1675

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Year 1675 (MDCLXXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar.

[edit] Events

[edit] January–June

• January 5 – Franco-Dutch War – Battle of Turckheim: In Turckheim, Alsace, France, the French defeat Austria and Brandenburg.
• January 29 – John Sassamon, an English-educated Native American Christian, dies at Assawampsett Pond, an event which will trigger a year-long war between English American colonists of New England and Algonquian Native American tribes.
• June 8 – John Sassamon's alleged murderers are executed at Plymouth.
• June 11 – Armed Wampanoags are reported traveling around Swansea, Massachusetts.
• June 14–June 25 – Colonial authorities of Rhode Island, Plymouth, and Massachusetts attempt a negotiation with Metacomet (King Philip), leader of the Wampanoags, and seek guarantees of fidelity from the Nipmuck and Narragansett tribes.
• June 24 – King Philip's War breaks out as the Wampanoags attack Swansea.
• June 26 – Massachusetts troops march to Swansea to join the Plymouth troops.
• June 26–June 29 – Wampanoags assault Rehoboth and Taunton; the natives elude colonial troops and leave Mount Hope for Pocasset, Massachusetts. The Mohegan tribe travels to Boston in order to side with the English colonists against the Wampanoags.
• June 28 – Battle of Fehrbellin: Brandenburg defeats the Swedes.

[edit] July–December

• July 15 – The Narragansett tribe signs a peace treaty with Connecticut.
• July 16 – July 24 – An envoy from Massachusetts attempts to negotiate with the Nipmuck tribe.
• August 2 – August 4 – The Nipmucks attack Massachusetts troops and besiege Brookfield, Massachusetts.
• August 10 – King Charles II of England places the foundation stone of the Royal Greenwich Observatory in London; construction begins.
• August 13 – The Massachusetts Council orders that Christian Indians are to be confined to designated praying towns.
• September 1 – September 2 – While Wampanoags and Nipmucks attack Deerfield, Massachusetts, Captain Samuel Moseley commands Massachusetts troops in an attack on the Pennacook tribe.
• September 12 – English colonists abandon Deerfield, Squakeag, and Brookfield due to a coalition of Indian attacks.
• September 18 – The Narragansetts sign a treaty with the English in Boston; meanwhile, Massachusetts troops are ambushed near Northampton, Massachusetts.
• October 5 – The Pocomtuc tribe attacks and destroys Springfield, Massachusetts.
• October 13 – The Massachusetts Council convenes and agrees that all Christian Indians should be ordered to move to Deer Island.
• November 2–November 12 – Commissioners of the Thirteen Colonies organize a united force to attack the Narragansett tribe.
• November 11
  • Guru Gobind Singh becomes the tenth Guru of the Sikhs.
  • Gottfried Leibniz uses infinitesimal calculus on a function.
  • Guru Teg Bahadur, the ninth prophet of the Sikhs, is executed by Mughal rulers. He prefers execution to defend the right of Hindus to practice their own religion.
• December 19 – United colonial forces attack the Narragansetts at the Great Swamp Fight.

[edit] Date unknown

• Cassini discovers Saturn's Cassini Division.
• Antonie van Leeuwenhoek begins to use a microscope for observing human tissues and liquids.

[edit] Births

• January 16 – Louis de Rouvroy, duc de Saint-Simon, French writer (d. 1755)
• February 21 – Franz Xaver Josef von Unertl, Bavarian politician (d. 1750)
• February 28 – Guillaume Delisle, French cartographer (d. 1726)
• March 31 – Pope Benedict XIV (d. 1758)
• May 29 – Humphry Ditton, English mathematician (d. 1715)
• June 1 – Francesco Scipione, marchese di Maffei, Italian archaeologist (d. 1755)
• July 5 – Mary Walcott, American accuser at the Salem witch trials
• July 12 – Evaristo Abaco, Italian composer (d. 1742)
• July 14 – Claude Alexandre de Bonneval, French soldier (d. 1747)
• September 2 – William Somervile, English poet (d. 1742)
• September 3 – Paul Dudley, Attorney-General of Massachusetts (d. 1751)
• October 11 – Samuel Clarke, English philosopher (d. 1729)
• October 21 – Emperor Higashiyama of Japan (d. 1710)
• October 24 – Richard Temple, 1st Viscount Cobham, English soldier and politician (d. 1749)

[edit] Deaths

• February 9 – Gerhard Douw, Dutch painter (b. 1613)
• March 18 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish soldier (b. 1606)
• April 12 – Richard Bennett, British Colonial Governor of Virginia (b. 1609)
• May 18 – Stanisław Lubieniecki, Polish Socinian theologist (b. 1623)
• May 18 – Father Jacques Marquette, French missionary and explorer (b. 1636)
• May 27 – Gaspard Dughet, French painter (b. 1613)
• June 12 – Charles Emmanuel II of Savoy (b. 1634)
• July 27 – Henri de la Tour d'Auvergne, Vicomte de Turenne, Marshal of France (b. 1611)
• July 28 – Bulstrode Whitelocke, English lawyer (b. 1605)
• September 18 – Charles IV, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1604)
• September 23 – Valentin Conrart, founder of the Académie française (b. 1603)
• October 26 – William Sprague, English co-founder of Charlestown, Massachusetts (b. 1609)
• October 27 – Gilles de Roberval, French mathematician (b. 1602)
• November 1 – Guru Tegh Bahadur, 9th Sikh Guru (b. 1621)
• November 28 – Basil Feilding, 2nd Earl of Denbigh, English Civil War soldier
• November 28 – Leonard Hoar, American President of Harvard University (b. 1630)
• November 30 – Cæcilius Calvert, 2nd Baron Baltimore, colonial Governor of Maryland (b. 1605)
• December 6 – John Lightfoot, English church goer (b. 1602)
• December 15 – Johannes Vermeer, Dutch painter (b. 1632)
• December 23 – Caesar, duc de Choiseul, French marshal and diplomat (b. 1602)

[edit] References