From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
September 27 is the 270th day of the year (271st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 95 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 489 – Odoacer attacks Theodoric at the Battle of Verona, and is defeated again.
- 1066 – William the Conqueror and his army set sail from the mouth of the Somme River, beginning the Norman Conquest of England.
- 1331 – The Battle of Płowce between the Kingdom of Poland and the Teutonic Order is fought.
- 1422 – after the brief Gollub War the Teutonic Knights sign the Treaty of Melno with the Kingdom of Poland and Grand Duchy of Lithuania
- 1529 – The Siege of Vienna begins when Suleiman I attacks the city.
- 1540 – The Society of Jesus (the Jesuits) receives its charter from Pope Paul III.
- 1590 – Pope Urban VII dies 13 days after being chosen as the Pope, making his reign the shortest papacy in history.
- 1605 – The armies of Sweden are defeated by the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Battle of Kircholm.
- 1669 – The Venetians surrender the fortress of Candia to the Ottomans, thus ending the 21-year long Siege of Candia.
- 1777 – Lancaster, Pennsylvania is the capital of the United States, for one day.
- 1821 – Mexico gains its independence from Spain.
- 1822 – Jean-François Champollion announces that he has deciphered the Rosetta stone.
- 1825 – The Stockton and Darlington Railway opens, and begins operation of the world's first service of locomotive-hauled passenger trains.
- 1854 – The steamship SS Arctic sinks with 300 people on board. This marks the first great disaster in the Atlantic Ocean.
- 1903 – Wreck of the Old 97, a train crash made famous by the song of the same name.
- 1905 – The physics journal Annalen der Physik received Albert Einstein's paper "Does the Inertia of a Body Depend Upon Its Energy Content?", introducing the equation E=mc².
- 1908 – The first production of the Ford Model T automobile was built at the Piquette Plant in Detroit, Michigan.
- 1916 – Iyasu is proclaimed deposed as ruler of Ethiopia in a palace coup in favor of his aunt Zauditu.
- 1922 – King Constantine I of Greece abdicates his throne in favor of his eldest son, King George II.
- 1928 – The Republic of China is recognised by the United States.
- 1930 – Bobby Jones wins the U.S. Amateur Championship to complete the Grand Slam of golf. The old structure of the grand slam was the U.S. Open, British Open, U.S. Amateur, and British Amateur.
- 1937 – Balinese Tiger declared extinct.
- 1938 – Ocean liner Queen Elizabeth launched in Glasgow.
- 1940 – World War II: The Tripartite Pact is signed in Berlin by Germany, Japan and Italy.
- 1941 – The SS Patrick Henry is launched becoming the first of more than 2,700 Liberty ships.
- 1942 – Last day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps troops barely escape after being surrounded by Japanese forces near the Matanikau River.
- 1944 – The Kassel Mission results in the largest loss by a USAAF group on any mission in World War II.
- 1949 – The first Plenary Session of the National People's Congress approves the design of the Flag of the People's Republic of China.
- 1954 – The nationwide debut of Tonight! (The Tonight Show) hosted by Steve Allen on NBC.
- 1956 – USAF Captain Milburn G. Apt becomes the first man to exceed Mach 3 while flying the Bell X-2. Shortly thereafter, the craft goes out of control and Captain Apt is killed.
- 1959 – Nearly 5000 people die on the main Japanese island of Honshū as the result of a typhoon.
- 1961 – Sierra Leone joins the United Nations.
- 1962 – The Yemen Arab Republic is established.
- 1964 – The British TSR-2 aircraft XR219 makes its maiden flight from Boscombe Down in Wiltshire.
- 1968 – The stage musical Hair opens at the Shaftesbury Theatre in London, where it played 1,998 performances until its closure was forced by the roof collapsing in July 1973.
- 1979 – The United States Department of Education receives final approval from the U.S. Congress to become the 13th US Cabinet agency.
- 1983 – Richard Stallman announces the GNU project to develop a free Unix-like operating system.
- 1993 – The Sukhumi massacre takes place in Abkhazia.
- 1995 – The Government of the United States unveils the first of its redesigned bank notes with the $100 bill featuring a larger portrait of Benjamin Franklin slightly off-center.
- 1996 – In Afghanistan, the Taliban capture the capital city Kabul after driving out President Burhanuddin Rabbani and executing former leader Mohammad Najibullah.
- 1996 – The Julie N. tanker ship crashes into the Million Dollar Bridge in Portland, Maine spilling thousands of gallons of oil.
- 1997 – Communications are suddenly lost with the Mars Pathfinder space probe.
- 1998 – The Google internet search engine retrospectively claims this as its birthday.
- 2001 – Zug massacre: In Zug, Switzerland, Friedrich Leibacher shoots 18 citizens, killing 14 and then kills himself.
- 2002 – Timor-Leste (East Timor) joins the United Nations.
- 2003 – Smart 1 satellite is launched.
- 2008 – CNSA astronaut Zhai Zhigang becomes the first Chinese person to perform a spacewalk while flying on Shenzhou 7.
[edit] Births
- 823 – Ermentrude of Orléans, consort of Charles the Bald (d. 869)
- 1271 – Wenceslaus II of Bohemia and Poland (d. 1305)
- 1275 – John II of Brabant (d. 1312)
- 1389 – Cosimo de' Medici, Italian art patron and de facto ruler of Florence (d. 1464)
- 1544 – Takenaka Shigeharu, Japanese samurai (d. 1579)
- 1601 – King Louis XIII of France (d. 1643)
- 1627 – Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, French bishop (d. 1704)
- 1643 – Solomon Stoddard, American Puritan clergyman
- 1657 – Sophia Alekseyevna of Russia, regent of Russia (d. 1704)
- 1696 – Saint Alphonsus Maria de Liguori, Italian Catholic bishop (d. 1787)
- 1719 – Abraham Gotthelf Kästner, German mathematician (d. 1800)
- 1722 – Samuel Adams, American revolutionary leader (d. 1803)
- 1729 – Michael Denis, Austrian poet (d. 1800)
- 1765 – Antoine Philippe de La Trémoille, French counterrevolutionary (d. 1794)
- 1772 – Martha Jefferson Randolph, daughter of Thomas Jefferson (d. 1836)
- 1803 – Samuel Francis du Pont, American admiral (d. 1865)
- 1805 – George Müller, Prussian orphanage builder (d. 1898)
- 1818 – Adolph Wilhelm Hermann Kolbe, German chemist (d. 1884)
- 1821 – Henri Frederic Amiel, Swiss writer (d. 1881)
- 1824 – William "Bull" Nelson, American Civil War general (d. 1862)
- 1830 – William Babcock Hazen, American Civil War general (d. 1887)
- 1838 – Lawrence Sullivan Ross, American Confederate general and 19th Governor of Texas (d. 1898)
- 1840 – Thomas Nast, German-born American political cartoonist (d. 1902)
- 1842 – Alphonse Francois Renard, Belgian geologist (d. 1903)
- 1843 – Gaston Tarry, French mathematician (d. 1913)
- 1861 – Corinne Roosevelt Robinson, sister of Theodore Roosevelt (d. 1933)
- 1864 – Andrej Hlinka, Slovak politician and Catholic Priest (d. 1938)
- 1866 – Eurosia Fabris, Italian Catholic Blessed (d. 1932)
- 1871 – Grazia Deledda, Italian writer, Nobel laureate (d. 1936)
- 1879 – Hans Hahn, Austrian mathematician (d. 1934)
- 1879 – Cyril Scott, English composer (d. 1970)
- 1885 – Harry Blackstone, Sr., American magician (d. 1965)
- 1885 – Charles Benjamin Howard, Canadian industrialist and politician (d. 1964)
- 1894 – Olive Tell, American actress (d. 1951)
- 1894 – Lothar von Richthofen German pilot (d. 1922)
- 1895 – Woolf Barnato, British racing driver (d. 1948)
- 1896 – Sam Ervin, American politician (d. 1985)
- 1898 – Vincent Youmans, American composer and producer (d. 1946)
- 1904 – Edvard Kocbek, Slovenian poet and politician (d. 1981)
- 1906 – William Empson, British poet (d. 1984)
- 1906 – Jim Thompson, American author (d. 1977)
- 1907 – Maurice Blanchot, French philosopher (d. 2003)
- 1907 – Bhagat Singh, Indian freedom fighter (d. 1931)
- 1907 – Bernard Miles, English character actor, writer and director (d. 1991)
- 1911 – John Harvey, actor (d. 1982)
- 1911 – Marcey Jacobson, American photographer (d. 2009)
- 1913 – Albert Ellis, American psychologist (d. 2007)
- 1916 – Frank Handlen, American artist
- 1916 – S. Yizhar, Israeli author (d. 2006)
- 1917 – Louis Auchincloss, American novelist (d. 2010)
- 1917 – William T. Orr, American television producer (d. 2002)
- 1917 – Carl Ballantine, American magician and entertainer (d. 2009)
- 1918 – Martin Ryle, English radio astronomer, Nobel laureate (d. 1984)
- 1919 – James H. Wilkinson, American mathematician (d. 1986)
- 1919 – Johnny Pesky, American baseball player
- 1919 – Charles H. Percy, American politician (d. 2011)
- 1920 – William Conrad, American actor (d. 1994)
- 1920 – Jayne Meadows, American actress
- 1921 – Milton Subotsky, American TV and film producer (d. 1991)
- 1922 – Arthur Penn, American director (d. 2010)
- 1922 – Sammy Benskin, African American pianist and bandleader (d. 1992)
- 1924 – Bernard Waber, American author
- 1924 – Fred Singer, American scientist
- 1924 – Bud Powell, American jazz pianist (d. 1966)
- 1924 – Josef Škvorecký, Czech writer and publisher
- 1927 – Chrysostomos I, Greek orthodox Archbishop of Cyprus (d. 2007)
- 1927 – Romano Scarpa, Italian comic book artist (d. 2005)
- 1927 – Steve Stavro, Canadian businessman (d. 2006)
- 1927 – Red Rodney, jazz trumpeter (d. 1994)
- 1929 – Barbara Murray, English actress
- 1929 – Calvin Jones, American trombonist, bassist, pianist, bandleader, composer and educator (d. 2004)
- 1931 – Freddy Quinn, Austrian singer
- 1932 – Geoff Bent, English footballer (d. 1958)
- 1932 – Roger C. Carmel, American actor (d. 1986)
- 1932 – Yash Chopra, Indian director
- 1932 – Michael Colvin, British politician
- 1932 – Gabriel Loubier, Canadian politician
- 1932 – Oliver E. Williamson, American economist
- 1933 – Will Sampson, American actor (d. 1987)
- 1933 – Greg Morris, American actor (d. 1996)
- 1933 – Rodney Cotterill, Danish-born English physicist (d. 2007)
- 1934 – Wilford Brimley, American actor
- 1934 – Claude Jarman Jr., American actor
- 1934 – Dick Schaap, American sports reporter (d. 2001)
- 1935 – Al MacNeil, Canadian ice hockey player and coach
- 1936 – Don Cornelius, American television host
- 1936 – Gordon Honeycombe, British playwright
- 1938 – Jean-Loup Dabadie, French lyricist and screenwriter
- 1939 – Ioannis Banias, Greek politician
- 1939 – Carol Lynn Pearson, American poet and writer
- 1939 – Kathy Whitworth, American golfer
- 1940 – Benoni Beheyt, Belgian cyclist
- 1941 – Serge Ménard, Québécois politician
- 1941 – Peter Bonetti, English footballer
- 1941 – Gay Kayler, Australian country music singer
- 1941 – Don Nix, songwriter, composer, arranger, musician, and author
- 1942 – Dith Pran, Cambodian photojournalist (d. 2008)
- 1942 – Alvin Stardust, English singer
- 1943 – Randy Bachman, Canadian musician
- 1943 – Amedeo, 5th Duke of Aosta, Italian aristocrat
- 1944 – Gary Sutherland, American baseball player
- 1945 – Max Boyce, Welsh comedian
- 1945 – Jack Goldstein, Canadian artist (d. 2003)
- 1945 – Kay Ryan, American poet
- 1945 – Bob Spiers, British television director (d. 2008)
- 1946 – Nicos Anastasiades, Greek-Cypriot politician, leader of Democratic Rally
- 1946 – Robin Nedwell, English comedy actor (d. 1999)
- 1946 – T.C. Cannon, American artist (d. 1978)
- 1947 – Barbara Dickson, Scottish singer
- 1947 – Denis Lawson, Scottish actor
- 1947 – Meat Loaf, American singer
- 1947 – Liz Torres, American actress and singer
- 1948 – Michele Dotrice, English actress
- 1948 – Duncan Fletcher, Rhodesian-born Zimbabwean cricketer and coach
- 1948 – A Martinez, American actor
- 1948 – Tom Braidwood, Canadian actor
- 1948 – Les Chapman, English footballer and football manager
- 1949 – Graham Richardson, Australian politician
- 1949 – Mike Schmidt, American baseball player
- 1949 – Jahn Teigen, Norwegian singer
- 1950 – Cary-Hiroyuki Tagawa, Japanese actor
- 1951 – Jim Shooter, American comic book writer
- 1951 – Paul Craig, British law professor
- 1951 – David Starobin, American classical guitarist, record producer, and film director
- 1951 – Michel Rivard, Québécois singer and composer (Beau Dommage)
- 1952 – Didier Dubois, French mathematician
- 1952 – Dumitru Prunariu, Romanian cosmonaut
- 1952 – André Viger, French Canadian marathoner
- 1953 – Diane Julie Abbott, British politician
- 1953 – Mata Amritanandamayi, Indian religious leader
- 1953 – Claudio Gentile, Italian footballer
- 1953 – Greg Ham, Australian musician and songwriter (Men at Work)
- 1953 – Robbie Shakespeare, Jamaican bassist and producer
- 1954 – Ray Hadley, Australian radio broadcaster
- 1954 – Dmitry Sitkovetsky, Russian violinist and conductor
- 1958 – Shaun Cassidy, American singer
- 1958 – Irvine Welsh, Scottish writer
- 1959 – Beth Heiden, American speed skater
- 1960 – Barron Lerner, American physician and historian
- 1960 – Jean-Marc Barr, French-American actor and director
- 1961 – Andy Lau, Hong Kong actor and singer
- 1964 – Stephan Jenkins, American singer (Third Eye Blind)
- 1965 – Ricky Fuji, Japanese professional wrestler
- 1965 – Steve Kerr, American basketball player
- 1965 – Peter MacKay, Canadian politician
- 1965 – Alexis Stewart, American radio personality
- 1965 – Bernard Lord, Canadian politician
- 1966 – Uche Okechukwu, Nigerian footballer
- 1966 – Stephanie Wilson, American engineer and astronaut
- 1968 – Mari Kiviniemi, Finnish politician
- 1968 – Patrick Muldoon, American actor
- 1969 – Sofia Milos, American actress
- 1970 – Yoshiharu Habu, Japanese professional shogi player
- 1970 – Tamara Taylor, American actress
- 1970 – Wes Carroll, vocal percussionist
- 1971 – Aaron Belz, American poet
- 1971 – Amanda Detmer, American actress
- 1971 – Li Yapeng, Chinese actor
- 1972 – Sylvia Crawley, American basketball player
- 1972 – Lhasa de Sela, American singer and songwriter (d. 2010)
- 1972 – Clara Hughes, Canadian cyclist
- 1972 – Gwyneth Paltrow, American actress
- 1972 – Craig L. Rice, American politician
- 1974 – Carrie Brownstein, American musician, writer, and actress
- 1975 – Thanos Petrelis, Greek singer
- 1976 – Dean Butterworth, English drummer
- 1976 – Matt Harding, American video game developer
- 1976 – Jason Phillips, American baseball player
- 1976 – Francesco Totti, Italian footballer
- 1978 – Thomas Gates, American rugby league footballer
- 1978 – Ani Lorak, Ukrainian singer and actress
- 1978 – Jon Rauch, American baseball player
- 1979 – Jon Garland, American baseball player
- 1979 – La'Myia Good, American singer and actress
- 1979 – Zita Görög, Hungarian actress and model
- 1979 – Christian Jones, Australian racing driver
- 1979 – Steve Simpson, Australian rugby league footballer
- 1980 – Asashōryū Akinori, Mongolian sumo wrestler, the 68th Yokozuna
- 1980 – Ehron VonAllen, American singer
- 1981 – Lakshmipathy Balaji, Indian cricketer
- 1981 – Sophie Crumb, American comics artist
- 1981 – Brendon McCullum, New Zealand cricketer
- 1981 – Cytherea, American adult actress
- 1982 – Anna Camp, American actress
- 1982 – Zero Kazama, Japanese-American game show host
- 1982 – Lil Wayne, American rapper
- 1982 – Darrent Williams, American football player (d. 2007)
- 1983 – Travis MacRae, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1983 – Shermon Tang, Hong Kong actress
- 1983 – Jeon Hye Bin, Korean actress
- 1984 – Paul Bevan, Australian rules footballer
- 1984 – Davide Capello, Italian footballer
- 1984 – John Lannan, American baseball player
- 1984 – Chris Nelson, Scottish Hockey player
- 1984 – Avril Lavigne, Canadian singer-songwriter
- 1985 – Massimo Bertocchi, Canadian decathlete
- 1986 – Vin Mazzaro, American baseball player
- 1986 – Ricardo Risatti, Argentine racecar driver
- 1987 – Austin Carlile, American musician (Attack Attack!, Of Mice & Men)
- 1989 – Park Tae-Hwan, South Korean swimmer
- 1992 – Jake Burbage, American actor
- 1992 – Luc Castaignos, Dutch footballer
- 1995 – Lina Leandersson, Swedish actress
[edit] Deaths
- 1249 – Count Raymond VII of Toulouse (b. 1197)
- 1404 – William of Wykeham, English bishop (b. 1320)
- 1557 – Emperor Go-Nara of Japan (b. 1497)
- 1590 – Pope Urban VII (b. 1521)
- 1615 – Arbella Stuart, English noblewoman (b. 1575)
- 1651 – Maximilian I, Elector of Bavaria (b. 1573)
- 1660 – Vincent de Paul, French saint (b. 1580)
- 1700 – Pope Innocent XII (b. 1615)
- 1719 – George Smalridge, English Bishop of Bristol (b. 1662)
- 1730 – Laurence Eusden, English poet (b. 1688)
- 1735 – Peter Artedi, Swedish naturalist (b. 1705)
- 1737 – John Sidney, 6th Earl of Leicester, English privy councillor (b. 1680)
- 1742 – Hugh Boulter, Irish Archbishop of Armagh (b. 1672)
- 1783 – Étienne Bézout, French mathematician (b. 1730)
- 1832 – Karl Christian Friedrich Krause, German philosopher (b. 1781)
- 1833 – Ram Mohan Roy, Hindu reformer (d. 1772)
- 1838 – Bernard Courtois, French chemist (b. 1777)
- 1876 – Braxton Bragg, American Confederate general (b. 1817)
- 1886 – Charles Gordon Greene, American journalist (b. 1804)
- 1891 – Ivan Goncharov, Russian author (b. 1812)
- 1911 – Auguste Michel-Lévy, French geologist (b. 1844)
- 1915 – Remy de Gourmont, French poet (b. 1858)
- 1917 – Edgar Degas, French painter (b. 1834)
- 1921 – Engelbert Humperdinck, German composer (b. 1854)
- 1940 – Walter Benjamin, German philosopher (b. 1892)
- 1940 – Julius Wagner-Jauregg, Austrian neuroscientist, Nobel laureate (b. 1857)
- 1944 – Aimee Semple McPherson, American evangelist (b. 1890)
- 1956 – Gerald Finzi, English composer (b. 1901)
- 1956 – Babe Didrikson Zaharias, American athlete (b. 1911)
- 1960 – Sylvia Pankhurst, English suffragette (b. 1882)
- 1965 – Clara Bow, American actress (b. 1905)
- 1965 – Sir William Stanier, British railway engineer (b. 1876)
- 1967 – Felix Yusupov, Russian prince, participated in the murder of Grigori Rasputin (b. 1887)
- 1972 – S. R. Ranganathan, Indian mathematician (b. 1892)
- 1972 – Rory Storm, British singer (b. 1939)
- 1974 – Silvio Frondizi, Argentine lawyer, assassinated by the Triple A(b. 1907)
- 1975 – Jack Lang, Australian politician (b. 1876)
- 1979 – Dame Gracie Fields, British comedian (b. 1898)
- 1979 – Jimmy McCulloch, Scottish guitarist (b. 1953)
- 1981 – Robert Montgomery, American actor (b. 1904)
- 1983 – Wilfred Burchett, Australian journalist (b. 1911)
- 1984 – Chronis Exarhakos, Greek actor (b. 1932)
- 1985 – Lloyd Nolan, American actor (b. 1902)
- 1986 – Cliff Burton, American bassist (Metallica) (b. 1962)
- 1991 – Oona O'Neill, daughter of playwright Eugene O'Neill and 4th wife of Charlie Chaplin (b. 1926)
- 1993 – Jimmy Doolittle, American general (b. 1896)
- 1997 – Walter Trampler, American violist (b. 1915)
- 1998 – Narita Bryan, Japanese racehorse (b. 1991)
- 1998 – Doak Walker, American football player (b. 1927)
- 2003 – Donald O'Connor, American actor (b. 1925)
- 2004 – John E. Mack, American psychiatrist and author (b. 1929)
- 2005 – Ronald Golias, Brazilian comedian (b. 1929)
- 2007 – Dale Houston, American singer (Dale & Grace) (b. 1940)
- 2007 – Kenji Nagai, Japanese photojournalist (b. 1957)
- 2008 – Mahendra Kapoor, Indian singer (b. 1934)
- 2009 – Ivan Dykhovichnyy, Russian film director and screenwriter (b. 1947)
- 2009 – Charles Houston, American mountaineer (b. 1913)
- 2009 – William Safire, American Columnist (b. 1929)
- 2010 – George Blanda, American football player (b. 1927)
- 2010 – Balaji Sadasivan, Singaporean politician and neurosurgeon (b. 1955)
- 2011 – Johnny "Country" Mathis, American country singer (b. 1933)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
