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Cell type

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A cell type is a distinct morphological or functional form of cell. When a cell switches state from one cell type to another, it undergoes cellular differentiation. A list of distinct cell types in the adult human body may include several hundred distinct types.^[1]^[2]

[edit] References

^ Molecular Biology of the Cell, Fourth Edition, Bruce Alberts, Alexander Johnson, Julian Lewis, Martin Raff, Keith Roberts, Peter Walter
^ ines.de/cope.cgi COPE database

Human cell types / list derived primarily from ectoderm

Surface ectoderm

Integumentary system	Trichocyte · Keratinocyte

Nervous system	anterior pituitary (Gonadotrope, Corticotrope, Thyrotrope, Somatotrope, Lactotroph )

Endocrine system	Chromaffin cell · Parafollicular cell

Integumentary system	Melanoblast → Melanocyte (Nevus cell) Merkel cell

Teeth	Odontoblast · Cementoblast

Nervous system	glia: Schwann cell · Satellite glial cell

Eyes	Corneal keratocyte

Digestive system	Enterochromaffin cell

Nervous system
(Neural stem cell)

Neuroblast	Neuron

Glioblast	Oligodendrocyte progenitor → Oligodendrocyte · Astrocyte · Ependymal cell · Pinealocyte

Human cell types / list derived primarily from endoderm

Pneumocyte (Type I pneumocyte, Type II pneumocyte) · Clara cell · Goblet cell

Stomach	enteroendocrine: G cell · D cell · ECL cell exocrine: Gastric chief cell · Parietal cell Foveolar cell

Intestine	enteroendocrine: K cell · S cell · D cell · I cell Goblet cell · Paneth cell Enterocyte (Microfold cell)

Liver	Hepatocyte · Hepatic stellate cell · (Kupffer cell from mesoderm)

Gallbladder	Cholecystocyte

Exocrine pancreas	Centroacinar cell · Pancreatic stellate cell

endocrine pancreas (alpha cell, beta cell, delta cell, PP cell, epsilon cell)

Pharyngeal pouch

thyroid (Follicular cell) · parathyroid (Parathyroid chief cell, Oxyphil cell)

Urothelial cells

Human cell types / list derived primarily from mesoderm

Cartilage/bone/
muscle
(MSC)

OCP	bone: Osteoblast → Osteocyte cartilage: Chondroblast → Chondrocyte

Myofibroblast	Fibroblast → Fibrocyte muscle: Myoblast → Myocyte · Myosatellite cell · Tendon cell · Cardiac muscle cell adipose: Lipoblast → Adipocyte

Digestive system

Interstitial cell of Cajal


Urinary system (RSC)	Angioblast → Endothelial cell · Mesangial cell (Intraglomerular, Extraglomerular) · Juxtaglomerular cell · Macula densa cell Stromal cell → Interstitial cell → Telocytes Simple epithelial cell → Podocyte · Kidney proximal tubule brush border cell

Reproductive system	Sertoli cell · Leydig cell · Granulosa cell · Peg cell · (spermatozoon and ovum are germ cells)

Lateral plate/
hemangioblast

Blood/immune
(HSC)

Lymphoid (CFU-L)	see lymphocytes

Myeloid (CFU-GEMM)	see myeloid cells

Circulatory system

Endothelial progenitor cell · Endothelial stem cell · Angioblast/Mesoangioblast · Pericyte · Mural cell

anat(c/f/k/f, u, t/p, l)/phys/devp/cell

noco/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(M5)

anat/phys/devp/cell

noco/acba/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, urte

proc/itvp, drug (G4B), blte, urte

anat(a:h/u/t/a/l,v:h/u/t/a/l)/phys/devp/cell/prot

noco/syva/cong/lyvd/tumr, sysi/epon, injr

proc, drug(C2s+n/3/4/5/7/8/9)

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