List of elements

The following is a table of chemical elements ordered by density and color coded according to type of element. Given is each element's name, element symbol, group and period, atomic weight (or most stable isotope), and certain chemical properties. This list of the elements and their properties is intended as a quick reference. Please check additional sources for discussions of uncertainties in individual properties, notably atomic weights. Where possible, data is sourced from the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).

Key

Additional notes

• Density numbers use IUPAC's "Standard conditions for temperature and pressure" unless otherwise noted.
• The Wikipedia articles for the individual elements should provide data in agreement with this table.

Chemical series legend

Element categories in the periodic table

Metals	Metalloids	Nonmetals	Unknown chemical properties
Alkali metals	Alkaline earth metals	Inner transition metals	Transition metals	Post-transition metals	Other nonmetals	Halogens	Noble gases
Lanthanides	Actinides

Guide to column titles

Z is Atomic number. Sym is Atomic symbol. Name is the name of the element. Grp is the Group. Prd is the Period. Weight is the Atomic weight in Atomic mass units, with measurement uncertainty in parentheses (see Uncertainty#Measurements). Density is in grams per cubic centimeter. Melt is melting point in Kelvin. Boil is boiling point in Kelvin. Heat is specific heat capacity in Joules per gram-Kelvin. Neg is Electronegativity. Abund is Abundance of elements in Earth's crust in ppm by weight.

List

Z	Sym	Name	Group	Prd	Weight	Density	Melt	Boil	Heat	Neg	Abund
1	H	Hydrogen	1	1	001 !1.00794(7)	0.00008988	14.175	20.28	14.304	2.20	1400
2	He	Helium	18	1	004 !4.002602(2)	0.0001785	-	4.22	5.193	-	0.008
3	Li	Lithium	1	2	007 !6.941(2)	0.534	453.85	1615	3.582	0.98	20
4	Be	Beryllium	2	2	009 !9.012182(3)	1.85	1560.15	2742	1.825	1.57	2.8
5	B	Boron	13	2	011 !10.811(7)	2.34	2573.15	4200	1.026	2.04	10
6	C	Carbon	14	2	012 !12.0107(8)	2.267	3948.15	4300	0.709	2.55	200
7	N	Nitrogen	15	2	014 !14.0067(2)	0.0012506	63.29	77.36	1.04	3.04	19
8	O	Oxygen	16	2	016 !15.9994(3)	0.001429	50.5	90.20	0.918	3.44	461000
9	F	Fluorine	17	2	019 !18.9984032(5)	0.001696	53.63	85.03	0.824	3.98	585
10	Ne	Neon	18	2	020 !20.1797(6)	0.0008999	24.703	27.07	1.03	-	0.005
11	Na	Sodium	1	3	023 !22.98976928(2)	0.971	371.15	1156	1.228	0.93	23600
12	Mg	Magnesium	2	3	024 !24.3050(6)	1.738	923.15	1363	1.023	1.31	23300
13	Al	Aluminium	13	3	027 !26.9815386(8)	2.698	933.4	2792	0.897	1.61	82300
14	Si	Silicon	14	3	028 !28.0855(3)	2.3296	1683.15	3538	0.705	1.9	282000
15	P	Phosphorus	15	3	031 !30.973762(2)	1.82	317.25	553	0.769	2.19	1050
16	S	Sulfur	16	3	032 !32.065(5)	2.067	388.51	717.8	0.71	2.58	350
17	Cl	Chlorine	17	3	035 !35.453(2)	0.003214	172.31	239.11	0.479	3.16	145
18	Ar	Argon	18	3	040 !39.948(1)	0.0017837	83.96	87.30	0.52	-	3.5
19	K	Potassium	1	4	039 !39.0983(1)	0.862	336.5	1032	0.757	0.82	20900
20	Ca	Calcium	2	4	041 !40.078(4)	1.54	1112.15	1757	0.647	1	41500
21	Sc	Scandium	3	4	045 !44.955912(6)	2.989	1812.15	3109	0.568	1.36	22
22	Ti	Titanium	4	4	048 !47.867(1)	4.54	1933.15	3560	0.523	1.54	5650
23	V	Vanadium	5	4	051 !50.9415(1)	6.11	2175.15	3680	0.489	1.63	120
24	Cr	Chromium	6	4	052 !51.9961(6)	7.15	2130.15	2944	0.449	1.66	102
25	Mn	Manganese	7	4	055 !54.938045(5)	7.44	1519.15	2334	0.479	1.55	950
26	Fe	Iron	8	4	056 !55.845(2)	7.874	1808.15	3134	0.449	1.83	56300
27	Co	Cobalt	9	4	059 !58.933195(5)	8.86	1768.15	3200	0.421	1.88	25
28	Ni	Nickel	10	4	058 !58.6934(4)	8.912	1726.15	3186	0.444	1.91	84
29	Cu	Copper	11	4	064 !63.546(3)	8.96	1357.75	2835	0.385	1.9	60
30	Zn	Zinc	12	4	065 !65.38(2)	7.134	692.88	1180	0.388	1.65	70
31	Ga	Gallium	13	4	070 !69.723(1)	5.907	302.91	2477	0.371	1.81	19
32	Ge	Germanium	14	4	073 !72.64(1)	5.323	1211.45	3106	0.32	2.01	1.5
33	As	Arsenic	15	4	075 !74.92160(2)	5.776	1090.15	887	0.329	2.18	1.8
34	Se	Selenium	16	4	079 !78.96(3)	4.809	494.15	958	0.321	2.55	0.05
35	Br	Bromine	17	4	080 !79.904(1)	3.122	266.05	332.0	0.474	2.96	2.4
36	Kr	Krypton	18	4	084 !83.798(2)	0.003733	115.93	119.93	0.248	3	<0.001
37	Rb	Rubidium	1	5	085 !85.4678(3)	1.532	312.79	961	0.363	0.82	90
38	Sr	Strontium	2	5	087 !87.62(1)	2.64	1042.15	1655	0.301	0.95	370
39	Y	Yttrium	3	5	089 !88.90585(2)	4.469	1799.15	3609	0.298	1.22	33
40	Zr	Zirconium	4	5	091 !91.224(2)	6.506	2125.15	4682	0.278	1.33	165
41	Nb	Niobium	5	5	093 !92.90638(2)	8.57	2741.15	5017	0.265	1.6	20
42	Mo	Molybdenum	6	5	096 !95.96(2)	10.22	2890.15	4912	0.251	2.16	1.2
43	Tc	Technetium	7	5	098 ![98]	11.5	2473.15	5150	-	1.9	<0.001
44	Ru	Ruthenium	8	5	101.07(2)	12.37	2523.15	4423	0.238	2.2	0.001
45	Rh	Rhodium	9	5	102.90550(2)	12.41	2239.15	3968	0.243	2.28	0.001
46	Pd	Palladium	10	5	106.42(1)	12.02	1825.15	3236	0.244	2.2	0.015
47	Ag	Silver	11	5	107.8682(2)	10.501	1234.15	2435	0.235	1.93	0.075
48	Cd	Cadmium	12	5	112.411(8)	8.69	594.33	1040	0.232	1.69	0.159
49	In	Indium	13	5	114.818(3)	7.31	429.91	2345	0.233	1.78	0.25
50	Sn	Tin	14	5	118.710(7)	7.287	505.21	2875	0.228	1.96	2.3
51	Sb	Antimony	15	5	121.760(1)	6.685	904.05	1860	0.207	2.05	0.2
52	Te	Tellurium	16	5	127.60(3)	6.232	722.8	1261	0.202	2.1	0.001
53	I	Iodine	17	5	126.90447(3)	4.93	386.65	457.4	0.214	2.66	0.45
54	Xe	Xenon	18	5	131.293(6)	0.005887	161.45	165.03	0.158	2.6	<0.001
55	Cs	Caesium	1	6	132.9054519(2)	1.873	301.7	944	0.242	0.79	3
56	Ba	Barium	2	6	137.327(7)	3.594	1002.15	2170	0.204	0.89	425
57	La	Lanthanum		6	138.90547(7)	6.145	1193.15	3737	0.195	1.1	39
58	Ce	Cerium		6	140.116(1)	6.77	1071.15	3716	0.192	1.12	66.5
59	Pr	Praseodymium		6	140.90765(2)	6.773	1204.15	3793	0.193	1.13	9.2
60	Nd	Neodymium		6	144.242(3)	7.007	1289.15	3347	0.19	1.14	41.5
61	Pm	Promethium		6	145 ![145]	7.26	1204.15	3273	-	-	<0.001
62	Sm	Samarium		6	150.36(2)	7.52	1345.15	2067	0.197	1.17	7.05
63	Eu	Europium		6	151.964(1)	5.243	1095.15	1802	0.182	1.2	2
64	Gd	Gadolinium		6	157.25(3)	7.895	1585.15	3546	0.236	1.2	6.2
65	Tb	Terbium		6	158.92535(2)	8.229	1630.15	3503	0.182	1.2	1.2
66	Dy	Dysprosium		6	162.500(1)	8.55	1680.15	2840	0.17	1.22	5.2
67	Ho	Holmium		6	164.93032(2)	8.795	1743.15	2993	0.165	1.23	1.3
68	Er	Erbium		6	167.259(3)	9.066	1795.15	3503	0.168	1.24	3.5
69	Tm	Thulium		6	168.93421(2)	9.321	1818.15	2223	0.16	1.25	0.52
70	Yb	Ytterbium		6	173.054(5)	6.965	1097.15	1469	0.155	1.1	3.2
71	Lu	Lutetium	3	6	174.9668(1)	9.84	1936.15	3675	0.154	1.27	0.8
72	Hf	Hafnium	4	6	178.49(2)	13.31	2500.15	4876	0.144	1.3	3
73	Ta	Tantalum	5	6	180.94788(2)	16.654	3269.15	5731	0.14	1.5	2
74	W	Tungsten	6	6	183.84(1)	19.25	3680.15	5828	0.132	2.36	1.3
75	Re	Rhenium	7	6	186.207(1)	21.02	3453.15	5869	0.137	1.9	<0.001
76	Os	Osmium	8	6	190.23(3)	22.61	3300.15	5285	0.13	2.2	0.002
77	Ir	Iridium	9	6	192.217(3)	22.56	2716.15	4701	0.131	2.2	0.001
78	Pt	Platinum	10	6	195.084(9)	21.46	2045.15	4098	0.133	2.28	0.005
79	Au	Gold	11	6	196.966569(4)	19.282	1337.73	3129	0.129	2.54	0.004
80	Hg	Mercury	12	6	200.59(2)	13.5336	234.43	630	0.14	2	0.085
81	Tl	Thallium	13	6	204.3833(2)	11.85	577.15	1746	0.129	1.62	0.85
82	Pb	Lead	14	6	207.2(1)	11.342	600.75	2022	0.129	2.33	14
83	Bi	Bismuth	15	6	208.98040(1)	9.807	544.67	1837	0.122	2.02	0.009
84	Po	Polonium	16	6	210 ![210]	9.32	527.15	1235	-	2	<0.001
85	At	Astatine	17	6	210 ![210]	7	575.15	610	-	2.2	<0.001
86	Rn	Radon	18	6	222 ![222]	0.00973	202.15	211.3	0.094	-	<0.001
87	Fr	Francium	1	7	223 ![223]	1.87	300.15	950	-	0.7	<0.001
88	Ra	Radium	2	7	223 ![226]	5.5	973.15	2010	-	0.9	<0.001
89	Ac	Actinium		7	227 ![227]	10.07	1323.15	3471	0.12	1.1	<0.001
90	Th	Thorium		7	232.03806(2)	11.72	2028.15	5061	0.113	1.3	9.6
91	Pa	Protactinium		7	231.03588(2)	15.37	1873.15	4300	-	1.5	<0.001
92	U	Uranium		7	238.02891(3)	18.95	1405.15	4404	0.116	1.38	2.7
93	Np	Neptunium		7	237 ![237]	20.45	913.15	4273	-	1.36	<0.001
94	Pu	Plutonium		7	244 ![244]	19.84	913.15	3501	-	1.28	<0.001
95	Am	Americium		7	243 ![243]	13.69	1267.15	2880	-	1.3	0
96	Cm	Curium		7	247 ![247]	13.51	1340.15	3383	-	1.3	0
97	Bk	Berkelium		7	247 ![247]	14.79	1259.15	983	-	1.3	0
98	Cf	Californium		7	251 ![251]	15.1	1925.15	1173	-	1.3	0
99	Es	Einsteinium		7	252 ![252]	13.5	1133.15	-	-	1.3	0
100	Fm	Fermium		7	257 ![257]	-	-	-	-	1.3	0
101	Md	Mendelevium		7	258 ![258]	-	-	-	-	1.3	0
102	No	Nobelium		7	259 ![259]	-	-	-	-	1.3	0
103	Lr	Lawrencium	3	7	262 ![262]	-	-	-	-	1.3	0
104	Rf	Rutherfordium	4	7	261 ![261]	18.1	-	-	-	-	0
105	Db	Dubnium	5	7	262 ![262]	39	-	-	-	-	0
106	Sg	Seaborgium	6	7	266 ![266]	35	-	-	-	-	0
107	Bh	Bohrium	7	7	264 ![264]	37	-	-	-	-	0
108	Hs	Hassium	8	7	267 ![267]	41	-	-	-	-	0
109	Mt	Meitnerium	9	7	268 ![268]	35	-	-	-	-	0
110	Ds	Darmstadtium	10	7	271 ![271]	-	-	-	-	-	0
111	Rg	Roentgenium	11	7	272 ![272]	-	-	-	-	-	0
112	Cn	Copernicium	12	7	285 ![285]	-	-	-	-	-	0
113	Uut	Ununtrium	13	7	284 ![284]	-	-	-	-	-	0
114	Uuq	Ununquadium	14	7	289 ![289]	-	-	-	-	-	0
115	Uup	Ununpentium	15	7	288 ![288]	-	-	-	-	-	0
116	Uuh	Ununhexium	16	7	292 ![292]	-	-	-	-	-	0
117	Uus	Ununseptium	17	7	295 ![295]	-	-	-	-	-	0
118	Uuo	Ununoctium	18	7	294 ![294]	-	-	-	-	-	0

See also

• List of chemical elements by atomic properties
• Fission products (by element)
• Timeline of chemical elements discoveries
• List of elements by symbol
• Chemical elements data references

Notes

• ^1 The element does not have any stable nuclides, and a value in brackets, e.g. [209], indicates the mass number of the longest-lived isotope of the element. However, three elements, thorium, protactinium, and uranium, have a characteristic terrestrial isotopic composition, and thus their standard atomic weights are given.
• ^2 The isotopic composition of this element varies in some geological specimens, and the variation may exceed the uncertainty stated in the table.
• ^3 The isotopic composition of the element can vary in commercial materials, which can cause the atomic weight to deviate significantly from the given value.
• ^4 The isotopic composition varies in terrestrial material such that a more precise atomic weight can not be given.
• ^5 The atomic weight of commercial lithium can vary between 6.939 and 6.996—analysis of the specific material is necessary to find a more accurate value.
• ^6 Does not solidify at 1 atm, even near absolute zero, but does at 2.5 MPa at 0.95K.
• ^7 Sublimes at 1 atm
• ^8 Transuranic elements 95 and above do not occur naturally, but can be produced artificially.

References

• M. E. Wieser (2006). "Atomic weights of the elements 2005 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. (IUPAC) 78 (11): 2051–2066. doi:10.1351/pac200678112051.  (for atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers from 1-102)
• M. E. Wieser (2007). "IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights Revised (2007)". IUPAC. http://old.iupac.org/news/archives/2007/atomic-weights_revised07.html. Retrieved 2008-07-07. 
• Sonzogni, Alejandro. "Interactive Chart of Nuclides". National Nuclear Data Center: Brookhaven National Laboratory. http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/. Retrieved 2008-06-06.  (for atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers 103-118)