Gheg Albanian
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Gheg)
"Geg" redirects here. For Spokane International Airport (IATA: GEG), see Spokane International Airport.
"Gheg" redirects here. For Preshevan dialect, see Preshevan Albanian.
| Gheg | |
|---|---|
| Spoken in | Albania, Kosovo, Republic of Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia (Preševo Valley), Turkey, Western Europe, USA and Brazil |
| Native speakers | 4,200,000 (date missing) |
| Language family |
Indo-European
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | aln |
| Linguasphere | 55-AAA-aaa to 55-AAA-aag |
|
Gheg (or Geg) is one of the two major varieties of Albanian. The other one is Tosk, on which standard Albanian is based. The dividing line between these two varieties is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania.
Gheg is spoken in Northern Albania, Kosovo, parts of the Republic of Macedonia, Turkey and Montenegro (Albanian: Mali i Zi), and by the Albanians of southern Serbia (mostly the cities of Preševo, Bujanovac, and Medveđa), (Albanian: Preshevë, Bujanovc, Medvegjë). It is also spoken in parts of Sicily and southern Italy.
Contents |
[edit] Subdialects
Gheg has several subdialects, notably:
- Southern Geg spoken in Albania (Durrës, Elbasan, Tiranë) and western Macedonia[1]
- Northwestern Gheg (Shkodër, Vermosh, Selcë, Vukël, Lëpushë, Nikç, Tamarë, Tuzi, Ulqin, Tivar, Plavë, Gucia, Pejë, Gjakovë, Prizren)
- Eastern Gheg (Peshkopi, Dibër, Tetovë, Gostivar, Velesi, Prilep)
- Northeastern Gheg (Shkupi, Kumanova, Kaçanik, Sharri, Gjilani, Preshevë, Bujanovc)
- Northern Gheg (Prishtinë, Mitrovicë), and former Albanian populated territories of Nish Sanjak (Nish, Vranjë, Toplicë).
- Preshevan Albanian (Preshevë, Bujanoc)
[edit] Phonology
[edit] Vowels
[edit] Oral
| IPA | Written as |
|---|---|
| [ə] | ë (nër) |
| [a] | a (dash) |
| [ɑ] | â (prâpë) |
| [ɒ] | ä (knäqët) |
| [e] | e (derë) |
| [ɛ] | ê (mênôj) |
| [i] | i (dritë) |
| [o] | o (kos) |
| [u] | u (kur) |
| [y] | y (shykyr) |
| [ɔ] | ô (dôrë) |
[edit] Nasalized
| IPA | Written as |
|---|---|
| [ĩ] | ĩ |
| [ɛ̃] | ẽ |
| [ɑ̃] | ã |
| [ɔ̃] | õ (some dialects) |
| [ỹ] | ỹ |
| [ũ] | ũ (hũna) |
[edit] Differences between dialects
| Standard | Toskësisht | Gegënisht | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shqipëri | Shqipëri | Shqypní | Albania |
| një | një | nji / njâ | one |
| nëntë | nëntë | nândë | nine |
| është | është | âsht / â | is |
| bëj | bëj | bâj | I do |
| emër | emër | êmën | name |
| pjekuri | pjekuri | pjekuni | mellowness |
| gjendje | gjëndje | gjêndje | state, condition |
| zog | zok | zog | bird |
| mbret | mbret | mret/regj | king |
| për të punuar | për të punuar | me punue | to work |
| rërë | rërë | rânë | sand |
| qenë | qënë | kjênë / kânë | to be |
| dëllinjë | enjë | bërshê | juniper |
| baltë | llum | lloq | mud |
| cimbidh | mashë | danë | fire-iron |
| mundem | mundem | mûj | I can |
| vend | vënd | ven | place |
| dhelpër | dhelpër | skile/dhelpën | fox |
[edit] Gheg today
There are still some authors who write in the Gheg dialect. Gheg is used on television and in newspapers in Kosovo only.
[edit] References
- ^ Hinrichs, Uwe; Buttner, Uwe (1999). Handbuch der Sudosteuropa-Linguistik. Otto Harrassowitz Verlag. p. 285. ISBN 9783447039390. http://books.google.com/books?id=Phyvk2tPaYQC&pg=PA285. Retrieved 5 April 2011.
[edit] External links
 |
Gheg Albanian test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator |
