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Linux for Window systems administrators, Part 1: Managing and monitoring the extended file system
Windows and Linux use different file system architectures. Fortunately, your Windows experience can put you on the fast track to being comfortable managing and monitoring the Linux extended file systems. This article helps you learn your way around the extended disk file system family on Linux.
Articles 17 Jan 2012
Scripting KVM with Python, Part 2: Add a GUI to manage KVM with libvirt and Python
Further explore how to use Python to create scripts for managing virtual machines using KVM. Learn how to add a GUI to expand on the simple status and display tool.
Articles 17 Jan 2012
Firewall uptime and security with iptables
Iptables is the standard Linux firewall application. It is easy to configure and maintain while powerful enough to provide the control expected from a high-end appliance. Learn how to get started with iptables, recover from common issues, and simulate a small-office usage scenario.
Also available in: Portuguese  
Articles 04 Jan 2012
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Performance tuning
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for systems administrators, learn how to measure Samba performance and make Samba work faster.
Also available in: Portuguese  
Articles 20 Dec 2011
Elevate cloud security with privilege delegation
In this article, the author discusses the needs that drive migration of data centers into the cloud, details the role of virtualization in both public and private cloud infrastructures, and outlines the security and compliance implications of cloud computing in order to provide insight into the protection of sensitive data in the cloud through "administrative access" and "privileged delegation."
Also available in: Portuguese  
Articles 14 Dec 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Samba security
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for systems administrators, learn how to secure Samba and troubleshoot problems related to security.
Also available in: Portuguese  
Articles 13 Dec 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): A roadmap for LPI-302
Use this roadmap to find IBM developerWorks articles that help you learn and review the fundamentals of supporting Linux in a mixed UNIX/Microsoft environment. If you are also pursuing professional certification as a Linux systems administrator, these articles can help you study for the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302. This roadmap is organized according to the 21 objectives in the LPI-302 exam, which is required to get the LPIC-3 specialization in mixed environments.
Also available in: Portuguese  
Articles 13 Dec 2011
Evolution of shells in Linux
Pointing and clicking is fine for most day-to-day computing tasks, but to really take advantage of the strengths of Linux over other environments, you eventually need to crack the shell and enter the command line. Lots of command shells are available, from Bash and Korn to C shell and various exotic and strange shells. Learn which shell is right for you. [Note: Minor corrections were made to Listings 2 and 3.]
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 09 Dec 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Integration with Active Directory
Since the release of Windows 2000, Microsoft has offered Active Directory as its directory service, and later versions have renamed it Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS). AD DS leverages the popular LDAP for resource management, Kerberos for authentication, and tight integration with DNS for name resolution. If you currently use AD DS, integrating a Linux server can help centralize identity management and maintenance for Linux printing and file services. However, doing so can be challenging. Fortunately, Samba provides a solution for Linux integration with AD DS that requires no modification to the directory service. [Note: We corrected the Listing 4 caption and clarified the section on "Using the net command" per reader feedback.]
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 08 Dec 2011
Scripting KVM with Python, Part 1: libvirt
This two-part series explores how to use Python to create scripts for managing virtual machines using Kernel-based Virtual Machine (KVM). In this installment, learn the basics of using libvirt and the Python bindings to build a few simple status and display tools.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 06 Dec 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Linux file system and share/service permissions
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for systems administrators, learn how Samba interacts with the Linux file system and how to manage permissions.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 06 Dec 2011
Scheduling in Hadoop
Get to know Hadoop scheduling, and explore two of the algorithms available today:fair scheduling and capacity scheduling. Also, learn how these algorithms are tuned and in what scenarios they're relevant.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 06 Dec 2011
Easy and beautiful documentation with Sphinx
Create maintainable, style-driven documents that can be automatically distributed in different formats using Sphinx. Discover how Sphinx abstracts the tedious parts and offers automatic functions to solve common problems like title indexing and special code highlighting.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 29 Nov 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Working with Windows clients
While UNIX and Linux computers can be clients to a Samba server, most clients of most Samba servers run Windows. Therefore, you should know how to use the Windows features that enable you to connect to a Samba server. For example, using certain Samba commands on a Linux computer can help you debug problems should they occur.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 29 Nov 2011
Basic tasks for new Linux users
If you're a Windows user, you may find your new Linux system to be a bit different from what you're used to. One of your first tasks will probably be installing additional software, including some of IBM's extensive software for Linux. In many cases, installing software on a Linux system requires you to log in, become the super user (or root) for some tasks, open a terminal or shell window, and mount a CD-ROM, DVD, or USB drive. This article guides you through these basic first-time user tasks and more.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese   Spanish  
Tutorial 19 Nov 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Winbind
If your network includes a domain controller (either a Windows computer or a Samba server), you can use its user database instead of or in addition to maintaining local login users in a Linux computer's local account database. Doing so requires using a set of tools known as Winbind. This toolset can be handy even for Linux computers that don't run Samba to share files or printers; users with Windows domain accounts can log in at the console or use SSH to access Linux-only features, use POP or IMAP mail servers with Windows domain authentication, and so on.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 15 Nov 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): NetBIOS and WINS
Naming is unusual in SMB/CIFS networks. Although modern clients can use Internet domain names to refer to each other, older clients relied on a Microsoft-specific system known as the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server, or the NetBIOS Name Server (NBNS); the two terms are synonymous. Configuring Samba properly for name resolution is therefore important. So is configuring browsing, which is the mechanism by which servers learn what shares are available on specific servers.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 01 Nov 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): CIFS integration
In addition to, or instead of, functioning as a server on a Windows network, a Linux computer can function as a client. You can use an ftp-like program to transfer files and modify a server, or you can mount a share from a Samba or Windows Server machine on your Linux computer, giving normal programs the ability to access files directly on the server. When doing so, though, keep in mind the characteristics of the original SMB protocol and its newer CIFS variant, particularly when accessing a Windows Server machine: You may not have access to all the file system features that a Linux computer supports.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 25 Oct 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Managing user accounts and groups
If you manage user and group accounts, you may find that these accounts don't always work seamlessly for users in mixed environments--a common source of frustration for both users and systems administrators. Fortunately, the Samba suite provides tools to help you manage the process. In this article, learn how to manage user and group accounts in your mixed environment.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 18 Oct 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Authentication and authorization
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for systems administrators, learn how to set up and store passwords, integrate Samba with LDAP, and use ACLs to protect your Linux installation.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese  
Articles 11 Oct 2011
Basics of Linux system administration: Working at the console
Get a comprehensive intro to working with Linux through the command console. Ideally suited to serious users of Linux -- including Linux system administrators, developers, and power users -- this knowledge path also prepares you for the Linux Professional Institute's LPIC-1 certification exam 101 (topic 103).
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Japanese  
Knowledge paths 07 Oct 2011
Basics of Linux system administration: Setting up your system and software
Learn the essential elements of hard disk layout, system boot configuration, and application package administration. Ideally suited to serious users of Linux -- including Linux system administrators, developers, and power users -- this knowledge path also prepares you for the Linux Professional Institute's LPIC-1 certification exam 101 (topic 102).
Also available in: Chinese   Korean  
Knowledge paths 07 Oct 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Internationalization
If you work in a mixed environment in which non-English characters are used, you need to understand character codes and code pages as they relate to your locale. You also need to understand Linux and Windows environments differ when interpreting name spaces. Although Samba supports internationalization, if you work with older Windows clients , Samba 2.x versions, or otherwise need to use a specific character set other than Unicode, you'll need to do a bit of configuration tuning. Depending upon the environment's locale in use, building and patching conversion libraries may also be necessary. In this article, learn how to handle internationalization in your Linux environment.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 04 Oct 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): SWAT configuration
The Samba Web Administration Tool (SWAT) is a web-based administration tool for Samba, enabling GUI configuration from any computer with a web browser. SWAT is a server in its own right, and like all servers, it requires at least minimal configuration. In this article, learn how to install and configure SWAT itself and how to use SWAT to manage Samba.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 27 Sep 2011
Learn Linux, 101: A roadmap for LPIC-1
Use this roadmap to find IBM developerWorks articles that will help you learn and review basic Linux tasks. And if you're also pursuing professional certification as a Linux system administrator, these articles can help you study for the Linux Professional Institute Certification (LPIC) exam 101 and exam 102. This roadmap is organized according to the 43 objectives in the 101 and 102 exams, which you are required to pass for LPI level 1 certification.
Also available in: Russian   Portuguese   Spanish  
Articles 26 Sep 2011
Learn Linux, 101: Boot the system
Learn to guide your Linux system through the boot process. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn about the boot process.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 20 Sep 2011
Trigger keyboard and mouse actions with your voice and xdotool
xdotool is a helpful library of instructions that allows programmers to emulate keystrokes and mouse actions. The particular strength of the tool comes when the keyboard or mouse is absent or in accessibility situations where the user is not physically able to employ regular input methods. This article has two goals: first, to provide an introduction to the use of xdotool in a Linux desktop environment, and second, to use voice input to trigger actions typically done through hardware input. A concluding example uses XML to store xdotool-oriented code fragments for insertion into auto-generated dialog manager code.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 06 Sep 2011
Learn Linux, 101: Manage shared libraries
Learn how to determine which shared libraries your Linux executable programs depend on and how to load them. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn for fun. [Typographical errors noted by alert readers (see Comments at the end of this article) have been corrected, thanks! --Ed.]
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 31 Aug 2011
Learn Linux, 101: RPM and YUM package management
Learn how to install, upgrade and manage packages on your Linux system. This article focuses on the Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) developed by Red Hat, as well as the Yellowdog Updater Modified (YUM) originally developed to manage Red Hat Linux systems at Duke University's Physics department. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to explore the best ways to add new software and keep your system current. [Typographical errors noted by alert readers (see Comments at the end of this article) have been corrected, thanks! --Ed.]
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese   Portuguese   Spanish  
Articles 31 Aug 2011
Introduction to the IBM Software Development Toolkit for Linux on POWER
Learn about the IBM Software Development Kit for Linux on POWER. See how to launch the SDK using SSH and X-Forwarding or VNC techniques.
Demos 31 Aug 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Domain control
In SMB/CIFS parlance, a domain is similar to a workgroup: It's a collection of related computers, typically existing on a single local network. A domain, however, features a special computer known as a domain controller that manages logons for all the servers in the domain. It also provides a few additional services. Samba can function as a domain controller, but you need to set several Samba options for it to do so.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 16 Aug 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Print services
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for systems administrators, learn how to set up printers and share them between Linux and Microsoft clients.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 09 Aug 2011
A data compression primer
This article is a primer on the basic types of data compression, with an introductory explanation of the mathematics and algorithms that go into compression techniques. Brief consideration and examples are given to help you evaluate what types of compression tools and techniques are suited to your own applications. Pointers are provided to more advanced theoretical discussions and ready-to-use compression tools and libraries. [Update: Tables 1 and 2 were updated to correct formatting errors. -Ed.]
Also available in: Japanese  
Articles 21 Jul 2011
Performance Tuning for Linux Servers
Throughout, the authors present realistic examples based on today's most popular enterprise Linux platforms, Intel-based Red Hat Enterprise Linux, and Novell SUSE Linux Enterprise Server. These examples are designed for simplicity, clarity, and easy adaptation to any contemporary Linux environment
Books 14 Jul 2011
Building Applications with the Linux Standard Base
The book’s hands-on approach lets readers quickly understand how to write Linux applications that are portable across multiple distributions, including those from SuSE, Mandrake, and Solaris.
Books 14 Jul 2011
Ceylon: True advance, or just another language?
The language road in computer science is littered with the carcasses of what was to be "the next big thing." And although many niche languages do find some adoption in scripting or specialized applications, C (and its derivatives) and the Java language are difficult to displace. But Red Hat's Ceylon appears to be an interesting combination of language features, using a well-known C-style syntax but with support for object orientation and useful functional aspects in addition to an emphasis on being succinct. Explore Ceylon and find out if this future VM language can find a place in enterprise software development. [Update: The fail block is clarified in Listing 7. -Ed.]
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Japanese   Portuguese   Spanish  
Articles 07 Jul 2011
Practice: Debian package management
A package is software that is bundled and ready for installation on a Linux system. Installing and removing packages are basic operations for any Linux user or administrator. This article offers hands-on practice with Debian package management that will help you feel comfortable performing these tasks in a real-world environment. The exercises and solutions in this article focus on a variety of package management tasks.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Portuguese  
Articles 21 Jun 2011
Practice: Hard disk layout
If you're designing or otherwise working with partition tables, understanding how to navigate both fdisk and parted can help you plan hard disk layout with confidence. The exercises and solutions in this article give you practice in designing and working with a hard disk layout for a Linux computer.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Portuguese  
Articles 21 Jun 2011
Practice: RPM and YUM package management
A package is software that is bundled and ready for installation on a Linux system, and installing and removing packages are basic operations for any Linux user or administrator. This article offers hands-on practice with the Red Hat Package Manager (RPM) and YUM software management tools that will help you learn to perform these tasks in a real-world environment. The exercises and solutions in this article focus on a variety of package management tasks.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Portuguese  
Articles 21 Jun 2011
Practice: Manage shared libraries
A great many Linux applications use shared libraries, executable code that a program links to only at runtime. This dynamic linking cuts down on package size and memory requirements. Linux provides tools for working with shared libraries, knowledge of which is an important part of an admin's skill set. The exercises and solutions in this article give you practice managing shared libraries.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean  
Articles 21 Jun 2011
Practice: Boot managers
Changing the boot manager configuration lets you boot into different operating systems or different versions of the same operating system. This article offers hands-on practice to build your proficiency in making practical changes in your boot manager's configuration. The exercises and solutions in this article focus on adding a kernel to an existing GRUB configuration and interact with GRUB at boot time.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean   Spanish  
Articles 21 Jun 2011
Build a Python app for parsing shared memory dumps
Learn how to parse a machine-readable shared memory dump on a Linux platform and extract your expected data format using Python and the struct utility. In this article, you'll first see how to determine the format of the data by reading the binary file format of the dump file; you need this in order to parse, extract, and analyze the data. Next, you'll see how to parse the file based on the format, and then match the results with the expected format to output a validation result. Update: In the Downloads section you'll find a working Python application and dump file that you can use as-is or modify for your own needs. We changed the name of the dump file throughout this article to match the name used in the download. -Ed.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese   Spanish  
Articles 30 May 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): File services
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for systems administrators, learn how to configure Samba and structure your configuration file. Also, learn how Samba interacts with the network, how to configure logging, and how to debug problems with Samba.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese   Spanish  
Articles 25 May 2011
All about pseudo, Part 2: Under the hood
Part 2 of this series details how pseudo's root emulation works by tracking the path of an intercepted call to the database and back. If you want to replace open(2) with your own code, this is where you find out how.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 17 May 2011
Automating infrastructure management with Cfengine, Part 1: Installing servers and clients
Cfengine is a popular data center automation solution used by organizations around the world. It is scalable to tens of thousands of machines from laptops, desktops, and embedded devices to mainframes. Learn how you can use this versatile and flexible technology for solving data center issues.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 03 May 2011
Application virtualization, past and future
When you hear the phrase "virtual machine" today, you probably think of virtualization and hypervisors. But VMs are simply an older concept of abstraction, a common method of abstracting one entity from another. This article explores two of the many newer open source VM technologies: Dalvik (the VM core of the Android operating system) and Parrot (an open source VM technology for efficiently executing dynamic languages).
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese   Spanish  
Articles 03 May 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Configure Samba
Samba uses a human-readable file to manage and store its configuration parameters, so the most sophisticated tool you'll need to configure Samba is a text editor. Learn how the configuration file is structured, how Samba interacts with the network, how to configure logging, and how to debug problems with Samba.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 27 Apr 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Install and upgrade Samba
Like most software, Samba must be installed before it can be used. Several methods of doing this exist, but they fall into two broad categories: compiling and installing from source code and installing pre-built binary packages. The former is the more difficult but also more flexible option, while the latter is quite easy on most Linux distributions but locks you into the decisions your distribution maintainer has made concerning supported versions, patches applied, compile-time options enabled, and so on.
Also available in: Japanese  
Articles 20 Apr 2011
Capturing screen shots and program interaction on UNIX and Linux systems: Part 2, Simple graphical screen and window capture
Capturing screen images of applications is something that all technical writers, most graphical application developers, many technical marketing staff members, and even many users need to do. Modern UNIX systems provide a number of different tools to capture graphical screens and single windows. This article, the second of three, focuses on tools that are present on every Linux and UNIX system that uses the X Window System. These tools make it easy to capture graphical portions of the screen to help illustrate both proper and improper program behavior.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean  
Articles 19 Apr 2011
Virtualization for embedded systems
Today's technical news is filled with stories of server and desktop virtualization, but there's another virtualization technology that's growing rapidly: embedded virtualization. The embedded domain has several useful applications for virtualization, including mobile handsets, security kernels, and concurrent embedded operating systems. This article explores the area of embedded virtualization and explains why it's coming to an embedded system near you.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 19 Apr 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Configure and build Samba from source
Samba uses Trivial Database files to store both persistent and temporary data as part of its job integrating file and print sharing between Linux and Windows. In preparation for the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302, learn all about the Samba Trivial Database (TDB) format that Samba uses to store information, how to look inside TDB files, and how to back them up.
Also available in: Japanese  
Articles 14 Apr 2011
Managing source code with Mercurial
Managing the source code for a software development project is only slightly less important than writing it in the first place. UNIX and Linux systems offer a rich selection of version control system (VCS) packages, each of which takes a slightly different approach to this common concern. This article focuses on the Mercurial source code management system, often simply referred to as hg. Mercurial provides a powerful, modern, and light-weight solution for source code control that makes it easy for developers to make and debug their changes to a software project while maintaining a stable, centralized source code repository that all project members can depend upon.
Also available in: Chinese   Korean  
Articles 12 Apr 2011
Deploy the DB2 pureScale Feature on Linux
The IBM DB2 pureScale Feature lets you scale out your database system by easily adding machines to your cluster. This article walks you through the process of deploying the DB2 pureScale Feature on SUSE Linux. It uses a 10 gigabit Ethernet infrastructure in a two System x 3850 X5s server configuration that is connected to a DS5100 storage controller. The article also includes post-installation steps and basic information for using DB2 pureScale, such as how to add and remove members and how to make sure you're prepared for high availability and disaster recovery.
Also available in: Chinese   Portuguese  
Articles 07 Apr 2011
Basic tasks for new Linux users
If you're a Windows user, you may find your new Linux system to be a bit different from what you're used to. One of your first tasks will probably be installing additional software, including some of IBM's extensive software for Linux. In many cases, installing software on a Linux system requires you to log in, become the super user (or root) for some tasks, open a terminal or shell window, and mount a CD-ROM, DVD, or USB drive. This article guides you through these basic first-time user tasks and more.
Also available in: Korean   Russian  
Tutorial 07 Apr 2011
Linux and the storage ecosystem
Linux is the Swiss Army knife of file systems, and it also offers a wide variety of storage technologies for both desktops and servers. Beyond the file system, Linux incorporates world-class NAS and SAN technologies, data protection, storage management, support for clouds, and solid-state storage. Learn more about the Linux storage ecosystem and why it's number one in server market share.
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 29 Mar 2011
Create a PHP development environment on the cloud
Learn how to provision a Linux data and web application server, convert your private key, connect to the service via SSH, install a pre-configured PHP distribution, and test your connections.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese  
Articles 14 Mar 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Trivial Database files
Samba uses Trivial Database files to store both persistent and temporary data as part of its job integrating file and print sharing between Linux and Windows. In preparation for the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302, learn all about the Samba Trivial Database (TDB) format that Samba uses to store information, how to look inside TDB files, and how to back them up.
Also available in: Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 08 Mar 2011
Linux Scheduler simulation
Scheduling is one of the most complex--and interesting--aspects of the Linux kernel. Developing schedulers that provide suitable behavior for single-core machines to quad-core servers can be difficult. Luckily, the Linux Scheduler Simulator (LinSched) hosts your Linux scheduler in user space (for scheduler prototyping) while modeling arbitrary hardware targets to validate your scheduler across a spectrum of topologies. Learn about LinSched and how to experiment with your scheduler for Linux.
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 23 Feb 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Samba roles
Samba isn't a single program; rather, it's a series of interrelated servers and utilities, each of which has its own specific purpose. Understanding the differences between these servers and utilities will help you manage your Samba system. Furthermore, Samba implements a number of different security models, which you must understand to properly integrate Samba into an existing network or to set up a new network with Samba servers at its core.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 23 Feb 2011
Scripting the Linux desktop, Part 2: Scripting Nautilus
This series of articles explores how to use Python to create scripts for the GNOME desktop, the screenlets framework, and Nautilus to deliver a highly productive environment. Scripts on the desktop enable drag-and-drop functionality and quick access to the information and services you commonly use. In this installment, learn how to use Python to add functionality to extend Nautilus on your desktop.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 16 Feb 2011
Manage resources on overcommitted KVM hosts
A key benefit of virtualization is the ability to consolidate multiple workloads onto a single computer system. This consolidation yields savings in power consumption, capital expense, and administration costs. The degree of savings depends on the ability to overcommit hardware resources such as memory, CPU cycles, I/O, and network bandwidth. Technologies such as memory ballooning and Kernel Same-page Merging (KSM) can improve memory overcommitment with proper manual tuning. Autonomic reconfiguration of these controls in response to host and VM conditions can result in even greater savings. In this article, learn how to apply these techniques to increase your savings.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 08 Feb 2011
Learn Linux, 302 (Mixed environments): Concepts
In preparation for taking the Linux Professional Institute Certification exam LPI-302 for system administrators, learn the fundamental concepts surrounding SMB/CIFS, file sharing, and print services in a mixed environment.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 02 Feb 2011
Five simple ways to tune your LAMP application
The Linux, Apache, MySQL, and PHP (LAMP) architecture is one of the most popular choices for web server architectures in use today. Author John Mertic examines five things every LAMP application should take advantage of for optimum performance.
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 25 Jan 2011
Platform emulation with Bochs
Bochs, like QEMU, is a portable emulator that provides a virtualization environment in which to run an operating system using an emulated platform in the context of another operating system. Bochs isn't a hypervisor but rather a PC-compatible emulator useful for legacy software. Learn about platform emulation using Bochs and its approach to hardware emulation.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 25 Jan 2011
Create an IBM Cloud instance with the Linux command line
Learn how to use the command line from Linux to create an instance in the IBM SmartCloud Enterprise environment. The author also shows you how to create multiple instances with a simple script.
Also available in: Korean   Japanese  
Articles 24 Jan 2011
Run ZFS on Linux
Although ZFS exists in an operating system whose future is at risk, it is easily one of the most advanced, feature-rich file systems in existence. It incorporates variable block sizes, compression, encryption, de-duplication, snapshots, clones, and (as the name implies) support for massive capacities. Get to know the concepts behind ZFS and learn how you can use ZFS today on Linux using Filesystem in Userspace (FUSE).
Also available in: Korean  
Articles 19 Jan 2011
Scripting the Linux desktop, Part 1: Basics
This series of articles explores how to use Python to create scripts for the GNOME desktop, the screenlets framework, and Nautilus to deliver a highly productive environment. Scripts on the desktop enable drag-and-drop functionality and quick access to the information and services you commonly use. In this installment, learn how to build a desktop application using the screenlets widget toolkit.
Also available in: Korean   Portuguese  
Articles 18 Jan 2011
High availability apps in the IBM Cloud
The new features of the IBM Cloud enable application developers and architects to eliminate single points of failures in applications. This article provides a detailed guide on those features. It includes a discussion of the approach the IBM Cloud takes (added support for virtual IP addresses); how to prepare your cloud instances to take advantage of this feature; how to set up a highly available website; and how to test that site.
Also available in: Chinese   Japanese   Vietnamese   Portuguese  
Articles 10 Jan 2011
Learn Linux, 101: Runlevels, shutdown, and reboot
Learn to shut down or reboot your Linux system, warn users that the system is going down, and switch to a more or less restrictive runlevel. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn about shutting down, rebooting, and changing runlevels.
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese   Portuguese  
Articles 05 Jan 2011
Booting Linux on the BeagleBoard-xM
BeagleBoard.org recently introduced BeagleBoard revision xM, a new edition of the highly successful open-hardware BeagleBoard currently at revision C. This article describes the necessary environment and steps for booting Linux on the BeagleBoard-xM with Angstrom Linux, Android, and Ubuntu.
Also available in: Korean   Portuguese  
Articles 14 Dec 2010
Learn Linux, 101: Manage file permissions and ownership
Learn to manage file ownership and permissions on your Linux filesystems. Learn about access modes such as suid, sgid, and the sticky bit and how to use them to enhance security. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn about file ownership, permissions, and security.
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese  
Articles 30 Nov 2010
Learn Linux, 101: Manage disk quotas
Learn to set and check disk quotas on your Linux filesystems to prevent individual users from using more space than allowed and to prevent whole filesystems from filling up unexpectedly. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn about quotas.
Also available in: Korean   Russian   Japanese  
Articles 30 Nov 2010
Network file systems and Linux
Network File System (NFS) has been around since 1984, but it continues to evolve and provide the basis for distributed file systems. Today, NFS (through the pNFS extension) provides scalable access to files distributed across a network. Explore the ideas behind distributed file systems and in particular, recent advances in NFS.
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Articles 10 Nov 2010
Automate virtual machine discovery and self-connectivity
In a virtual data center the deployment and the dismissal of complex appliances require that multiple configuration steps be executed. Reconfiguration requirements include establishing and removing communication between different components of the same product running in different virtual machines (VMs) as well as different products running in different VMs. Traditionally this process has been burdensomely manual or somewhat inflexible via the invoking of predefined scripts with static values. In this article, the authors propose StereoCable, automated plug-and-play support of complex virtual appliances in a virtual data center, to solve this issue. This way VMs are able to discover and automatically connect to each other based on predefined connections policies.
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Articles 01 Nov 2010
Virtual networking in Linux
With the explosive growth of platform virtualization, it's not surprising that other parts of the enterprise ecosystem are being virtualized, as well. One of the more recent areas is virtual networking. Early implementations of platform virtualization created virtual NICs, but today, larger portions of the network are being virtualized, such as switches that support communication among VMs on a server or distributed among servers. Explore the ideas behind virtual networking, with a focus on NIC and switch virtualization.
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Articles 27 Oct 2010
Migrate your Linux application to the Amazon cloud, Part 4: Conquering administrative challenges
Up to now, you have moved your application to the cloud and can enable and disable resources automatically in response to demand. In this article, the fourth in a series on migrating a Linux application to the Amazon cloud, learn how to keep this changing environment under control so that it supports your application and business.
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Articles 27 Oct 2010
Port Perl scripts from Solaris to Linux
Although the Perl language is portable among platforms, most of the scripts used for system administration leverage platform-specific resources. And scripts meant for Solaris might use Solaris-specific pathnames and system commands that may have not equivalents on Linux. This article gives you a roadmap for "code remediation" to help you port a Perl script from Solaris to Linux when direct mapping isn't available.
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Articles 20 Oct 2010
Learn Linux, 101: Control mounting and unmounting of filesystems
Learn to mount your Linux filesystems; configure and use removable USB, IEE 1394, or other devices; and properly access floppy disks, CDs, and DVDs. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn about accessing Linux filesystems.
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Articles 20 Oct 2010
Migrate your Linux application to the Amazon cloud, Part 3: Building scalability
If you've followed the series to this point, our sample Linux application has been migrated to the cloud, and we've configured some basic reliability features. In this article, the third in the series on migrating an application to the Amazon cloud, it's time to take advantage of the dynamic nature of the cloud by growing and shrinking the infrastructure in response to load and to push some of the static assets to the edge of the cloud.
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Articles 06 Oct 2010
Kernel logging: APIs and implementation
In kernel development, we useprintk for logging without much thought. But have you considered the process and underlying implementation of kernel logging? Explore the entire process of kernel logging, from printk to insertion into the user space log file.
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Articles 30 Sep 2010
Monitor Linux file system events with inotify
Use inotify when you need efficient, fine-grained, asynchronous monitoring of Linux file system events. Use it for user-space monitoring for security, performance, or other purposes. (On 10 September 2010, the downloadable sample code for this article was refreshed to correct a typo. - Ed.)
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Articles 10 Sep 2010
Resizing Linux partitions, Part 2: Advanced resizing
Linux systems are often installed on multiple partitions, each of which has a fixed size. As your needs change, though, it is often necessary to resize partitions to suit your changing needs. Several tools exist to do this in Linux, but there are a number of potential pitfalls and restrictions that can make the task more difficult than it might at first seem. This article covers advanced partition resizing issues, including using Logical Volume Management (LVM) features, troubleshooting, and alternatives to partition resizing. Part 1 of this series covered basic partition resizing.
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Articles 01 Sep 2010
Porting Perl To Python
Porting legacy Perl to Python can be a daunting task. In this article, learn some of the theory behind dealing with legacy code, including what not to do.
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Articles 01 Sep 2010
Avoiding memory leaks in POSIX thread programming
POSIX thread (pthread) programming defines a standard set of C programming language types, functions, and constants--and pthreads provide a powerful tool for thread management. To use pthreads to the fullest, you'll want to avoid the common mistakes. One common mistake is forgetting to join joinable threads, which can create memory leaks and cause extra work. In this tips-oriented article, learn the basics of POSIX threads, see how to identify and detect thread memory leaks, and get solid advice for avoiding them.
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Articles 25 Aug 2010
Learn Linux, 101: Maintain the integrity of filesystems
Learn how to check the integrity of your Linux filesystems, monitor free space, and fix simple problems. Use the material in this article to study for the Linux Professional Institute (LPI) 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification--or just to check your filesystems and keep them in good working order, especially after a system crash or power loss.
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Articles 24 Aug 2010
Ubuntu Linux solution stack implementation, Part 2: Solution stack download and installation
Learn how to download and install Rational Application Developer for WebSphere, DB2 Express-C, and a few other third party packages to get the solution stack up and running. This 4-part demo series shows you how to implement the solution stack (Rational Application Developer, WebSphere Application Server, and DB2 Express-C) on Ubuntu Linux, and how to integrate them in a Java application.
Demos 17 Aug 2010
Ubuntu Linux solution stack implementation, Part 3: Demo application
Learn how to configure and setup Rational Application Developer, create a WebSphere profile, create a database in DB2 Express-C, and perform a test run on the solution stack. This 4-part demo series shows you how to implement the solution stack (Rational Appli-ation Developer, WebSphere Application Server, and DB2 Express-C) on Ubuntu Linux, and how to integrate them in a Java application.
Demos 17 Aug 2010
Ubuntu Linux solution stack implementation, Part 4: Solution stack setup and integration
Part 4 of this demo series shows you how to import the Java servlet application files into the Rational Application Developer workspace, edit a few classes, and deploy the application on a WebSphere Application Server. Finally, you get to see the solution stack work in a real life scenario. This 4-part demo series shows you how to implement the solution stack (Rational Application Developer, WebSphere Application Server, and DB2 Express-C) on Ubuntu Linux, and how to integrate them in a Java application.
Demos 17 Aug 2010
User space memory access from the Linux kernel
As the kernel and user space exist in different virtual address spaces, there are special considerations for moving data between them. Explore the ideas behind virtual address spaces and the kernel APIs for data movement to and from user space, and learn some of the other mapping techniques used to map memory.
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Articles 11 Aug 2010
Resizing Linux partitions, Part 1: Basics
Linux systems are often installed on multiple partitions, each of which has a fixed size. As your needs change, though, it is often necessary to resize partitions to suit your changing needs. Several tools exist to do this in Linux, but there are a number of potential pitfalls and restrictions that can make the task more difficult than it might seem at first. This article guides you through the task of resizing Linux partitions, beginning with basic preparations and moving on to common resizing scenarios using graphical user interface (GUI) tools.
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Articles 11 Aug 2010
High availability with the Distributed Replicated Block Device
The 2.6.33 Linux kernel has introduced a useful new service called the Distributed Replicated Block Device (DRBD). This service mirrors an entire block device to another networked host during run time, permitting the development of high-availability clusters for block data. Explore the ideas behind the DRBD and its implementation in the Linux kernel.
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Articles 04 Aug 2010
Migrate your Linux application to the Amazon cloud, Part 2: Improving application reliability
In this article, the second in a series on migrating a Linux application to the Amazon cloud, learn how to make your application more robust by employing a load balancer and persistent disk. You'll use multiple servers and learn how to safely back up your data.
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Articles 03 Aug 2010
Speaking UNIX: Get to know Ksplice
Ksplice applies kernel patches on-the-fly - no reboot required - in a fraction of a second. Here's a hands-on guide to performing painless system updates.
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Articles 27 Jul 2010
Ubuntu Linux solution stack implementation, Part 1: Introduction to the UNIX environment
Learn how to download and install a Ubuntu image and then go through some basic shell commands to help you navigate through the UNIX environment. This is part 1 of a 4 part demo series to show you how to implement a solution stack (Rational Application Developer, WebSphere Application Server, and DB2 Express-C) on Ubuntu Linux, as well as how to integrate them in a Java application.
Demos 26 Jul 2010
Add your own GIMP features
The GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP) is a robust application for editing and manipulating digital images. Because it's open source software, any developer is allowed to modify and extend it with even more features. In this article, you will learn how to get started with the GIMP code, how to build the project from the Git repositories, and how to find your way around the code tree. And you will build an example application that creates a whole new painting tool for the program.
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Articles 20 Jul 2010
Distributed data processing with Hadoop, Part 3: Application development
With configuration, installation, and the use of Hadoop in single- and multinode architectures under your belt, you can now turn to the task of developing applications within the Hadoop infrastructure. This final article in the series explores the Hadoop APIs and data flow and demonstrates their use with a simple mapper and reducer application.
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Articles 14 Jul 2010
Migrate your Linux application to the Amazon cloud, Part 1: Initial migration
Cloud computing and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) are well documented, but what's often not discussed is how to get a running application into a cloud environment. In this series, discover how to move an application into the cloud and take advantage of the features this setup has to offer. In Part 1, see a straight migration from one physical server to a cloud server.
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Articles 13 Jul 2010
Learn Linux, 101: Create partitions and filesystems
Learn how to create partitions on a disk drive and how to format them for use on a Linux system as swap or data space. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to learn about partitions and Linux filesystems for your own use.
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Articles 12 Jul 2010
Learn Linux, 101: Find and place system files
Learn the correct location for files under the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) on a Linux system and learn how to find important files and commands. You can use the material in this article to study for the LPI 101 exam for Linux system administrator certification, or just to explore file organization and management.
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Articles 09 Jun 2010
Distributed data processing with Hadoop, Part 2: Going further
The first article in this series showed how to use Hadoop in a single-node cluster. This article continues with a more advanced setup that uses multiple nodes for parallel processing. It demonstrates the various node types required for multinode clusters and explores MapReduce functionality in a parallel environment. This article also digs into the management aspects of Hadoop -- both command line and Web based.
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Articles 03 Jun 2010


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