Xanthomonas

Xanthomonas
Leaf spot of English ivy caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. hederae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gamma Proteobacteria
Order:	Xanthomonadales
Family:	Xanthomonadaceae
Genus:	Xanthomonas Dowson 1939
Species
X. albilineans X. alfalfae X. ampelina X. arboricola X. axonopodis X. boreopolis X. badrii X. bromi X. campestris X. cassavae X. citri X. codiaei X. cucurbitae X. cyanopsidis X. cynarae X. euvesicatoria X. fragariae X. gardneri X. holcicola X. hortorum X. hyacinthi X. malvacearum X. maltophilia X. manihotis X. melonis X. oryzae X. papavericola X. perforans X. phaseoli X. pisi X. populi X. sacchari X. theicola X. translucens X. vasicola X. vesicatoria

Xanthomonas is a genus of Proteobacteria, many of which cause plant diseases. Most varieties of Xanthomonas are available from the National Collection of Plant Pathogenic Bacteria (NCPPB) in the United Kingdom and other international culture collections such as ICMP in New Zealand, CFBP in France, and VKM in Russia. It is also taken out from M.T.C.C. India.

Plant pathogenesis

Xanthomonas can infect a wide variety of species including pepper, rice, citrus, cotton, tomato, and soybeans. Some types of Xanthomonas caussse localized leaf spot or leaf streak while others spread systemically and cause black rot or leaf blight disease. They inject a number of effector proteins, including TAL effectors, into the plant via their type iii secretion system. Xanthomonas infecton may be controlled with antibiotic Cefotaxime Sodium . It is claimed that the impurity D (defined in European Pharmacopeia) in the commercial grade of cefotaxime is toxic to the plants. A better grade of Cefotaxime Sodium with no impurity D is recommended.