flemington, and Clinton.

U.S. Route 206 (Princeton Avenue) skirts the southeastern section of the township. It is a 25 mph (40 km/h), undivided four-lane[47] facility. Although part of US 206, it was not constructed and is not maintained by the state. US 206 also connects south to Trenton, and connects north to Princeton and Somerville.

Interstate 95 (the Scudder Falls Freeway and Bridge) crosses the northwestern section of the township. It is a 55-65 mph (90–100 km/h), 4-6 lane divided freeway facility. It was constructed as a 4-lane facility in the 1960s, and widened to 6 lanes in the 1990s, with the exception of the Scudder Falls Bridge over the Delaware River. It connects south with Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and connects north to U.S. 1, where this branch of Interstate 95 ends. It becomes Interstate 295. From there, travelers use U.S. 1 or Interstate 195 and the New Jersey Turnpike to reach the next major destination northwards, New York City. The Ewing portion of Interstate 95 will eventually be redesignated as "Interstate 195 Extension" when a direct interchange between Interstate 95 in Pennsylvania and the Pennsylvania Turnpike is completed, re-routing Interstate 95 onto the New Jersey Turnpike at Exit 6 (in Mansfield Township).

The Reading Railroad bridge across the Delaware River.

Ewing Township also boasts a commuter rail facility, West Trenton Station, at the terminus of SEPTA's West Trenton Line. This facility mainly serves commuter traffic to and from Philadelphia.

Ewing Township is also the site of the Trenton-Mercer Airport (TTN), which currently offers two flights per day on Streamline Air to Hanscom Field, located west of Boston.[48]

Ewing Township is also traversed by the Delaware and Raritan Canal near the Delaware River. Originally important to commerce and trade, the advent of railroads caused the canal's commercial demise. The strip of land along the canal is currently part of the Delaware and Raritan Canal State Park.

[edit] Ewing Presbyterian Church and Cemetery

Ewing Presbyterian Church

Ewing Presbyterian Church is an historic building dated 1867 and set within the American Revolution era Ewing Church Cemetery. It is the fourth church to be built in the cemetery grounds. The current church building has been under threat of demolition after several engineering studies found the roof trusses are buckling and beyond the point of cost effective repair. Numerous preservation groups say that the structural problems are much easier to resolve than the studies claim. Various organizations have endeavored to raise funds to secure the stability of the original church structure.[49]

[edit] Points of interest

The Delaware River forms the western border of Ewing Township.
  • Delaware and Raritan Canal - Runs along the eastern bank of the Delaware River in western Ewing Township.
  • Washington Victory Trail - Documents the trail taken by George Washington's army during the American Revolution on December 26, 1776. This led to a successful surprise attack on the Hessian troops occupying Trenton, New Jersey. Victory trail begins in nearby Washington Crossing State Park, enters Ewing Township at Jacobs Creek Road and continues along Bear Tavern Road. General Sullivan's route follows Grand Avenue and Sullivan Way to Trenton. General Greene's route follows Parkway Avenue to Trenton.[50][51]
  • Our Lady of Good Counsel Church, located on W. Upper Ferry Road, is a Roman Catholic church built in the early 1960s to meet the growing needs of the rapidly expanding township. Its architecture is similar to Saint Paul's Church in Princeton. The Church is a major worship center for the Catholic community in what is called the West Trenton section of the township.[52]
  • Louis Kahn's Trenton Bath House was an early work of the influential mid-twentieth century architect, made for the Trenton Jewish Community Center (now the Ewing Senior & Community Center).[53]

[edit] Notable people

Notable current and former residents of Ewing Township include:

[edit] References

  1. ^ a b 2005 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, April 2005, p. 73.
  2. ^ a b Administration, Ewing Township. Accessed January 23, 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d Gazetteer of New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed October 25, 2012.
  4. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Township of Ewing, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed June 13, 2008.
  5. ^ a b c d Municipalities Grouped by 2011-2020 Legislative Districts, New Jersey Department of State, p. 7. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  6. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Ewing, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed January 23, 2012.
  7. ^ a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. http://factfinder.census.gov. Retrieved January 31, 2008. 
  8. ^ A Cure for the Common Codes: New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed October 28, 2012.
  9. ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. October 25, 2007. http://geonames.usgs.gov. Retrieved January 31, 2008. 
  10. ^ "The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968", John P. Snyder, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 161.
  11. ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. February 12, 2011. http://www.census.gov/geo/www/gazetteer/gazette.html. Retrieved April 23, 2011. 
  12. ^ USGS Topographic map of the highest point in Ewing
  13. ^ USGS Topographic map of the lowest point in Ewing
  14. ^ "Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I", United States Census Bureau, p. 716. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  15. ^ New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 2, 2009. Accessed August 11, 2011.
  16. ^ a b c d e Census 2000 Demographic Profile Highlights: Ewing township, Mercer County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed August 11, 2011.
  17. ^ a b Table DP-1. Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Ewing township, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed September 11, 2011.
  18. ^ Famous Firsts in New Jersey, State of New Jersey. Accessed August 11, 2011. "The first robot to replace a human worker was used by General Motors in Ewing Township in 1961."
  19. ^ Galler, Joan. "Ewing's vacant General Motors site soon to be cleaned", The Trentonian, August 10, 2011. Accessed August 11, 2011.
  20. ^ Ewing Township Demographics, Ewing Township. Accessed October 20, 2006.
  21. ^ Ewing Council , Ewing Township. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  22. ^ Karas, David. "Wollert named Ewing council president; Hyser takes role as vice president", The Times (Trenton), January 3, 2012. Accessed January 24, 2012. "Kathleen Wollert was unanimously elected to serve as president of the township council for the next year, with Hilary Hyser as her vice president."
  23. ^ Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  24. ^ Municipalities, Congressman Rush D. Holt, Jr. Accessed April 2, 2012.
  25. ^ Legislative Roster 2012-2013 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 11, 2012.
  26. ^ "About the Governor". State of New Jersey. http://www.nj.gov/governor/about/. Retrieved 2010-01-21. 
  27. ^ "About the Lieutenant Governor". State of New Jersey. http://www.nj.gov/governor/lt/. Retrieved 2010-01-21. 
  28. ^ County Executive, Mercer County, New Jersey. Accessed January 5, 2011.
  29. ^ What is a Freeholder?, Mercer County, New Jersey. Accessed January 5, 2011.
  30. ^ Pasquale "Pat" Colavita, Jr., Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  31. ^ Lucylle R. S. Walter, Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  32. ^ Samuel T. Frisby, Mercer County. Accessed August 1, 2011.
  33. ^ Ann M. Cannon, Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  34. ^ Anthony P. Carabelli, Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  35. ^ John Cimino, Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  36. ^ Andrew Koontz, Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  37. ^ Meet the Freeholders, Mercer County. Accessed January 6, 2011.
  38. ^ Contact Us. New Jersey Juvenile Justice Commission. Retrieved on August 12, 2010.
  39. ^ 2009 Ewing Zoning Map, Ewing Township. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  40. ^ Data for the Ewing Public Schools, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed August 11, 2011.
  41. ^ Everson v. Board of Education of the Township of Ewing, Cornell Law School. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  42. ^ Home page, Ewing Public Education Foundation. Accessed April 11, 2011.
  43. ^ ISJ/History/ History, Incarnation-St.James Catholic School. Accessed April 11, 2011.
  44. ^ History, Villa Victoria Academy. Accessed April 11, 2011.
  45. ^ About, The College of New Jersey. Accessed April 11, 2011. "Known for its natural beauty, the College’s campus is set on 289 tree-lined acres in suburban Ewing Township."
  46. ^ Thomas J. Rubino Academy, Mercer County Vocational School District. Accessed April 11, 2011. "The education program is delivered at the Alfred Reed School in Ewing, NJ."
  47. ^ Google Map of Route 206 in Ewing, accessed November 1, 2006.
  48. ^ Chase, Katie Johnston. "Regular passenger service returns to Hanscom", Boston Globe, March 22, 2011. Accessed August 11, 2011. "A new airline is planning to start passenger service at Hanscom Field next month, the first carrier to offer regularly scheduled flights at the Bedford airport in more than three years. Streamline Air LLC will operate two flights a day on 30-seat turboprop planes to Trenton-Mercer Airport in Trenton, N.J., about 35 miles northwest of Philadelphia, targeting business travelers with $600 round-trip tickets."
  49. ^ Hagen, Tony J. "Church rejects restoration offer", The Times (Trenton), August 14, 2009. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  50. ^ Old Barracks Museum
  51. ^ Ten Crucial Days
  52. ^ Services and Programs , Our Lady of Good Counsel Church. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  53. ^ History of the Decision to Restore, The Bath House. Accessed January 24, 2012.
  54. ^ Hester, Jr., Tom. "His rants become TV rage", The Times (Trenton), November 16, 2004. "Pierre Bernard has had enough.In recent months, iPods, the Stargate SG-1 television show and Mallomars candy, among other topics, have sent him into a public rage. Now it's the removal of the Nassau Park Boulevard traffic light along Route 1 in West Windsor that has him on edge. 'That's been bugging me since they moved it last month,' the Ewing resident said. 'It's been on my nerves.'"
  55. ^ Emanski, Joe. "Catching up with the Copelands", Ewing Observer, March 2004. Accessed June 20, 2007. "One moment, Ewing High grad Hollis Copeland was negotiating a new contract as a member of the New York Knicks of the National Basketball Association.... After his career ended, they moved to Yonkers, where they lived for 13 years. They’ve lived back in Ewing since 1994."
  56. ^ Corzine Names Secretary of State and Military and Veterans Affairs Adjutant General, press release dated January 3, 2006.
  57. ^ Staff. "Sex Scandal Forces Commander Of N.J. National Guard To ResignMaj. Gen. Glenn Rieth Caught In 'Compromising Position' With Female Aide", WCBS, December 1, 2011. Accessed January 24, 2012. ""Rieth’s Trenton office was all locked up and dark Thursday night. So was his Ewing home, where there were no lights on and no answer at the door."
  58. ^ Carig, Marc. "Yankees' Steve Garrison, a Ewing native, makes major-league debut", The Star-Ledger, July 26, 2011. Accessed July 26, 2011. "His heart raced and his mouth dried up as if it were filled with cotton, giving Steve Garrison the same nervous feeling he used get before American Legion games in Ewing, N.J."

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