2-Methyl-2-butanol
| 2-Methyl-2-butanol | |
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2-Methyl-2-butanol[citation needed] |
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2-Methylbutan-2-ol[1] |
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Other names
tert-Amyl alcohol[citation needed] Amylene hydrate[citation needed] |
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| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 75-85-4  |
| PubChem | 6405 |
| ChemSpider | 6165 |
| UNII | 69C393R11Z |
| EC number | 200-908-9 |
| UN number | 1105 |
| KEGG | D02931  |
| MeSH | tert-amyl+alcohol |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL44658 |
| RTECS number | SC0175000 |
| Beilstein Reference | 1361351 |
| Jmol-3D images | Image 1 |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C5H12O |
| Molar mass | 88.15 g mol−1 |
| Exact mass | 88.088815006 g mol−1 |
| Appearance | Colourless liquid |
| Odor | Camphorous, peppermint |
| Density | 805 mg cm−3 |
| Melting point |
-9 °C, 264 K, 16 °F |
| Boiling point |
101-103 °C, 374-376 K, 214-217 °F |
| Solubility in water | 120 g dm−3 |
| log P | 1.095 |
| Vapor pressure | 1.6 kPa (at 20 °C) |
| Refractive index (nD) | 1.405 |
| Thermochemistry | |
| Std enthalpy of formation ΔfH |
−380.0–−379.0 kJ mol−1 |
| Std enthalpy of combustion ΔcH |
−3.3036–−3.3026 MJ mol−1 |
| Standard molar entropy S |
229.3 J K−1 mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | hazard.com |
| GHS pictograms |   |
| GHS signal word | DANGER |
| GHS hazard statements | H225, H315, H332, H335 |
| GHS precautionary statements | P210, P261 |
| EU Index | 603-007-00-2 |
| EU classification |  F  Xn |
| R-phrases | R11, R20, R37/38 |
| S-phrases | (S2), S46 |
| NFPA 704 |
 3
1
0
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| Flash point | 19 °C |
| Autoignition temperature |
437 °C |
| Explosive limits | 9% |
 (verify) (what is:  / ?)Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) |
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| Infobox references |
2-Methyl-2-butanol, also known as tert-amyl alcohol, 2M2B or amylene hydrate, is one of the isomers of amyl alcohol. It is a clear, colorless liquid with a strong odor of peppermint or camphor.[2][3] In humans it possesses sedative, hypnotic, and anticonvulsant effects similar to ethanol through ingestion or inhalation, and was previously used in medicine for this purpose.[4] It is active in doses of 2,000-4,000 mg, making it some 20 times more potent than regular ethanol.[5][6] Its hypnotic potency is between that of chloral hydrate and paraldehyde.[7] In humans, 2-methyl-2-butanol is metabolized primarily via gluconoridation and oxidation to 2,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbutane.[8] Overdose produces symptoms similar to alcohol poisoning and is a medical emergency.
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- ^ "tert-amyl alcohol - Compound Summary". PubChem Compound. USA: National Center for Biotechnology Information. 26 March 2005. Identification and Related Records. http://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/summary/summary.cgi?cid=6405&loc=ec_rcs. Retrieved 2011-12-13.
- ^ Coblentz, Virgil (1899). The Newer Remedies: A reference manual for physicians, pharmacists, and students (3rd ed.). Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's Son & Co. p. 18. http://books.google.com/books?id=BRxKAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA18#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ H. C. Wood & R. M. Smith, ed. (15 September 1887). "Amylene hydrate - a new hypnotic". Therapeutic Gazette - A monthly journal of physiological and clinical therapeutics (Detroit MI and Philadelpia PA: G. S. Davis) 3: 605–606. http://books.google.com/books?id=bKICAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA605#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Robert A. Lewis (1998). Lewis' Dictionary of Toxicology. CRC Press. p. 45. ISBN 1-56670-223-2. http://books.google.com/books?id=zGbVfBItUwcC&pg=PA45#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Hans Brandenberger & Robert A. A. Maes, ed. (1997). Analytical Toxicology for Clinical, Forensic and Pharmaceutical Chemists. p. 401. ISBN 3-11-010731-7. http://books.google.com/books?id=ZhYtynyC4kAC&pg=PA401#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ D. W. Yandell et al. (1888). "Amylene hydrate, a new hypnotic". The American Practitioner and News (Lousville KY: John P. Morton & Co) 5: 88–89. http://books.google.com/books?id=Ra5YAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA88#v=onepage.
- ^ F. A. Castle & C. Rice (March 1888). "Amylene and amylene hydrate". The American Druggist 17 (3): 58–59. http://books.google.com/books?id=gNIAAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA58#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ^ Collins, A. S.; Sumner, S. C.; Borghoff, S. J.; Medinsky, M. A. (1999). "A physiological model for tert-amyl methyl ether and tert-amyl alcohol: Hypothesis testing of model structures". Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology 49 (1): 15–28. doi:10.1093/toxsci/49.1.15. PMID 10367338.
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