NFKB1
Nuclear factor NF-kappa-B p105 subunit is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NFKB1 gene.[1]
This gene encodes a 105 kD protein which can undergo cotranslational processing by the 26S proteasome to produce a 50 kD protein. The 105 kD protein is a Rel protein-specific transcription inhibitor and the 50 kD protein is a DNA binding subunit of the NF-kappaB (NF-κB) protein complex. NF-κB is a transcription factor that is activated by various intra- and extra-cellular stimuli such as cytokines, oxidant-free radicals, ultraviolet irradiation, and bacterial or viral products. Activated NF-κB translocates into the nucleus and stimulates the expression of genes involved in a wide variety of biological functions; over 200 known genes are targets of NF-κB in various cell types, under specific conditions. Inappropriate activation of NF-κB has been associated with a number of inflammatory diseases while persistent inhibition of NF-κB leads to inappropriate immune cell development or delayed cell growth.[2]
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[edit] Interactions
NFKB1 has been shown to interact with NFKBIE,[3] IKK2,[4][5] MAP3K7IP2,[6] STAT6,[7] ITGB3BP,[8] IκBα,[9][10] NFKB2,[11] RELA,[11][12] RELB,[11] TSC22D3,[13] NOTCH1,[14][15] HDAC1,[16] LYL1,[17] BCL3,[5][18][19] STAT3,[20] MAP3K8,[11][21] MEN1,[22] Nuclear receptor coactivator 1[23][24] and HMGA2.[25]
[edit] References
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- ^ "Entrez Gene: NF-κB nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (p105)". http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=4790.
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- ^ Zhong, Haihong; May Michael J, Jimi Eijiro, Ghosh Sankar (Mar. 2002). "The phosphorylation status of nuclear NF-kappa B determines its association with CBP/p300 or HDAC-1". Mol. Cell (United States) 9 (3): 625–36. doi:10.1016/S1097-2765(02)00477-X. ISSN 1097-2765. PMID 11931769.
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- ^ Thornburg, Natalie J; Pathmanathan Rajadurai, Raab-Traub Nancy (Dec. 2003). "Activation of nuclear factor-kappaB p50 homodimer/Bcl-3 complexes in nasopharyngeal carcinoma". Cancer Res. (United States) 63 (23): 8293–301. ISSN 0008-5472. PMID 14678988.
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- ^ Yu, Zhiyuan; Zhang Wenzheng, Kone Bruce C (Oct. 2002). "Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) inhibits transcription of the inducible nitric oxide synthase gene by interacting with nuclear factor kappaB". Biochem. J. (England) 367 (Pt 1): 97–105. doi:10.1042/BJ20020588. ISSN 0264-6021. PMC 1222853. PMID 12057007. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=1222853.
- ^ Belich, M P; Salmerón A, Johnston L H, Ley S C (Jan. 1999). "TPL-2 kinase regulates the proteolysis of the NF-kappaB-inhibitory protein NF-kappaB1 p105". Nature (ENGLAND) 397 (6717): 363–8. doi:10.1038/16946. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 9950430.
- ^ Heppner, C; Bilimoria K Y, Agarwal S K, Kester M, Whitty L J, Guru S C, Chandrasekharappa S C, Collins F S, Spiegel A M, Marx S J, Burns A L (Aug. 2001). "The tumor suppressor protein menin interacts with NF-kappaB proteins and inhibits NF-kappaB-mediated transactivation". Oncogene (England) 20 (36): 4917–25. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1204529. ISSN 0950-9232. PMID 11526476.
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- ^ Na, S Y; Lee S K, Han S J, Choi H S, Im S Y, Lee J W (May. 1998). "Steroid receptor coactivator-1 interacts with the p50 subunit and coactivates nuclear factor kappaB-mediated transactivations". J. Biol. Chem. (UNITED STATES) 273 (18): 10831–4. doi:10.1074/jbc.273.18.10831. ISSN 0021-9258. PMID 9556555.
- ^ Noro, Barbara; Licheri Barbara, Sgarra Riccardo, Rustighi Alessandra, Tessari Michela A, Chau Kai-Yin, Ono Santa Jeremy, Giancotti Vincenzo, Manfioletti Guidalberto (Apr. 2003). "Molecular dissection of the architectural transcription factor HMGA2". Biochemistry (United States) 42 (15): 4569–77. doi:10.1021/bi026605k. ISSN 0006-2960. PMID 12693954.
- This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.
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[edit] Further reading
- Baldwin AS (1996). "The NF-kappa B and I kappa B proteins: new discoveries and insights.". Annu. Rev. Immunol. 14: 649–83. doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.14.1.649. PMID 8717528.
- Snásel J, Pichová I (1997). "The cleavage of host cell proteins by HIV-1 protease.". Folia Biol. (Praha) 42 (5): 227–30. doi:10.1007/BF02818986. PMID 8997639.
- Chen F, Castranova V, Shi X, Demers LM (1999). "New insights into the role of nuclear factor-kappaB, a ubiquitous transcription factor in the initiation of diseases.". Clin. Chem. 45 (1): 7–17. PMID 9895331.
- Bottex-Gauthier C, Pollet S, Favier A, Vidal DR (2002). "[The Rel/NF-kappa-B transcription factors: complex role in cell regulation]". Pathol. Biol. 50 (3): 204–11. PMID 11980335.
- Garg A, Aggarwal BB (2002). "Nuclear transcription factor-kappaB as a target for cancer drug development.". Leukemia 16 (6): 1053–68. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402482. PMID 12040437.
- Sun Z, Andersson R (2003). "NF-kappaB activation and inhibition: a review.". Shock 18 (2): 99–106. doi:10.1097/00024382-200208000-00001. PMID 12166787.
- Mercurio AM (2003). "Invasive skin carcinoma--Ras and alpha6beta4 integrin lead the way.". Cancer Cell 3 (3): 201–2. doi:10.1016/S1535-6108(03)00049-7. PMID 12676577.
- Sun SC, Xiao G (2004). "Deregulation of NF-kappaB and its upstream kinases in cancer.". Cancer Metastasis Rev. 22 (4): 405–22. doi:10.1023/A:1023733231406. PMID 12884915.
- Kucharczak J, Simmons MJ, Fan Y, Gélinas C (2004). "To be, or not to be: NF-kappaB is the answer--role of Rel/NF-kappaB in the regulation of apoptosis.". Oncogene 22 (56): 8961–82. doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1207230. PMID 14663476.
- Suh J, Rabson AB (2004). "NF-kappaB activation in human prostate cancer: important mediator or epiphenomenon?". J. Cell. Biochem. 91 (1): 100–17. doi:10.1002/jcb.10729. PMID 14689584.
- Muthumani K, Desai BM, Hwang DS, et al. (2004). "HIV-1 Vpr and anti-inflammatory activity.". DNA Cell Biol. 23 (4): 239–47. doi:10.1089/104454904773819824. PMID 15142381.
- Schmitz ML, Mattioli I, Buss H, Kracht M (2005). "NF-kappaB: a multifaceted transcription factor regulated at several levels.". Chembiochem 5 (10): 1348–58. doi:10.1002/cbic.200400144. PMID 15457532.
- Pise-Masison CA, Brady JN (2006). "Setting the stage for transformation: HTLV-1 Tax inhibition of p53 function.". Front. Biosci. 10: 919–30. doi:10.2741/1586. PMID 15569630.
- Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection.". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87–94. doi:10.2174/1570162052773013. PMID 15638726.
- Le Rouzic E, Benichou S (2006). "The Vpr protein from HIV-1: distinct roles along the viral life cycle.". Retrovirology 2: 11. doi:10.1186/1742-4690-2-11. PMC 554975. PMID 15725353. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=554975.
- Zhao RY, Elder RT (2005). "Viral infections and cell cycle G2/M regulation.". Cell Res. 15 (3): 143–9. doi:10.1038/sj.cr.7290279. PMID 15780175.
- Zhao RY, Bukrinsky M, Elder RT (2005). "HIV-1 viral protein R (Vpr) & host cellular responses.". Indian J. Med. Res. 121 (4): 270–86. PMID 15817944.
- Muthumani K, Choo AY, Hwang DS, et al. (2006). "HIV-1 Vpr: enhancing sensitivity of tumors to apoptosis.". Current drug delivery 1 (4): 335–44. doi:10.2174/1567201043334614. PMID 16305395.
- Courtois G, Smahi A (2006). "NF-kappaB-related genetic diseases.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 843–51. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401841. PMID 16397577.
- Mattson MP, Meffert MK (2006). "Roles for NF-kappaB in nerve cell survival, plasticity, and disease.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 852–60. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401837. PMID 16397579.
- Schmitz ML, Krappmann D (2006). "Controlling NF-kappaB activation in T cells by costimulatory receptors.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 834–42. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401845. PMID 16410801.
- Janssens S, Tschopp J (2006). "Signals from within: the DNA-damage-induced NF-kappaB response.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 773–84. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401843. PMID 16410802.
- Perkins ND, Gilmore TD (2006). "Good cop, bad cop: the different faces of NF-kappaB.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 759–72. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401838. PMID 16410803.
- Weil R, Israël A (2006). "Deciphering the pathway from the TCR to NF-kappaB.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 826–33. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401856. PMID 16439988.
- Kim HJ, Hawke N, Baldwin AS (2006). "NF-kappaB and IKK as therapeutic targets in cancer.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 738–47. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401877. PMID 16485028.
- Braun T, Carvalho G, Fabre C, et al. (2006). "Targeting NF-kappaB in hematologic malignancies.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 748–58. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401874. PMID 16498458.
- Bottero V, Withoff S, Verma IM (2006). "NF-kappaB and the regulation of hematopoiesis.". Cell Death Differ. 13 (5): 785–97. doi:10.1038/sj.cdd.4401888. PMID 16528384.
- Xiao G (2007). "Autophagy and NF-kappaB: fight for fate.". Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18 (3-4): 233–43. doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2007.04.006. PMC 2810660. PMID 17485237. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2810660.
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