From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
March 28 is the 87th day of the year (88th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 278 days remaining until the end of the year.
Events
- 37 – Roman Emperor Caligula accepts the titles of the Principate, entitled to him by the Senate.
- 193 – Roman Emperor Pertinax is assassinated by Praetorian Guards, who then sell the throne in an auction to Didius Julianus.
- 364 – Roman Emperor Valentinian I appoints his brother Flavius Valens co-emperor.
- 845 – Paris is sacked by Viking raiders, probably under Ragnar Lodbrok, who collects a huge ransom in exchange for leaving.
- 1776 – Juan Bautista de Anza finds the site for the Presidio of San Francisco.
- 1794 – Allies under the prince of Coburg defeat French forces at Le Cateau.
- 1795 – Partitions of Poland: The Duchy of Courland, a northern fief of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, ceases to exist and becomes part of Imperial Russia.
- 1802 – Heinrich Wilhelm Matthäus Olbers discovers 2 Pallas, the second asteroid known to man.
- 1809 – Peninsular War: France defeats Spain in the Battle of Medelin.
- 1854 – Crimean War: France and Britain declare war on Russia.
- 1860 – First Taranaki War: The Battle of Waireka begins.
- 1862 – American Civil War: Battle of Glorieta Pass – in New Mexico, Union forces stop the Confederate invasion of New Mexico territory. The battle began on March 26.
- 1871 – The Paris Commune is formally established in Paris.
- 1889 – The Yngsjö murder occurs in Yngsjö, Sweden and Anna Månsdotter is arrested along with her son.
- 1910 – Henri Fabre becomes the first person to fly a seaplane, the Fabre Hydravion, after taking off from a water runway near Martigues, France.
- 1913 – Guatemala becomes a signatory to the Buenos Aires copyright treaty.
- 1920 – Palm Sunday tornado outbreak of 1920 affects the Great Lakes region and Deep South states.
- 1930 – Constantinople and Angora change their names to Istanbul and Ankara.
- 1939 – Spanish Civil War: Generalissimo Francisco Franco conquers Madrid.
- 1941 – World War II: Battle of Cape Matapan – in the Mediterranean Sea, British Admiral Andrew Browne Cunningham leads the Royal Navy in the destruction of three major Italian heavy cruisers and two destroyers.
- 1942 – World War II: In occupied France, British naval forces successfully raid the German-occupied port of St. Nazaire.
- 1946 – Cold War: The United States State Department releases the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, outlining a plan for the international control of nuclear power.
- 1959 – The State Council of the People's Republic of China dissolves the Government of Tibet.
- 1968 – Brazilian high school student Edson Luís de Lima Souto is shot by the police in a protest for cheaper meals at a restaurant for low-income students. The aftermath of his death is one of the first major events against the military dictatorship.
- 1969 – Greek poet and Nobel Prize laureate Giorgos Seferis makes a famous statement on the BBC World Service opposing the junta in Greece.
- 1969 – The McGill français movement protest occurs, the second largest protest in Montreal's history with 10,000 trade unionists, leftist activists, CEGEP students, and even some McGill students at McGill's Roddick Gates. This led to the majority of the protesters getting arrested.
- 1978 – The US Supreme Court hands down 5-3 decision in Stump v. Sparkman, 435 U.S. 349, a controversial case involving involuntary sterilization and judicial immunity.
- 1979 – Operators of Three Mile Island's Unit 2 nuclear reactor outside of Harrisburg, Pennsylvania fail to recognize that a relief valve in the primary coolant system has stuck open following an unexpected shutdown. As a result, enough coolant drains out of the system to allow the core to overheat and partially melt down.
- 1979 – The British House of Commons passes a vote of no confidence against James Callaghan's government, precipitating a general election.
- 1990 – President George H. W. Bush posthumously awards Jesse Owens the Congressional Gold Medal.
- 1994 – In South Africa, Zulus and African National Congress supporters battle in central Johannesburg, resulting in 18 deaths.
- 1999 – Kosovo War: Serb paramilitary and military forces kill 146 Kosovo Albanians in the Izbica massacre.
- 2000 – Three children are killed when a Murray County, Georgia, school bus is hit by a CSX freight train.
- 2003 – In a friendly fire incident, two A-10 Thunderbolt II attack aircraft from the United States Idaho Air National Guard's 190th Fighter Squadron attack British tanks participating in the 2003 invasion of Iraq, killing British soldier Matty Hull.
- 2005 – The 2005 Sumatra earthquake rocks Indonesia, and at magnitude 8.7 is the fourth strongest earthquake since 1965.
- 2006 – At least 1 million union members, students, and unemployed take to the streets in France in protest at the government's proposed First Employment Contract law.
Births
- 1472 – Fra Bartolommeo, Italian artist (d. 1517)
- 1515 – Teresa of Avila, Spanish Carmelite nun and saint (d. 1582)
- 1522 – Albert the Warlike, Prince of Bayreuth (d. 1557)
- 1569 – Ranuccio I Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1622)
- 1592 – John Amos Comenius, Czech bishop (d. 1670)
- 1599 – Witte Corneliszoon de With, Dutch naval officer (d. 1658)
- 1613 – Empress Xiaozhuangwen of the Qing Dynasty (d. 1688)
- 1652 – Samuel Sewall, American magistrate (d. 1730)
- 1725 – Andrew Kippis, English clergyman and biographer (d. 1795)
- 1750 – Francisco de Miranda, Venezuelan nationalist (d. 1816)
- 1760 – Thomas Clarkson, British abolitionist (d. 1846)
- 1773 – Henri Gratien, Comte Bertrand, French general (d. 1844)
- 1793 – Henry Schoolcraft, American geographer and geologist (d. 1864)
- 1795 – Georg Heinrich Pertz, German historian (d. 1876)
- 1806 – Thomas Hare, English political scientist (d. 1891)
- 1811 – Saint John Nepomucene Neumann, Bohemian-born American bishop and Roman Catholic saint (d. 1860)
- 1815 – Arsène Houssaye, French novelist (d. 1896)
- 1818 – Wade Hampton III, American soldier and politician (d. 1902)
- 1819 – Sir Joseph Bazalgette, English civil engineer (d. 1891)
- 1836 – Frederick Pabst, American brewer (d. 1904)
- 1840 – Emin Pasha, Equatorian politician (d. 1892)
- 1842 – William Harvey Carney, American Civil War officer (d. 1908)
- 1849 – James Darmesteter, French author and antiquarian (d. 1894)
- 1851 – Bernardino Machado, Portuguese politician (d. 1944)
- 1862 – Aristide Briand, French politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (d. 1932)
- 1866 – Jimmy Ross, Scottish footballer (d. 1902)
- 1868 – Maxim Gorky, Russian author (d. 1936)
- 1871 – Willem Mengelberg, Dutch conductor (d. 1951)
- 1879 – Terence MacSwiney, Irish nationalist (d. 1920)
- 1890 – Paul Whiteman, American bandleader (d. 1967)
- 1892 – Corneille Heymans, Belgian physiologist, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1968)
- 1892 – Tom Maguire, Irish republican (d. 1993)
- 1893 – Spyros Skouras, Greek-born American movie executive (d. 1971)
- 1894 – Ernst Lindemann, German naval officer (d. 1941)
- 1895 – Christian Herter, American politician (d. 1966)
- 1895 – Spencer W. Kimball, American religious leader (d. 1985)
- 1897 – Sepp Herberger, German football coach (d. 1977)
- 1897 – Tillie Voss, American football player (d. 1975)
- 1899 – Harold B. Lee, American religious figure (d. 1973)
- 1899 – August Anheuser Busch, Jr., American brewer and baseball executive (d. 1989)
- 1899 – Buck Shaw, American football coach (d. 1977)
- 1900 – Edward Wagenknecht, American literary critic (d. 2004)
- 1902 – Dame Flora Robson, English actress (d. 1984)
- 1902 – Jaromír Vejvoda, Czech composer (d. 1988)
- 1903 – Rudolf Serkin, Austrian pianist (d. 1991)
- 1903 – Charles Starrett, American actor (d. 1986)
- 1905 – Marlin Perkins, American zoologist and television host (d. 1986)
- 1905 – Pandro S. Berman, American film producer (d. 1996)
- 1907 – "Swifty" Lazar, American talent agent (d. 1993)
- 1909 – Nelson Algren, American writer (d. 1981)
- 1910 – Frederick Baldwin Adams, Jr., American librarian (d. 2001)
- 1910 – Jimmie Dodd, American actor (d. 1964)
- 1910 – Queen Ingrid of Denmark (d. 2000)
- 1911 – John Langshaw Austin, British language philosopher (d. 1960)
- 1912 – A. Bertram Chandler Australian author (d. 1984)
- 1912 – Marina Raskova, Russian navigator (d. 1943)
- 1914 – Edward Anhalt, American screenwriter (d. 2000)
- 1914 – Bohumil Hrabal, Czech writer (d. 1997)
- 1914 – Edmund Muskie, American politician (d. 1996)
- 1914 – Kenneth Richard Norris, Australian entomologist (d. 2003)
- 1915 – Jay Livingston, American composer and songwriter (d. 2001)
- 1919 – Vic Raschi, American baseball player (d. 1988)
- 1921 – Walter Neugebauer, Croatian comic book author (d. 1992)
- 1921 – Sir Dirk Bogarde, English actor (d. 1999)
- 1921 – Herschel Grynszpan, German assassin of Ernst vom Rath (year of death unknown)
- 1922 – Neville Bonner, Australian politician (d. 1999)
- 1922 – Felice Chiusano, Italian singer (d. 1990)
- 1922 – Joey Maxim, American boxer (d. 2001)
- 1923 – Thad Jones, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1986)
- 1924 – Freddie Bartholomew, Irish actor (d. 1992)
- 1924 – Byrd Baylor, American author
- 1925 – Dorothy DeBorba, American child actress (d. 2010)
- 1926 – Cayetana Fitz-James Stuart, 18th Duchess of Alba
- 1927 – Marianne Fredriksson, Swedish author (d. 2007)
- 1928 – Zbigniew Brzezinski, Polish-born American political scientist and geostrategist
- 1928 – Alexander Grothendieck, German mathematician
- 1929 – Paul England, Australian racing driver
- 1930 – Robert Ashley, American composer
- 1930 – Elizabeth Bainbridge, English opera singer
- 1930 – Jerome Isaac Friedman, American physicist, Nobel laureate
- 1933 – Tete Montoliu, Catalonian jazz pianist (d. 1997)
- 1933 – Frank Murkowski, American politician
- 1934 – Lester Brown, American environmentalist
- 1935 – Michael Parkinson, English broadcaster
- 1936 – Mario Vargas Llosa, Peruvian author, politician and Nobel laureate
- 1937 – Liz Trotta, American journalist
- 1940 – Tony Barber, Australian television personality
- 1940 – Kevin Loughery, American basketball coach
- 1941 – Alf Clausen, America orchestra conductor
- 1941 – Jim Turner, American pro football player
- 1941 – Jeffrey Moussaieff Masson, American author
- 1942 – Daniel Dennett, American philosopher
- 1942 – Kitanofuji Katsuaki, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 52nd Yokozuna
- 1942 – Neil Kinnock, British politician
- 1942 – Mike Newell, English film director
- 1942 – Samuel Ramey, American opera singer
- 1942 – Conrad Schumann, East German border guard (d. 1998)
- 1942 – Jerry Sloan, American basketball player and head coach
- 1943 – Conchata Ferrell, American actress
- 1944 – Rick Barry, American basketball player
- 1944 – Ken Howard, American actor
- 1945 – Count Björn Hamilton, Swedish politician
- 1946 – Alejandro Toledo, President of Peru
- 1946 – Henry Paulson Jr., American economist
- 1946 – Wubbo Ockels, Dutch physicist and astronaut
- 1947 – John Landecker, American disk jockey
- 1948 – Dianne Wiest, American actress
- 1948 – Gerry House, American radio personality
- 1948 – John Evan, British musician (Jethro Tull)
- 1948 – Milan Williams, American musician (The Commodores) (d. 2006)
- 1948 – Matthew Corbett, English retired actor
- 1948 – Jayne Ann Krentz, American novelist
- 1948 – Dennis Unkovic, American author
- 1950 – Claudio Lolli, Italian singer-songwriter
- 1951 – Karen Kain, Canadian ballerina
- 1951 – Matti Pellonpää, Finnish actor and musician (d. 1995)
- 1952 – Tony Brise, British racing driver (d. 1975)
- 1953 – Melchior Ndadaye, Burundian politician (d. 1993)
- 1954 – Morris Mason, American convicted rapist and murderer (d. 1985)
- 1955 – John Alderdice, Northern Irish politician
- 1955 – Reba McEntire, American singer and actress
- 1956 – Susan Ershler, American mountaineer
- 1956 – April Margera, mother of Bam Margera
- 1958 – Curt Hennig, American professional wrestler (d. 2003)
- 1958 – Edesio Alejandro, Cuban music composer
- 1958 – Lou Franceschetti, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1959 – Chris Myers, American sportscaster
- 1960 – Chris Barrie, British actor
- 1960 – José Maria Neves, Cape Verdeian politician
- 1960 – Éric-Emmanuel Schmitt, French author and dramatist
- 1961 – Orla Brady, Irish actress
- 1961 – Byron Scott, American basketball player and coach
- 1962 – Jure Franko, Slovenian skier
- 1962 – Terry Szopinski, American pro-wrestler
- 1965 – Steve Bull, English footballer
- 1967 – John Ziegler, American talk-show host
- 1968 – Iris Chang, American author (d. 2004)
- 1968 – Nasser Hussain, English cricketer
- 1968 – Jon Lee, British drummer (d. 2002)
- 1968 – Tim Lovejoy, British television presenter
- 1968 – Max Perlich, American actor
- 1969 – Brett Ratner, American film director
- 1969 – Rodney Atkins, American country music singer-songwriter
- 1969 – Elliot Perry, American basketball player
- 1970 – Vince Vaughn, American actor
- 1970 – Michelle Gildernew, Irish republican politician
- 1970 – Jennifer Weiner, American author
- 1970 – Aiga Zagorska, Lithuanian track and road cyclist
- 1971 – Christianne Meneses Jacobs, Nicaraguan-born American writer and educator
- 1971 – Mr. Cheeks, American rapper
- 1971 – Wesley Person, American basketball player
- 1972 – Eby J. Jose, Indian journalist
- 1972 – Keith Tkachuk, American ice hockey player
- 1972 – Nick Frost, English comedian and actor
- 1973 – Eddie Fatu, Samoan professional wrestler (d. 2009)
- 1973 – Matt Nathanson, American singer-songwriter
- 1974 – Mark King, English snooker player
- 1974 – Scott Mills, British radio disc jockey
- 1975 – Shanna Moakler, American beauty queen and TV personality
- 1975 – Iván Helguera, Spanish footballer
- 1975 – Matt Reis, American soccer goalkeeper
- 1975 – Richard Kelly, American film director
- 1975 – Derek Hill, American racing driver
- 1975 – Kate Gosselin, American TV personality
- 1976 – Dave Keuning, American guitar player (The Killers)
- 1977 – Erik Rasmussen, American ice hockey player
- 1977 – Lauren Weisberger, American novelist
- 1977 – Annie Wersching, American actress
- 1979 – Park Chae-rim, South Korean actress
- 1979 – Crystal Cox, American reality television contestant
- 1980 – Stiliani Pilatou, Greek long jumper
- 1980 – Luke Walton, American basketball player
- 1980 – Chitrangada Singh, Indian actress
- 1981 – Lindsay Frimodt, American model
- 1981 – Gareth David-Lloyd, Welsh Actor
- 1981 – Edwar Ramirez, American baseball player
- 1981 – Antonio Rizzo, Italian footballer
- 1981 – Julia Stiles, American actress
- 1982 – Sonia Agarwal, Indian actress
- 1983 – Ryan Ashington, English footballer
- 1984 – Christopher Samba, French footballer
- 1984 – Nikki Sanderson, British actress and model
- 1984 – Yordanos Abay, Ethiopian footballer
- 1984 – Ol Drake, English guitarist (Evile)
- 1986 – Abuda, Brazilian footballer
- 1986 – J-Kwon, American rapper
- 1986 – Lady Gaga, American singer-songwriter and dancer
- 1986 – Yoon Joon-Soo, South Korean footballer
- 1986 – Barbora Záhlavová-Strýcová, Czech tennis player
- 1987 – Lee Hea-Kang, South Korean footballer
- 1988 – Lacey Turner, British actress
- 1989 – Lukas Jutkiewicz, English footballer
- 1989 – David Goodwillie, Scottish footballer
- 1989 – Mira Leung, Canadian figure skater
- 1989 – Marek Suchý, Czech footballer
- 1990 – Zac Clarke, Australian rules footballer
- 1991 – Amy Bruckner, American actress
- 1992 – Sergi Gómez, Spanish footballer
- 1992 – Liam Hess, British actor
Deaths
- 193 – Pertinax, Roman Emperor (b. 126)
- 1072 – Ordulf, Duke of Saxony
- 1239 – Emperor Go-Toba of Japan (b. 1180)
- 1285 – Pope Martin IV
- 1563 – Heinrich Glarean, Swiss music theorist (b. 1488)
- 1566 – Sigismund von Herberstein, Austrian diplomat and historian (b. 1486)
- 1677 – Václav Hollar, Czech-born etcher (b. 1607)
- 1687 – Constantijn Huygens, Dutch poet and composer (b. 1596)
- 1794 – Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis de Condorcet, French mathematician and philosopher (b. 1743)
- 1818 – Antonio Capuzzi, Italian composer (b. 1755)
- 1850 – Gerard C. Brandon, American politician (b. 1788)
- 1866 – Solomon Foot, American politician (b. 1802)
- 1868 – James Thomas Brudenell, 7th Earl of Cardigan, British military leader (b. 1797)
- 1870 – George Henry Thomas, American general (b. 1816)
- 1874 – Peter Andreas Hansen, Danish astronomer (b. 1795)
- 1881 – Modest Petrovich Mussorgsky, Russian composer (b. 1839)
- 1884 – Prince Leopold, Duke of Albany, son of Queen Victoria (b. 1853)
- 1910 – David Josiah Brewer, U.S. Supreme Court Justice (b. 1837)
- 1910 – Edouard Judas Colonne, French violinist (b. 1838)
- 1928 – Nathan Stubblefield, American inventor (b. 1860)
- 1929 – Lomer Gouin, Canadian politician (b. 1861)
- 1939 – Francis Matthew John Baker, Australian politician (b. 1903)
- 1941 – Virginia Woolf, English feminist writer (b. 1882)
- 1941 – Kavasji Jamshedji Petigara, Indian Police Commissioner (b. 1877)
- 1942 – Miguel Hernández, Spanish poet, death in prison (b. 1910)
- 1943 – Sergei Rachmaninoff, Russian composer and pianist (b. 1873)
- 1944 – Stephen Leacock, Canadian humorist (b. 1869)
- 1946 – Chick Fullis, baseball player (b. 1904)
- 1947 – Karol Świerczewski, Polish general (b. 1897)
- 1949 – Grigoraş Dinicu, Romanian composer and violinist (b. 1889)
- 1953 – Jim Thorpe, American athlete (b. 1887)
- 1958 – William Christopher Handy, American composer (b. 1873)
- 1962 – Hugo Wast, Argentine writer (b. 1883)
- 1965 – Jack Hoxie, American actor and rodeo performer (b. 1885)
- 1965 – Clemence Dane, British novelist and playwright (b. 1888)
- 1965 – Charles William Train, English recipient of the Victoria Cross (b. 1890)
- 1969 – Dwight D. Eisenhower, 34th President of the United States (b. 1890)
- 1969 – Aryeh Levin, Orthodox Jewish rabbi (b. 1885)
- 1974 – Dorothy Fields, American librettist and lyricist (b. 1905)
- 1976 – Arthur Crudup, American blues singer and guitarist (b. 1905)
- 1976 – Richard Arlen, American actor (b. 1898)
- 1977 – Eric Shipton, British explorer and mountaineer (b. 1907)
- 1978 – Dino Ciani, Italian pianist (b. 1941)
- 1979 – Emmett Kelly, American clown (b. 1898)
- 1980 – Dick Haymes, Argentine-born singer and actor (b. 1918)
- 1982 – William Giauque, Canadian chemist, Nobel laureate (b. 1895)
- 1984 – Carmen Dragon, American conductor, composer and arranger (b. 1914)
- 1985 – Marc Chagall, Russian-born painter (b. 1887)
- 1986 – Virginia Gilmore. American actress (b. 1919)
- 1987 – Maria von Trapp, Austrian-born singer (b. 1905)
- 1987 – Patrick Troughton, British actor (b. 1920)
- 1989 – Robert J. Wilke, American actor (b. 1914)
- 1992 – Nikolaos Platon, Greek archaeologist (b. 1909)
- 1993 – Scott Cunningham, Occult author (b. 1956)
- 1994 – Eugène Ionesco, Romanian-born French playwright (b. 1909)
- 1995 – Hugh O'Connor, American actor (b. 1962)
- 1996 – Shin Kanemaru, Japanese politician (b. 1914)
- 2000 – Anthony Powell, British novelist (b. 1905)
- 2001 – Moe Koffman, Canadian musician (b. 1928)
- 2003 – Rusty Draper, American country and pop singer (b. 1923)
- 2004 – Art James, American game show host (b. 1929)
- 2004 – Peter Ustinov, British actor (b. 1921)
- 2005 – Dame Moura Lympany, British pianist (b. 1916)
- 2006 – Caspar Weinberger, United States Secretary of Defense (b. 1917)
- 2006 – Charles Schepens, American ophthalmologist (b. 1912)
- 2006 – Kevin Charles "Pro" Hart, Australian artist (b. 1928)
- 2006 – Proinsias Ó Maonaigh, Irish musician (b. 1922)
- 2006 – Vethathiri Maharishi, Indian philosopher (b. 1911)
- 2010 – June Havoc, American actress (b. 1913)
- 2011 – Wenche Foss, Norwegian actress (b. 1917)
Holidays and observances
External links
