From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 272 days remaining until the end of the year.
[edit] Events
- 1043 – Edward the Confessor is crowned King of England.
- 1077 – The first Parliament of Friuli is created.
- 1559 – The Peace of Cateau-Cambrésis treaty is signed, ending the Italian Wars.
- 1834 – The generals in the Greek War of Independence stand trial for treason.
- 1860 – The first successful United States Pony Express run from Saint Joseph, Missouri to Sacramento, California begins.
- 1865 – American Civil War: Union forces capture Richmond, Virginia, the capital of the Confederate States of America.
- 1882 – American Old West: Jesse James is killed by Robert Ford.
- 1885 – Gottlieb Daimler is granted a German patent for his engine design.
- 1888 – The first of 11 unsolved brutal murders of women committed in or near the impoverished Whitechapel district in the East End of London, occurs.
- 1895 – Trial of the libel case instigated by Oscar Wilde begins, eventually resulting in his imprisonment on charges of homosexuality.
- 1922 – Joseph Stalin becomes the first General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
- 1929 – RMS Queen Mary is ordered from John Brown & Company Shipbuilding and Engineering by Cunard Line.
- 1933 – First flight over Mount Everest, a British expedition, led by the Marquis of Clydesdale, and funded by Lucy, Lady Houston
- 1936 – Bruno Richard Hauptmann is executed for the kidnapping and death of Charles Augustus Lindbergh, Jr., the baby son of pilot Charles Lindbergh.
- 1942 – World War II: Japanese forces begin an assault on the United States and Filipino troops on the Bataan Peninsula.
- 1946 – Japanese Lt. General Masaharu Homma is executed in the Philippines for leading the Bataan Death March.
- 1948 – President Harry S. Truman signs the Marshall Plan, authorizing $5 billion in aid for 16 countries.
- 1948 – In Jeju, South Korea, a civil-war-like period of violence and human rights abuses begins, known as the Jeju massacre.
- 1955 – The American Civil Liberties Union announces it will defend Allen Ginsberg's book Howl against obscenity charges.
- 1956 – Hudsonville-Standale Tornado: The western half of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan is struck by a deadly F5 tornado.
- 1961 – The Leadbeater's Possum is rediscovered in Australia after 72 years.
- 1968 – Martin Luther King, Jr. delivers his "I've Been to the Mountaintop" speech.
- 1969 – Vietnam War: United States Secretary of Defense Melvin Laird announces that the United States will start to "Vietnamize" the war effort.
- 1973 – Martin Cooper of Motorola made the first handheld mobile phone call to Joel S. Engel of Bell Labs, though it took ten years for the DynaTAC 8000X to become the first such phone to be commercially released.
- 1974 – The Super Outbreak occurs, the biggest tornado outbreak in recorded history. The death toll is 315, with nearly 5,500 injured.
- 1975 – Bobby Fischer refuses to play in a chess match against Anatoly Karpov, giving Karpov the title of World Champion by default.
- 1981 – The Osborne 1, the first successful portable computer, is unveiled at the West Coast Computer Faire in San Francisco.
- 1996 – Suspected "Unabomber" Theodore Kaczynski is arrested at his cabin in Montana, United States.
- 1996 – A United States Air Force airplane carrying United States Secretary of Commerce Ron Brown crashes in Croatia, killing all 35 on board.
- 1997 – The Thalit massacre begins in Algeria; all but 1 of the 53 inhabitants of Thalit are killed by guerrillas.
- 2000 – United States v. Microsoft: Microsoft is ruled to have violated United States antitrust laws by keeping "an oppressive thumb" on its competitors.
- 2004 – Islamic terrorists involved in the 11 March 2004 Madrid attacks are trapped by the police in their apartment and kill themselves.
- 2007 – Conventional-Train World Speed Record: a French TGV train on the LGV Est high speed line sets an official new world speed record.
- 2008 – ATA Airlines, once one of the 10 largest U.S. passenger airlines and largest charter airline, files for bankruptcy for the second time in 5 years and ceases all operations.
- 2008 – Texas law enforcement cordons off the FLDS's YFZ Ranch. Eventually 533 women and children will be removed and taken into state custody.
[edit] Births
- 1151 – Igor Svyatoslavich, Kievan Rus' prince (d. 1202)
- 1367 – King Henry IV of England (d. 1413)
- 1529 – Michael Neander, German mathematician and astronomer (d. 1581)
- 1593 – George Herbert, English poet and orator (d. 1633)
- 1643 – Charles V, Duke of Lorraine, general of the Holy Roman Empire (d. 1690)
- 1683 – Mark Catesby, English naturalist (d. 1749)
- 1693 – George Edwards, English naturalist (d. 1773)
- 1715 – William Watson, English physician and scientist (d. 1787)
- 1764 – John Abernethy, English surgeon (d. 1831)
- 1769 – Christian Günther von Bernstorff, Danish and Prussian statesman and diplomat (d. 1835)
- 1770 – Theodoros Kolokotronis, Greek general (d. 1843)
- 1783 – Washington Irving, American author (d. 1859)
- 1806 – Ivan Kireevsky, Russian literary critic and philosopher (d. 1856)
- 1814 – Lorenzo Snow, 5th president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) (d. 1901)
- 1821 – T. Pelham Dale, Anglican clergyman prosecuted for Ritualist practices in the 1870s (d. 1892)
- 1822 – Edward Everett Hale, American writer (d. 1909)
- 1823 – William Magear "Boss" Tweed, American political boss (d. 1878)
- 1823 – George Horatio Derby, Early American humorist (d. 1861)
- 1842 – Ulric Dahlgren, American Unionist colonel (d. 1864)
- 1880 – Otto Weininger, Austrian philosopher (d. 1903)
- 1881 – Alcide De Gasperi, Prime Minister of Italy (d. 1954)
- 1885 – Allan Dwan, Canadian-born American film director (d. 1981)
- 1885 – Bud Fisher, American cartoonist (d. 1954)
- 1887 – Ōtori Tanigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 24th Yokozuna (d. 1956)
- 1887 – Nishizō Tsukahara, Japanese naval commander (d. 1966)
- 1889 – Grigoraş Dinicu, Romanian composer and violinist (d. 1949)
- 1893 – Leslie Howard, English actor (d. 1943)
- 1893 – Princess Maud of Fife (d. 1945)
- 1895 – Mario Castelnuovo-Tedesco, Italian composer (d. 1968)
- 1897 – Thrasyvoulos Tsakalotos, Greek officer who served in World War I, the Minor Asia Campaign and World War II (d. 1989)
- 1898 – George Jessel, American comedian (d. 1981)
- 1898 – Henry Luce, American publisher (d. 1967)
- 1899 – David Jack, English footballer (d. 1958)
- 1900 – Albert Walsh, Lieutenant Governor of Newfoundland (d. 1958)
- 1904 – Sally Rand, American burlesque dancer (d. 1979)
- 1904 – Russel Wright, American industrial designer (d. 1976)
- 1905 – Robert Frederick Sink, United States Army Officer (d. 1965)
- 1907 – Iron Eyes Cody, American actor (d. 1999)
- 1911 – Stanisława Walasiewicz, Polish Olympic athlete (d. 1980)
- 1912 – Gregoris Lambrakis, Greek politician, physician and athlete (d. 1963)
- 1913 – Per Borten, Premier of Norway (d. 2005)
- 1915 – Piet de Jong, Dutch politician, Prime Minister of the Netherlands from 1967 until 1971
- 1915 – İhsan Doğramacı, Turkish physician and academic (d. 2010)
- 1916 – Herb Caen, American newspaper columnist (d. 1997)
- 1918 – Louis Applebaum, Canadian composer, conductor and administrator (d. 2000)
- 1920 – John Demjanjuk, Ukrainian-born American auto worker, alleged Nazi
- 1920 – Stan Freeman, American composer and lyricist (d. 2001)
- 1920 – Yoshibayama Junnosuke, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 43rd Yokozuna (d. 1977)
- 1921 – Robert Karvelas, American actor (d. 1991)
- 1921 – Darío Moreno, Turkish-Jewish singer and songwriter (d. 1968)
- 1921 – Jan Sterling, American actress (d. 2004)
- 1924 – Doris Day, American actress, singer and animal rights activist
- 1924 – Marlon Brando, American actor (d. 2004)
- 1924 – Peter Hawkins, English actor (d. 2006)
- 1925 – Tony Benn, British politician
- 1926 – Alex Grammas, American Major League Baseball coach
- 1926 – Virgil "Gus" Grissom, American astronaut (d. 1967)
- 1928 – Don Gibson, American country musician (d. 2003)
- 1928 – Kevin Hagen, American actor (d. 2005)
- 1928 – Jennifer Paterson, English chef and TV personality (d. 1999)
- 1929 – Lee Leonard, American television personality
- 1929 – Poul Schlüter, Danish politician
- 1930 – Lawton Chiles, U.S. (Florida) Senator and Governor (d. 1998)
- 1930 – Helmut Kohl, Chancellor of Germany
- 1930 – Wally Moon, American baseball player
- 1933 – Bob Dornan, American politician
- 1934 – Jane Goodall, English zoologist
- 1936 – Scott LaFaro, American musician (d. 1961)
- 1936 – Jimmy McGriff, American jazz organist (d. 2008)
- 1938 – Jeff Barry, American songwriter and record producer
- 1939 – François de Roubaix, French film score composer (d. 1975)
- 1939 – Paul Craig Roberts, American economist
- 1941 – Jan Berry, American musician (d. 2004)
- 1941 – Carl Boenish, American father of BASE jumping (d. 1984)
- 1941 – Eric Braeden, German-born actor
- 1941 – Philippé Wynne, American musician (d. 1984)
- 1942 – Marsha Mason, American actress
- 1942 – Wayne Newton, American singer
- 1942 – Marek Perepeczko, Polish actor (d. 2005)
- 1942 – Billy Joe Royal, American singer
- 1943 – Mario Lavista, Mexican composer
- 1943 – Jonathan Lynn, British actor and comedy writer
- 1943 – Richard Manuel, Canadian musician and songwriter (d. 1986)
- 1943 – Doreen Tracey, English-born Mouseketeer
- 1944 – Tony Orlando, American musician
- 1945 – Bernard Parent, Quebec ice hockey player
- 1945 – Catherine Spaak, French actress
- 1946 – Marisa Paredes, Spanish actress
- 1946 – Hanna Suchocka, Poland's first female prime minister
- 1948 – Arlette Cousture, French-Canadian writer
- 1948 – Carlos Salinas, President of Mexico
- 1948 – Jaap de Hoop Scheffer, Dutch Politician and General Secretary of NATO
- 1949 – Lyle Alzado, American football player (d. 1992)
- 1949 – Anthony Grayling, British philosopher
- 1949 – Richard Thompson, English musician and songwriter
- 1950 – Sally Thomsett, English actress
- 1951 – Mel Schacher, American musician
- 1952 – Mike Moore, American politician and attorney
- 1953 – Craig Taubman, Jewish singer
- 1952 – K. Krishnasamy, Indian politician and physician
- 1953 – Sandra Boynton, American greeting-card designer, illustrator, and author
- 1953 – Wakanohana Kanji II, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 56th Yokozuna
- 1954 – Elisabetta Brusa, Italian composer
- 1955 – Hariharan, Indian singer
- 1956 – Miguel Bosé, Spanish musician and actor
- 1956 – Ray Combs, American game show host and comedian (d. 1996)
- 1956 – Boris Miljkovic, Serbian director
- 1958 – Alec Baldwin, American actor
- 1958 – Jaya Prada, Indian actress
- 1959 – David Hyde Pierce, American actor
- 1960 – Arjen Anthony Lucassen, Dutch musician
- 1960 – Marie Denise Pelletier, Quebec singer
- 1961 – Eddie Murphy, American actor and comedian
- 1961 – Michalis Rakintzis, Greek songwriter and singer
- 1962 – Mike Ness, American musician
- 1962 – Jennifer Rubin, American actress
- 1962 – Brenda Ann Spencer, American "I Hate Mondays" murderer
- 1963 – Criss Oliva, American musician (d. 1993)
- 1963 – Jack Del Rio, American football coach
- 1963 – Tsuyoshi Sekito, Japanese composer
- 1964 – Bjarne Riis, Danish cyclist
- 1964 – Andy Robinson, English rugby player
- 1965 – Nazia Hassan, South Asian pop singer (d. 2000)
- 1966 – Mina Tominaga, Japanese seiyu (voice actress)
- 1966 – John de Vries, Australian racing driver
- 1967 – Pervis Ellison, American basketball player
- 1967 – Brent Gilchrist, Canadian ice hockey player
- 1967 – Mark Skaife, Australian racing driver
- 1968 – Sebastian Bach, Canadian musician
- 1968 – Charlotte Coleman, English actress (d. 2001)
- 1968 – Jamie Hewlett, English illustrator
- 1969 – Lance Storm, Canadian wrestler
- 1971 – Picabo Street, American alpine ski champion
- 1972 – Leigh-Allyn Baker, American actress
- 1972 – Jennie Garth, American actress
- 1972 – Kenny Logan, Scottish rugby player
- 1972 – Sandrine Testud, French Top-10 tennis player
- 1973 – Jamie Bamber, English actor
- 1973 – Matthew Ferguson, Canadian actor
- 1974 – Drew Shirley, American musician (Switchfoot)
- 1975 – Shawn Bates, American ice hockey player
- 1975 – Michael Olowokandi, Nigerian basketball player
- 1975 – Aries Spears, American comedian
- 1975 – Yoshinobu Takahashi, Japanese baseball player
- 1975 – Koji Uehara, Japanese baseball player
- 1976 – Will Mellor, English actor
- 1978 – Matthew Goode, English actor
- 1978 – Tommy Haas, German tennis player
- 1978 – John Smit, South African rugby player
- 1979 – Grégoire, French singer-songwriter
- 1979 – Leandro Vieira, Brazilian footballer
- 1981 – Aaron Bertram, American musician
- 1981 – Matthew Nash, Australian footballer
- 1981 – Heath Ramsay, Australian Olympic swimmer
- 1981 – DeShawn Stevenson, American basketball player
- 1982 – Jared Allen, American football player
- 1982 – Fler, German rapper
- 1982 – Iain Fyfe, Australian footballer
- 1982 – Kasumi Nakane, Japanese gravure idol
- 1982 – Cobie Smulders, Canadian actress
- 1983 – Errol Barnett, English reporter
- 1983 – Ben Foster, English footballer
- 1984 – Jonathan Blondel, Belgian footballer
- 1984 – Maxi López, Argentine footballer
- 1985 – Jari-Matti Latvala, Finnish rally driver
- 1985 – Leona Lewis, English singer
- 1986 – Amanda Bynes, American actress
- 1986 – Sergio Sánchez, Spanish footballer
- 1987 – Jay Bruce, American baseball player
- 1987 – Jason Kipnis, American baseball player
- 1987 – Park Jung Min, Korean singer (SS501)
- 1987 – Julie Sokolow, American musician
- 1987 – Sal Zizzo, American soccer player
- 1988 – Peter Hartley, English footballer
- 1988 – Tim Krul, Dutch footballer
- 1989 – Israel Folau, Australian rules footballer
- 1989 – Thisara Perera, Sri Lankan cricket player
- 1990 – Karim Ansarifard, Iranian footballer
- 1990 – Sotiris Ninis, Greek footballer
- 1991 – Hayley Kiyoko, Japanese-American actress
- 1992 – Yuliya Yefimova, Russian swimmer
- 2001 – Sophie Delezio, Australian medical figure
[edit] Deaths
- 963 – William III, Duke of Aquitaine (b. 915)
- 1287 – Pope Honorius IV, Pope for two years from 1285 to 1287 (b. c. 1210)
- 1350 – Eudes IV, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1295)
- 1606 – Charles Blount, 1st Earl of Devon, English politician (b. 1563)
- 1680 – Shivaji, founder of the Maratha Empire, India (b. 1630)
- 1682 – Bartolomé Estéban Murillo, Spanish painter (b. 1618)
- 1691 – Jean Petitot, Swiss enamel painter (b. 1608)
- 1695 – Melchior d'Hondecoeter, Dutch painter (b. c. 1636)
- 1717 – Jacques Ozanam, French mathematician (b. 1640)
- 1728 – James Anderson, Scottish lawyer (b. 1662)
- 1792 – George Pocock, British admiral (b. 1706)
- 1804 – Jędrzej Kitowicz, Polish priest
- 1827 – Ernst Chladni, German physicist (b. 1756)
- 1838 – François Carlo Antommarchi, French physician (b. 1780)
- 1849 – Juliusz Słowacki, Polish poet (b. 1809)
- 1868 – Franz Berwald, Swedish composer and inventor (b. 1796)
- 1882 – Jesse James, American outlaw (b. 1847)
- 1897 – Johannes Brahms, German composer (b. 1833)
- 1901 – Richard D'Oyly Carte, British impresario (b. 1844)
- 1930 – Emma Albani, Canadian soprano (b. 1847)
- 1936 – Bruno Hauptmann, German killer of Charles Lindbergh III (b. 1899)
- 1941 – Pál Teleki, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1879)
- 1941 – Tachiyama Mineemon, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 22nd Yokozuna (b. 1877)
- 1943 – Conrad Veidt, German actor (b. 1893)
- 1950 – Carter G. Woodson, African-American historian, author, journalist and founder of Black History Month (b. 1875)
- 1950 – Kurt Weill, German composer (b. 1900)
- 1952 – Miina Sillanpää, Finnish politician, first female Finnish minister (b. 1866)
- 1962 – Manolis Kalomiris, Greek classical composer (b. 1883)
- 1965 – Ernst Kirchweger, Austrian communist and resistance fighter (b. 1898)
- 1971 – Joseph Valachi, American gangster (b. 1904)
- 1972 – Ferde Grofé, American composer (b. 1882)
- 1975 – Mary Ure, Scottish actress (b. 1933)
- 1978 – Ray Noble, English bandleader and composer (b. 1903)
- 1981 – Juan Trippe, Airline entrepreneur and pioneer, Pan Am founder (b. 1899)
- 1982 – Warren Oates, American character actor (b. 1928)
- 1986 – Peter Pears, English tenor (b. 1910)
- 1987 – Tom Sestak, American football player (b. 1936)
- 1988 – Milton Caniff, American cartoonist (Terry and the Pirates, Steve Canyon) (b. 1907)
- 1990 – Sarah Vaughan, American singer (b. 1924)
- 1991 – Charles Goren, American bridge player, writer, and columnist (b. 1901)
- 1991 – Graham Greene, English writer (b. 1904)
- 1993 – Pinky Lee, American comic and children's television host (b. 1907)
- 1994 – Frank Wells, American entertainment businessman (b. 1932)
- 1995 – Alfred J. Billes, Canadian businessman (Canadian Tire) (b. 1902)
- 1996 – Ron Brown, U.S. Secretary of Commerce (b. 1941)
- 1996 – Carl Stokes, Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio (b. 1927)
- 1998 – Mary Cartwright, English mathematician (b. 1900)
- 1999 – Lionel Bart, English composer (Oliver!) (b. 1930)
- 2000 – Terence McKenna, American writer and philosopher (b. 1946)
- 2002 – Fad Gadget, English singer and musician (b. 1956)
- 2003 – Michael Kelly, American journalist (b. 1957)
- 2004 – Gabriella Ferri, Italian singer (b. 1942)
- 2005 – Tony Croatto, Italian singer (b. 1940)
- 2005 – Jef Eygel, Belgian basketball player (b. 1933)
- 2006 – Royce Lint, Baseball player for the St. Louis Cardinals (b.1921)
- 2007 – Marion Eames, Welsh novelist (b. 1921)
- 2007 – Eddie Robinson, American football coach (b. 1919)
- 2007 – Nina Wang, Asia's richest woman (b. 1937)
- 2008 – Hrvoje Ćustić, Croatian football player (b. 1983)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
