1933

**1933 in other calendars**
Gregorian calendar	1933; MCMXXXIII
Ab urbe condita	2686
Armenian calendar	1382; ԹՎ ՌՅՁԲ
Bahá'í calendar	89 – 90
Bengali calendar	1340
Berber calendar	2883
British Regnal year	22 Geo. 5 – 23 Geo. 5
Buddhist calendar	2477
Burmese calendar	1295
Byzantine calendar	7441 – 7442
Chinese calendar	壬申年十二月初六日; (4569/4629-12-6) — to — 癸酉年十一月十五日; (4570/4630-11-15)
Coptic calendar	1649 – 1650
Ethiopian calendar	1925 – 1926
Hebrew calendar	5693 – 5694
Hindu calendars
- Bikram Samwat	1989 – 1990
- Shaka Samvat	1855 – 1856
- Kali Yuga	5034 – 5035
Holocene calendar	11933
Iranian calendar	1311 – 1312
Islamic calendar	1351 – 1352
Japanese calendar	Shōwa 8; (昭和8年)
Korean calendar	4266
Thai solar calendar	2476
	v · d · e

	1933 by topic:
	Subject
	Archaeology – Architecture – Art – Aviation – Awards – Comics – Film – Literature (Poetry) – Meteorology – Music (Country) – Rail transport – Radio – Science – Sports – Television
	By country
	Australia – Canada – China – Ecuador – France – Germany – Greece – India – Ireland – Italy – Japan – Malaya – Mexico – New Zealand – Norway – Palestine Mandate – Philippines – Singapore – South Africa– Soviet Union – UK – USA
	Leaders
	Sovereign states – State leaders – Religious leaders – Law
	Birth and death categories
	Births – Deaths
	Establishments and disestablishments categories
	Establishments – Disestablishments
	Works and introductions categories
	Works – Introductions
	v · d · e

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	19th century – 20th century – 21st century
Decades:	1900s 1910s 1920s – 1930s – 1940s 1950s 1960s
Years:	1930 1931 1932 – 1933 – 1934 1935 1936

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This article is about the year 1933.

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Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar.

[edit] Events

[edit] January

January 5: Golden Gate Bridge begun.

January 5 – Construction of the Golden Gate Bridge begins in San Francisco Bay.
January 11 – Sir Charles Kingsford Smith makes the first commercial flight between Australia and New Zealand.
January 15 – Political violence causes almost 100 deaths in Spain.
January 17 – The U.S. Congress votes favorably for Philippines independence, against the view of President Herbert Hoover.
January 23 – The Twentieth Amendment to the United States Constitution is ratified, changing Inauguration Day from March 4 to January 20 starting in 1937.
January 28 – The word Pakistan comes into being and is recognized by the Pakistan Movement to press for freedom.
January 30
- Edouard Daladier forms a government in France.
- Nazi leader Adolf Hitler is appointed Chancellor of Germany by President of Germany Paul von Hindenburg.
- The Lone Ranger debuts on American radio.

January 17: Vote on Philippines.

[edit] February

February 1 – Adolf Hitler gives his "Proclamation to the German People" in Berlin.
February 4 – A mutiny starts on the Dutch pantserschip De Zeven Provinciën.
February 6 – The 20th Amendment to the United States Constitution goes into effect.
February 6–February 7 – Officers on the USS Ramapo record a 34-meter high sea-wave in the Pacific Ocean.
February 9 – The Oxford Union approves a resolution stating, "That this House will in no circumstances fight for its King and country."
February 10 – The New York City-based Postal Telegraph Company introduces the first singing telegram.
February 15 – In Miami, Florida, Giuseppe Zangara attempts to assassinate President-elect Franklin D. Roosevelt, but instead fatally wounds Chicago Mayor Anton J. Cermak.
February 17
- Newsweek magazine is published for the first time.
- The Blaine Act ends Prohibition in the United States.
February 27 – Germany's parliament building in Berlin, the Reichstag, is set on fire (see Reichstag fire).
February 28 – The Reichstag Fire Decree is passed in response to the Reichstag fire, nullifying many German civil liberties.

[edit] March

March 2 – The original film version of King Kong, starring Fay Wray, premieres at Radio City Music Hall and the RKO Roxy Theatre in New York City.
March 3
- Ching Yun University is established.
- Mount Rushmore National Memorial is dedicated.
- A powerful earthquake and tsunami hit Honshū, Japan, killing some 3,000.
March 4
- U.S. President Herbert Hoover is succeeded by Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR), who in reference to the Great Depression, proclaims "The only thing we have to fear, is fear itself" in his inauguration speech. FDR is sworn in by Chief Justice Charles Evans Hughes. It is also the last time Inauguration Day in the United States occurs on March 4.
- Frances Perkins becomes United States Secretary of Labor, and the first female member of the United States Cabinet.
- The Parliament of Austria is suspended because of a quibble over procedure; Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss initiates authoritarian rule by decree (see Austrofascism).
March 5
- The Great Depression: President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a "bank holiday", closing all United States banks and freezing all financial transactions (the 'holiday' ends on March 13).
- German election, 1933: National Socialists gain 43.9% of the votes.
March 6 – Mayor Anton Cermak of Chicago dies of the wound he received on February 15.
March 9 – Great Depression: The U.S. Congress begins its first 100 days of enacting New Deal legislation.
March 10 – An earthquake in Long Beach, California kills 117 people.
March 12 – Great Depression: Franklin Delano Roosevelt addresses the nation for the first time as President of the United States, in the first of his "Fireside Chats".
March 15
- The Dow Jones Industrial Average rises from 53.84 to 62.10. The day's gain of 15.34%, achieved during the depths of the Great Depression, remains to date as the largest 1-day percentage gain for the index.
- Austrian Chancellor Engelbert Dollfuss keeps members of the National Council from convening, starting the Austrofascist dictatorship.
March 20 – Dachau, the first Nazi concentration camp, is completed (it opens March 22).
March 23
- The Reichstag passes the Enabling Act, making Adolf Hitler dictator of Germany.
- President Franklin Roosevelt signed an amendment to the Volstead Act known as the Cullen-Harrison Act, allowing the manufacture and sale of "3.2 beer" (3.2% alcohol by weight, approximately 4% alcohol by volume) and light wines.
March 24 – Jews call for a boycott of German goods.
March 27 – Japan leaves the League of Nations.
March 31 – The Civilian Conservation Corps is established with the mission to relieve rampant unemployment.

[edit] April

April 1 – The recently elected Nazis under Julius Streicher organize a one-day boycott of all Jewish-owned businesses in Germany.
April 3
- An anti-monarchist rebellion occurs in Siam (Thailand).
- First flight over Mount Everest, a British expedition, led by the Marquis of Clydesdale, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston
April 4 – The American airship Akron crashes off the coast of New Jersey, leaving 73 dead.
April 5
- The International Court in the Hague decides that Greenland belongs to Denmark and condemns Norwegian landings on eastern Greenland. Norway submits to the decision.
- President Franklin D. Roosevelt declares a national emergency and issues Executive Order 6102, making it illegal for American citizens to own gold.
April 7
- Beer is legalized in the United States, eight months before the full repeal of Prohibition in December.
- The Law for the Restoration of the Professional Civil Service is passed in Germany.
April 11 – Aviator Bill Lancaster takes off in England, in an attempt to make a speed record to the Cape of Good Hope, but vanishes (his body was not found until 1962, in the Sahara Desert).
April 19 – The United States officially goes off the gold standard.
April 21 – Nazi Germany outlaws the kosher ritual shechita.
April 26
- The Gestapo is established in Germany.
- Editors of the Harvard Lampoon steal the Sacred Cod of Massachusetts from the State House (it is returned two days later).
April 27
- The Jessop & Son department store in Nottingham, England is acquired by John Lewis Partnership (its first store outside of London).
- The Stahlhelm organization joins the Nazi party.

[edit] May

May 2
- The first alleged modern sighting of the Loch Ness Monster occurs.
- Gleichschaltung: Adolf Hitler bans trade unions.
May 3 – Nellie Tayloe Ross becomes the first woman to be named director of the United States Mint.
May 5 – The detection by Karl Jansky of radio waves from the center of the Milky Way Galaxy is reported in the New York Times. The discovery leads to the birth of radio astronomy.
May 8 – Mohandas Gandhi begins a 3-week hunger strike because of the mistreatment of the lower castes.
May 10
- In Germany, the Nazis stage massive public book burnings.
- Paraguay declares war on Bolivia.
May 12 – Agricultural Adjustment Act is enacted in the USA.
May 17 – Vidkun Quisling and Johan Bernhard Hjort form The Nasjonal Samling (the National-Socialist Party) of Norway.
May 18 – New Deal: President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signs an act creating the Tennessee Valley Authority.
May 26 – The Nazi Party in Germany introduces a law to legalize eugenic sterilization.
May 27
- New Deal: The Federal Securities Act is signed into law, requiring the registration of securities with the Federal Trade Commission.
- The Century of Progress World's Fair opens in Chicago.
- Walt Disney's classic Silly Symphony cartoon The Three Little Pigs is first released.

[edit] June

June 5 – The U.S. Congress abrogates the United States' use of the gold standard by enacting a joint resolution (48 Stat. 112) nullifying the right of creditors to demand payment in gold.
June 6 – The first drive-in theater opens in Camden, New Jersey.
June 12 – The London Economic Conference is held.
June 17 – Union Station massacre: In Kansas City, Missouri, Pretty Boy Floyd kills 4 unarmed FBI agents and captured fugitive Frank Nash in a failed attempt to free him.
June 21 – All non-Nazi parties are forbidden in Germany.
June 25 – The Wilmersdorfer Tennishallen delegates convene in Berlin.
June 26 – The American Totalisator Company unveils its first electronic pari-mutuel betting machine at the Arlington Park Racetrack near Chicago.

[edit] July

July 1 – The London Passenger Transport Board is founded.
July 4 – Gandhi is sentenced to prison in India.
July 6 – The first Major League Baseball All-Star Game is played at Comiskey Park in Chicago.
July 14 – Forming new political parties is forbidden in Germany.
July 15 – International Left Opposition (ILO) is renamed International Communist League (ICL).
July 20 – Vatican state secretary Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius XII) signs an accord with Hitler.
July 22
- Wiley Post becomes the first person to fly solo around the world, traveling 15,596 mi (25,099 km) in 7 days 18 hours 45 minutes.
- "Machine-Gun" Kelly and Albert Bates kidnap Charles Urschel, an Oklahoma oilman, and demand $200,000 ransom.
July 24 – Several members of the Barrow Gang are injured or captured during a running battle with local police near Dexter, Iowa.

[edit] August

August – Simele massacre: More than 3,000 Assyrian Iraqis are killed by the government.
August 1 – The Blue Eagle emblem of the National Recovery Administration is displayed publicly for the first time.
August 2 – Opening of the Stalin White Sea – Baltic Sea Canal, a 227 km navigable waterway constructed using forced labour in the Soviet Union connecting the White Sea with Lake Onega and the Baltic.
August 14 – Loggers cause a forest fire in the Coast Range of Oregon, later known as the first forest fire of the Tillamook Burn. It is extinguished on September 5, after destroying 240,000 acres (971 km²).
August 25 – The Diexi earthquake shakes Mao County, Sichuan, China and kills 9,000 people.
August 30
- Theodor Lessing is assassinated in Marienbad (Mariánské Lázně), Czechoslovakia.
- Air France begins operations with 250 planes.

[edit] September

September 3 – Alejandro Lerroux forms a new government in Spain.
September 12 – Leó Szilárd, waiting for a red light on Southampton Row in Bloomsbury, conceives the idea of the nuclear chain reaction.
September 26 – A tornado destroys the town of Tampico, Mexico.

[edit] October

October 1 – A failed assassination attempt against Englebert Dolfuss seriously injures him.
October 10 – A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed near Chesterton, Indiana, by a bomb. This is the first proven case of air sabotage in commercial airline history.
October 12 – The United States Army Disciplinary Barracks on Alcatraz is acquired by the United States Department of Justice, which plans to incorporate the island into its Federal Bureau of Prisons as a federal penitentiary.
October 16 – Germany announces its intention to officially leave the League of Nations.
October 17 – Albert Einstein arrives in the United States as a refugee from Nazi Germany.

[edit] November

November 5 – Spanish Basques vote for autonomy.
November 8 – New Deal: – U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt unveils the Civil Works Administration, an organization designed to create jobs for more than 4 million of the unemployed.
November 11 – Dust Bowl: In South Dakota, a very strong dust storm strips topsoil from desiccated farmlands (one of a series of disastrous dust storms that year).
November 16
- The United States and the Soviet Union establish formal diplomatic relations.
- President of Brazil Getulio Vargas names himself dictator.
November 19 – Spanish Second Republic: General elections result in victory by the right-wing parties.

[edit] December

December 5 – The 21st Amendment to the United States Constitution is passed, repealing Prohibition.
December 15 – The US 21st Amendment officially goes into effect, alcohol becomes legal in the US.
December 18 – Korean Empire (South Korea and North Korea) is founded.
December 21 – The British Plastics Federation (the oldest in the world) is founded.
December 24 – A train crash in Lagny^{[disambiguation needed]}, France kills over 200.
December 26
- The Nissan Motor Company is organized in Tokyo, Japan.
- FM radio is patented.
December 29 – Members of the Iron Guard assassinate Ion Gheorghe Duca, prime minister of Romania.

[edit] Date unknown

The United States Federal Government outlaws cannabis.
A coup attempt against Franklin Delano Roosevelt fails in the United States (see Smedley Butler).
US President Roosevelt rejects socialism and government ownership of industry.
Nazi Germany forms the Expert Committee on Questions of Population and Racial Policy under Reich Interior Minister Wilhelm Frick.
The Holodomor famine takes place in Ukraine.
The first doughnut store under the Krispy Kreme name opens in Nashville, Tennessee.^[1]
Jimmie Angel becomes the first foreigner to see the Angel Falls (they are named after him).
The Adélaïde Concerto, a spurious work attributed to Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, is published as "edited" (actually composed) by Marius Casadesus.
The Children and Young Persons Act is passed in Great Britain.
15 million unemployed in the USA.
Five coalition cabinets form and fall in France.
Turkey concludes a treaty with the creditors of the former Ottoman Empire to schedule the payments in Paris. (Turkey succeeds in clearing all the debt in less than twenty years.)
The British Interplanetary Society is founded.
The first dated ISCF group was started in Australia at North Sydney Boys High School, with the group still running today.