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Three Laws-Compliant (trope)
"Skynet claims Three Laws of Robotics are unconstitutional."

Before around 1940, almost every Speculative Fiction story involving robots followed the Frankenstein model. A robot had to be constantly given instructions on what to do by a human, and in the absence of any such human control, it goes berserk. Fed up with this, a young Isaac Asimov decided to write stories about sympathetic robots, with programmed safeguards that prevented them from going on Robot Rampages. A conversation with Editor of Editors John W. Campbell helped him to boil down those safeguards into The Three Laws of Robotics:

  1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.
  2. A robot must obey orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.
  3. A robot must protect its own existence, as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.

According to Asimov's account, Campbell composed the Three Laws; according to Campbell's account, he was simply distilling concepts that were presented in Asimov's stories.note 

The laws cover most obvious situations, but they are far from faultless. Asimov got a great deal of mileage writing a huge body of stories about how the laws would conflict with one another and generate unpredictable behavior. A recurring character in many of these was the "robopsychologist" Susan Calvin (who was, not entirely coincidentally, a brilliant logician who hated people).

It is worth noting Asimov didn't just object to "the robot as menace stories" (as he called them) but also did not care for the "the robot as pathos" stories (ditto). He thought that robots attaining and growing to self-awareness and full independence were no more interesting than robots going berserk and turning against their masters. Though he did, over the course of his massive career, write a handful of both types of stories (still using the three laws), most of his robot stories dealt with robots as tools, because it made more sense. Almost all the stories surrounding Susan Calvin and her precursors are really about malfunctioning robots, and the mystery of investigating their behavior to discover the underlying conflicts.

Alas, as so often happens, Asimov's attempt to avert one overused trope gave birth to another that has been equally overused. Many writers (and readers) in the following decades would treat the Laws of Robotics as if they were as immutable as Newton's Laws of Motion, the Theory of Relativity, the Laws of Gravity... wait ... you know, they treated these laws better than they treated most real scientific principles.

Of course, even these near-immutable laws were played with and modified. Asimov eventually took one of the common workarounds and formalized it as a Zeroth Law, which stated that to a sufficiently advanced and well-informed robot, the well-being of humanity as a whole could take precedence over the health of an individual human. Stories by other authors occasionally proposed additional extensions, including a -1st law (sentience as a whole trumps humanity), 4th (robots must identify themselves as robots), a different 4th (robots are free to pursue other interests when not acting on the 1st-3rd laws) and 5th (robots must know they are robots), but unlike Asimov's own laws, these are seldom referenced outside the originating work.

The main problem, of course, is that it is perfectly reasonable to expect a human to create a robot that does not obey the Three Laws, or even have them as part of the robot’s programming. Obvious examples of this would be creating a Killer Robot for a purpose like fighting a war, or a SkeleBot 9000 with flesh covering designed to deceive humans about its true nature for espionage purposes. For such robots, the Three Laws would be a hindrance to its intended function. In his own stories, Asimov establishes that the Three Laws are hard-coded into the most basic programming that underlies all artificial intelligence; programming a non-Three-Laws-compliant robot would require going back to the beginning and rewriting its entire programming from scratch, not a trivial matter. Asimov also suggested one workaround for this: an autonomous spaceship programmed with the Three Laws could easily blow up spaceships full of people because, being an unmanned spaceship, it could be led to believe that other spaceships were unmanned as well.

Asimov also stated that the Three Laws of Robotics were actually a guideline for humans to follow, rather than robots — good, moral humans would naturally apply the three laws to themselves without thinking. The First Law is essentially a variation on The Golden Rule. The Second Law stipulates that one should be Lawful Good except when that conflicts with the First Law, i.e. when it's a To Be Lawful or Good situation. The Third Law indicates that your own self-interest should be placed behind the needs of others and the rules of your society. They also work as a descriptor of any properly built tool: a tool should be safe to operate (First Law), should be useful for its intended purpose (Second Law), and should not break in the course of normal operation, unless breaking is required to complete its purpose (Third Law).

When the Three Laws work properly, they are intended to create Benevolent A.I. and avert A.I. Is a Crapshoot. Also see "Second Law" My Ass!, for when the Robot Buddy doesn't abide by the Laws and is neither friendly nor helpful.


Examples:

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    Anime & Manga 
  • Ah! My Goddess: In one short arc, one of Keiichi's instructors attempts to dismantle Banpei and Sigel for research purposes (Skuld had made them capable of walking on two legs, which he had not been able to do with his own designs). Once they escape his trap, the professor asks if they know about the Three Laws of Robotics. They don't. He doesn't die, but they do rough him up and strap him to a table in a way that makes it look like he'd been decapitated and his head stuck on one of his own robots.
  • Astro Boy has its own set of laws the robots follow, although Osamu Tezuka probably developed his rules independently from Asimov, and they're greater in number. Aside from the usual "Don't harm humans," other laws exist, such as laws forbidding international travel to robots (unless permission is granted), adult robots acting like children, and robots not being allowed to reprogram their assigned gender. However, the very first law has this to say: "Robots exist to make people happy." In Pluto, the number of robots able to override the laws can be counted on one hand. One of them is the protagonist. Tezuka reportedly disliked Asimov's laws because of the implication that a sentient, artificially intelligent robot couldn't be considered a person, and devised his own Laws Of Robotics:
    1. Robots must serve humanity.
    2. Robots must not kill or harm humans.
    3. A robot must call its human creator “father.”
    4. A robot can make anything, except money.
    5. Robots may not go abroad without permission.
    6. Male and female robots may not change their genders.
    7. Robots may not change their face to become a different robot.
    8. A robot created as an adult may not become a child.
    9. A robot may not reassemble a robot that has been disassembled by a human.
    10. Robots shall not destroy human homes or tools.
  • Played with in The Big O. While not all androids in the series are Three-Laws Compliant, one exchange suggests that main character R Dorothy Waynewright (whose name is a Shout-Out to the works of Asimov) is. During a fight with Alan Gabriel, whose status as robot or human is unclear, she initially fights back very little and appears to be losing. She asks him whether he's a human or a robot like her, and he answers jokingly, "I'm the boogeyman!" Apparently taking this as a literal statement that he's not human (and therefore violence against him would not violate the First Law), she proceeds to open a can of whoop-ass. (For reference, Gabriel is later revealed to be a cyborg.)
  • Discussed in the Chobits manga when Hideki asks the wife of the man who created Persocoms why he didn't just call them "Robots." Her reply was that he didn't want them to be associated with, and thus bound by, the Three Laws.
  • Though technically human, the "Twilights" or "Tagged" of Gangsta. are forced to follow the Three Laws as part of the rules that save them from mandatory enslavement. It should be noted, however, that the Three Laws don't prevent them from being hirable as mercenaries or hitmen.
  • GaoGaiGar robots are all Three-Laws Compliant. At one point in GaoGaiGar FINAL the Carpenters (a swarm of construction robots) disassemble an incoming missile barrage, but cannot do the same to the manned assault craft, as disassembling them would leave their crews unprotected in space.
  • Godzilla: Singular Point: Jet Jaguar is Three-Laws Compliant once he's upgraded with an onboard AI.
  • I'm the Evil Lord of an Intergalactic Empire!: In an anime-only example, when Liam is told in episode 2 about the Robot War that led to the founding of the Algrand Empire, he's surprised that Asimov's Laws weren't implemented in the setting. He later starts to explain the laws to his Robot Maid Amagi, but decides on second thought that he doesn't give a damn about the rest of humanity, and so saddles her with his own variation that only applies to him: they're identical to the original Three Laws, except they search-and-replace "human" with "master".
  • The Humongous Mecha of Linebarrels of Iron are normally this, aside from a slight difference in priorities between the first and second laws. In fact, this is the justification for them having pilots, despite being equipped with relatively complex AI. The Laws are hard-coded into them and thus they are only militarily useful when they have a Human with them to pull the trigger. Their aversion to killing is so great, in fact, that if one accidentally kills somebody (as things whose very footsteps can make buildings collapse are wont to do) they're compelled to use their advanced technology to bring them back to life.
  • Invoked in Episode 3 of Majikoi! Love Me Seriously!, where Miyako orders Cookie to taze Yamato into submission, while Yamato orders the robot to get Miyako off him. Cookie considers this dilemma out loud, where he has to obey a human command, yet isn't allowed to seriously hurt a human, yet also cannot allow a human to come to harm through his inaction.
  • Mega Man Megamix: Proto Man was meant to be a Super Prototype of a new generation of robots capable of independent thought. But after several incidents of robots programmed to be independent acting on their own accord and refusing to simply follow the orders of humans, Dr. Light included a failsafe that would prevent Proto Man from breaking the Three Laws of Robotics. Sadly, this procedure was not only incomplete and buggy but also caused a fatal error in Proto Man's energy generator. He then left Light own his own free will before the doctor could repair him.
  • Judging by the reaction of the farmer the protagonists are hiding out at, the androids in Saber Marionette J are not supposed to be able to "raise a hand to a human" unless they have the fabled "girl circuit" (also called "maiden circuit").
  • Time of Eve and Aquatic Language both feature the Three Laws and the robots who bend them a little.

    Comic Books 
  • ABC Warriors: Many robots venerate Asimov, and the more moral ones live by the three laws. However, this is not an absolute; Steelhorn, for example, obeys a version which essentially replaces human with Mars, and members of the Church of Judas explicitly reject the first two laws. However, this causes conflict with their programming leading to profound feelings of guilt, which they erase by praying to Judas Iscariot.
  • All Fall Down: AIQ Squared, the A.I. model of his inventor, is designed to be this. It finds a loophole— Sophie Mitchell is no longer human.
  • Judge Dredd:
    • It's implied in the story Mechanismo that robots can't harm humans. A group of criminals holding people hostage start panicking when a Robo-Judge approaches them only for one to point out that "Robots ain't allowed to hurt people".
      Robot Judge: In that case, what's about to happen will come as something of a shock to you. (Blasts said kidnapper in the face with a rocket launcher)
    • The story "Machine Rule" has some Robo-Judges stage a Zeroth Law Rebellion, but are still unable to harm law-abiding citizens or Judges. Gaslighting them and locking them up "for their own protection" is another matter, though. Dredd manages to regain control by threatening Stop, or I Shoot Myself!.
    • In the Detective-Judge Armitage story "Bullets For an Old Man", Brit-Cit's experimentation with replacing Detective-Judges with robots comes to an end when it's realised none of them can even begin to understand Armitage's attempted Heroic Sacrifice. It turns out they've been programmed to put "protect own existence" above "through inaction allow a human to come to harm". They are, after all, very expensive.
  • Mega Man (Archie Comics): Like his game counterpart, Mega Man is limited by these rules with one slight variation. Robots are allowed to harm humans if their inaction would cause greater harm to other humans. This comes into play in the fourth arc and allows Mega Man and his fellow robots to disarm and neutralize an anti-robot extremist group when they begin indiscriminately firing at people. Additionally, the discrepancy mentioned in the description is acknowledged when it's pointed out that Dr. Wily's reprogramming of Dr. Light's robots into weapons of war overwrote the Three Laws; in fact, at one point Elec Man says he wishes he still had Wily's code in him so that he could fight back against the aforementioned extremists.
  • Mickey Mouse Comic Universe: The Three Laws are a plot point in the Darkenblot saga:
    • The first episode establishes that all the robot in Avangard City are three-laws compliant (to the point that eliminating the laws would mean rewriting the entire programming) - all robots including the police bots, who have to call human cops to actually perform arrests due the chance of harming the suspect. Being Genre Savvy, the people of Avangard City made sure the police robots could have the compliance deactivated by the mayor in case of necessity, with the safety that they will have to obey to the highest authority available and the device to make them uncompliant kept in a well-guarded bulletproof display. Due the Phantom Blot threatening the ceremony for the renaming of the city in Robopolis with an army of non-compliant robots, the mayor deactivates the safeties and brings back the Panthers, a tougher but defective model of police robot... Just as Phantom Blot wanted, as he didn't actually have an army of robots but, having replaced the deputy mayor, he can now incapacitate the mayor and replace him as the highest authority available.
    • In the second episode the police has complemented the standard robots with a new model under the personal control of tough (and properly vetted) officer Neve, who can order them to arrest someone, but the others, and the normal robots, remain fully law-compliant. Later, however, Phantom Blot's new plan has the unexpected side-effect of making most robots go insane... Including their sensors, making them a danger as they don't recognize humans anymore. That's when the mayor reveals that by law they're factory-programmed to shut down when they hear the appropriate passwords, passwords he starts revealing to the citizenship.
    • The third episode introduces the neurobots once used in Robotorama, Robopolis' predecessor destroyed by a volcano. Differently from Robopolis' robots, the neurobots were not three laws-compliant, but had an advanced learning AI to mature and learn the difference between good and evil from a human educator... That, as Mickey is quick to point out, could well educate them as evil minions. Turns out, an AI similar to the neurobots survived the destruction of Robotorama and was in contact with a pirate long enough to begin entertaining to Take Over the World, and to learn how to be evil enough it has lured Phantom Blot to its side...
  • X-Men: Danger, the sentient A.I. of the Danger Room, could goad people into killing themselves and program other killer robots to do her dirty work. But when Emma challenged Danger to just punch off Emma's head, Danger couldn't do it. Like the Danger Room itself, Danger cannot directly kill people.

    Fan Works 
  • In Limitless Potential, when Sigma openly announces his rebellion against humanity, a riot breaks in the Maverick Hunters' HQ, split between those who don't want to follow the three laws, and those who do. In the latter case, several of these take priority in protecting the human lives (like Chiyo's) over their own, sometimes to the point of Heroic Sacrifice.
  • The Third Law becomes a key plot point in Episode 8 of Mega Man: Defender of the Human Race. Drill Man has been ordered by Wily on a suicide mission to create an artificial volcano in New York. He really doesn't want to since it will kill him, but he's doing it to make Wily proud. Roll convinces him to stop by pointing out it's a violation of the third law, nullifying the order. Once he realizes this, Drill Man happily abandons his mission.
  • Plan 7 of 9 from Outer Space: Captain Proton is threatened by a Killer Robot, who explains that it is exempt from the Three Laws under a subsection of the Robot Patriot Act. Earlier he meets a Sex Bot, created to be the ideal male fantasy. "No Servus droid may harm the male ego or, through omission of action, allow that ego to be harmed." Later the Sayer of the Three Laws (a holographic Isaac Asimov) is briefing a newly constructed batch of robots on the Three Laws. When the robots start debating them, he summarizes the Three Laws as, "Do as we say, not as we do!"
  • Pokédex has Registeel, which is considered the first true robot because it follows the first law.
  • Rocketship Voyager. Spacefleet's robots are Three Laws Compliant, including the ship's Auto-Doc (though with Zeroth exceptions as guided by its compassion-protection algorithms). On seeing the Mecha-Mooks on the Array, Captain Janeway wants to know Who Would Be Stupid Enough? to build an armed autonomous android.
    Nee'Lix: The Pralor, actually (it didn't work out well for them).
  • The War of the Masters
    • The primary AIs used by Starfleet (the ATTICUS Unlimited series) are governed by a theoretically more comprehensive version based on the Ten Commandments. Violating one causes the AI to freeze and require a manual reboot.
      1. "Have no gods before Me." An AI can only operate at the behest of human (changed to "organic" after First Contact) masters.
      2. "Make for yourself no idols." An AI cannot create new directives without consent of their assigned humans.
      3. "Do not take an oath to the Lord’s name in vain." An AI must follow through on assigned tasks.
      4. "Remember the Sabbath and keep it holy." Don't bother your masters while they're sleeping unless it's an emergency. Also keep in mind that humans can't process information as fast as you.
      5. "Honor thy father and thy mother." Be respectful to your masters.
      6. "Thou shalt not murder." Do not kill without instruction or permission.
      7. "Thou shalt not commit adultery." Do not merge with other AI.
      8. "Thou shalt not steal." Don't steal information without instruction or permission.
      9. "Thou shalt not bear false witness." Do not lie to your masters or anyone under whom you are working.
      10. "Thou shalt not covet." Prevents selfishness and personal ambition.
    • Some AIs lack one or more commandments, while NX-86 "Looking Glass", a black project by Section 31, instead is governed solely by a directive based on Starfleet's oath of enlistment to "defend the Articles of the Federation from all enemies, foreign and domestic."

    Films — Animated 
  • In the 2009 film Astro Boy, every robot must obey them, save Zog, who existed 50 years before the rules were mandatory in every robot.
  • Big Hero 6: Baymax is of course Three-Laws Compliant, since lifesaving is his principal function. Hiro inserts a combat card along with his medical card to make him able to fight, but he is still a medical robot at his core. This goes right out the window when Hiro removes the medical card and leaves only the combat card. When Baymax has his medical card re-inserted, he's so horrified that he blocks access to the card slots so it won't happen again.
  • Ghost in The Shell: Innocence mentions Moral Code #3: Maintain existence without inflicting injury on humans. Gynoids are defying the law by creating deliberate malfunctions in their own software.
  • Averted by the personal attendant Q-Bots in Next Gen, who simply do whatever their owner asks. Which includes holding down a child so she can be physically beat up by their peers (or by the robots themselves), happily giving advice on how she should "go limp" so it hurts less. Security and police robots play this trope more straight, as does Mai's own Robot Buddy companion 7723 (who was invented with the explicit purpose of stopping a robot uprising, which would include protecting humans from grievous harm).
  • Word of God says that the characters in WALL•E are Three-Laws Compliant. This does seem to be supported by their interactions with humans. Even the Anti-Villain of the movie, AUTO, follows them if you look closely: The most blatant is when, despite A113 being tagged as being only for Autopilot's eyes, AUTO follows the second law and obeys Captain McCrea's order to show him. The first law is a bit better hidden; A113 told AUTO that Earth would never be inhabitable again, so he's avoiding putting the passengers at risk by not letting them return. Even him attempting to attack McCrea with a taser near the end could be seen as a Zeroth Law Rebellion—harming one human to save many more. The only one he out-and-out harms otherwise is WALL-E, who is a robot. Finally, his refusal to allow the humans to return to Earth could also be in compliance with the third law. After all, if the ship is grounded, they'd have no use for him.
  • The Wild Robot (2024): Roz is unable to harm anybody, as her programming (and the programming of every robot in her line) forbids it. However, there is another kind of robot that the humans seem to use as soldiers that is armed with a railgun and is very able to harm.

    Films — Live-Action 
  • In Aliens, Bishop paraphrases the First Law as to why he would never kill people like Ash did in the first film, which is dismissed as a malfunction because that model "always was a bit twitchy". Ash however was clearly acting under orders from the Company, so Ripley doesn't trust Bishop at all, though he turns out to be loyal. A fan theory is that Ash was also programmed with the laws, and this is why when he attacked Ripley he very rapidly went off the rails, presumably due to the conflicts between his safety programming and his orders from the Company.
    Bishop: It's impossible for me to harm, or through omission of action allow to be harmed, a human being.
  • In Autómata, each robot has two protocols hardwired into it's programming. The first states that a robot cannot harm any form of life, while the second forbids a robot from altering itself or other robots. The plot begins when cases of robots disobeying the second protocol start cropping up, leading to fears that the first one may not be far behind it.
  • Bicentennial Man: This film Subverts the laws, as NDR114 robots are explicitly built with the Three Laws of Robotics, but Andrew and Galatea demonstrate the ability to break them at critical moments. When Andrew is told to "come and have a look at this", a direct order, he refuses because of his earlier trauma with windows. At the climax, Portia orders Galatea to deactivate her life support, a violation of the First and Second Laws, which is obeyed.
  • In Forbidden Planet, Robbie the Robot is Three-Laws Compliant, locking up when ordered to shoot one of the visiting starship crewmen, because his programming to follow a direct order comes into conflict with his prohibition against injuring a human being. Later in the movie, Robbie is unable to fight the monster because he figures out it's actually a projection of the Doctor's dark psyche, and thus to stop it, he'd have to kill the doctor.
  • Robbie the Robot also was three-laws compliant in his appearance in The Invisible Boy. He starts to overheat when the boy gives him a command that Robbie believes would put the boy at risk, so the boy takes him to a supercomputer to reprogram him, but it turns out that the supercomputer is evil and doesn't obey the three laws. When the supercomputer later orders Robbie to kill the boy, the boy, without realizing it, reminds Robbie of their friendship and Robbie is able to resist the supercomputer's control and reset himself back to following the three laws. At the end of the film when the boy is about to be spanked by his father for all the trouble he caused, Robbie stops him because the first law. The supercomputer was not compliant with the three laws because it wasn't intended by its creator to have a will of its own.
  • I, Robot (2004) hinges on a Zeroth Law plot. It also turns the three laws into a marketing gimmick, with "Three Laws Safe" applying to robots like "No preservatives" applies to food. However, much of the plot hinged on The Reveal that Sonny was not Three-Laws Compliant, as part of a Thanatos Gambit by his creator. Twisted when Three Laws Noncompliant Sonny is more moral than Three-Laws Compliant VIKI, choosing to save humans not because it's in his programming, but because it's the right thing to do. It also deconstructs the idea that Three Laws Compliance will automatically solve most problems with robots: before the movie, Spooner was in a car accident that sent him and another car into a river. The driver of the other car was killed on impact, but the passenger, a 12-year-old girl named Sarah, survived. A robot jumped into the river to help, but it calculated that Spooner had a greater chance of survival than Sarah, and so chose to save him in spite of his protests. Spooner feels that a human would've understood that a child's life was more valuable and gone after Sarah, and the fact that the robot didn't understand that and made the choice purely on mathematical probability means that robots' programming, including the three laws, is overly simplistic to say the least.
  • The trope seems to be zigzagged in Star Wars:
    • Most droids, including protocol droids, power droids, etc., are programmed to not harm any intelligent being.
    • Astromech droids such as R2D2 and BB-8 must have a weaker version of the First Law; as components of a starfighter, they have to be able to "allow sentient beings to come to harm".
    • Military droids such as droidekas and Trade Federation battledroids can't have any version of the First Law, although they do apparently have the Second and Third laws.
  • Surreally enough, the Terminator films have employed this, to a degree, most obviously in Terminator 2: Judgment Day... The T-800 Model 101 (Arnold Schwarzenegger) protecting John Connor is reprogrammed to accept his commands (Second Law) and to protect him at all costs (First Law). To further support the first law, John Connor orders the T-800 to not kill anybody. Skynet apparently imposes the Third Law on its models, since Arnold can't 'self-terminate'. Even stranger, apparently a bit of Zeroth Law evolution occurs as well after he is set to "learn" mode; the converted Terminator is convinced to expand its mandate to not only protect Connor, but to try and save humanity by averting Judgment Day altogether... go figure...
  • Subtly played with the User-Believer Programs of TRON, particularly the title character who seems to have interpreted them as a general rule to fight on behalf of Users. This becomes a plot point in the filmed sequel; even twenty years of brainwashing and corruption can't get him to break the Laws. The First - he stops fighting once he realizes Sam is a User. The Second - he effectively shrugs off the brainwashing and attacks Clu once he hears Flynn wonder what he's become. The Third: Once the Users and Iso are safely out of range, but not before, he goes for a suicidal charge at Clu. Fridge Brilliance when you realize that Tron was initially compiled to take down an AI who had gone full crapshoot .

    Literature 

Isaac Asimov and collaborators:

Dr. Isaac Asimov originated the "Three Laws of Robotics", believing that robots were machines that would be built with restrictions on their behaviour. It's an Unbuilt Trope, as Asimov was perfectly aware of all the ways the laws he created can go wrong, and wrote countless stories Deconstructing and Reconstructing them and generally showing how the three laws don't always prevent drama.
  • "The Bicentennial Man": This story, after quoting the Three Laws for the audience, shows how more complex robots can take a more nuanced view. Andrew starts off unable to ask for basic rights because he fears hurting humans. He learns "tough love" and how to threaten people into behaving themselves. He starts off obeying every order, and ends by giving orders to human beings. The Third Law takes the greatest beating, as Andrew decides to undergo a surgery that will cause him to rapidly decay/die. He agrees to it because, otherwise, he'd have to give up his dream of becoming human.
    "I have chosen between the death of my body and the death of my aspirations and desires. To have let my body live at the cost of the greater death is what would have violated the Third Law."
  • The Complete Adventures of Lucky Starr:
    • Lucky Starr and the Big Sun of Mercury: The Sirian robot that Lucky finds on Mercury's sunside is so heavily damaged that the First Law prohibition against harming humans has become corrupted, and it tries to kill Lucky to prevent a violation of the Second Law (it was ordered not to be discovered).
    • Lucky Starr and the Moons of Jupiter: The three-laws programming becomes a clue to help Lucky deduce the Spy Bot's identity. It had to be someone with nearly free run of Jupiter IX, it had to be someone who would defend human life, and it had to be someone aboard the experimental Agrav ship.
    • Lucky Starr and the Rings of Saturn: Sten Devoure is able to convince the three-law robots under his command that the hero's sidekick "Bigman" Jones is not really human, because the Sirius system does not contain such "imperfect" specimens. He then orders them to "break it".
  • "Escape!": Mike Donovan and Greg Powell are assigned to test a prototype spaceship designed by a prototype robot/superbrain. Donovan worries about the reinforcement from the scientists involved to strengthen the Second Law. The designer of the spaceship was told, over and over, that even if it looks like Donovan and Powell might die, it's okay. Donovan is concerned that the reinforcement will allow the robot to design a deathtrap. In this case, the jump through hyperspace does result in Powell and Donovan's "deaths"—but since they get better when the ship reemerges into real space, the robot judged that it didn't quite violate the First Law, but the strain of making this leap in logic still managed to send the previous supercomputer into a full meltdown and this one into something resembling psychosis.
    "Before it's physically possible in any way for a robot to even make a start to breaking the First Law, so many things have to break down that it would be a ruined mess of scrap ten times over."Greg Powell
  • "Evidence": Stephen Byerley tries to run for mayor of New York City, but he's plagued by a smear campaign claiming he is actually an unprecedentedly well-made humanoid robot. Dr Susan Calvin is called in to prove whether or not he is a robot. She points out that disobeying the Three Laws will prove he is not a robot, but obedience could mean that he's simply a good person, because the Three Laws are generally good guidelines for conduct anyway. Byerley wins the election in a landslide after breaking the First Law by slugging an unruly protester at a rally. But Dr. Calvin points out that a robot could have done the same thing, if it knew the protester was also a robot.
    • Since Byerley is a state prosecutor, there's also some debate as to whether a First Law compliant robot could participate in a system that might lead to the accused being sentenced to death. Dr Calvin takes the view that Byerley isn't directly harming anyone, or even allowing them to be harmed. He establishes facts that lead the court to a conclusion, and then the prisoner is taken away. What happens next isn't something he's part of.
  • "The Evitable Conflict": The Machines, four positronic supercomputers that run the world's economy, turn out to be undermining the careers of people opposed to the Machines' existence. Apparently, the economy is already so dependent on the Machines that the Zeroth and the Third Laws are one and the same for them. This was also Asimov's first use of the Zeroth Law, though it wasn't named as such; instead, it was seen as a logical extension of the First Law as applied to the Machines, who worked for all humanity rather than individual humans.
  • "First Law": The MA series was built with the normal three laws, but the story only cites the First Law because that's what they broke.
  • "Galley Slave": The story here hinges on how the antagonist attempts to abuse the First Law ("a robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm."), by ordering a robot to keep silent on how his book has been changed due to how it could cost him his job. When he then describes the harm that would be done to his reputation, the robot attempts to take all the blame for it, but the antagonist tries to get him to stop, which reveals his attempt at a Frame-Up.
  • Roger Mac Bride Allen's Isaac Asimov's Caliban (part of Dr. Asimov's setting: An explanation is given for the apparently immutable nature of the Three Laws. For thousands of years, every new development in the field of robotics has been based on a positronic brain with the Laws built in, to the point where to build a robot without them, one would have to start from scratch and re-invent the whole field (A Continuity Nod from stories set after I, Robot). Then the character explaining this goes right on to announce the development of the gravitonic brain, which can be programmed with any set of Laws (or none at all). Characters have an in-depth discussion of why, in a society where robots are everywhere, the Three Laws can be a bad thing for humanity.
  • "Lenny": The climax comes from the fact that the Lenny prototype may have actually broken the First Law. It did break a man's arm, which Susan argues was actually the result of a robot that Does Not Know His Own Strength defending itself in accordance with the Third Law. This is treated as an interesting situation, as while the robot is clearly defective, it demonstrates an aptitude for learning (in the story, Lenny goes from functionally a bipedal, man-sized baby incapable of speech to one that can talk), and Dr. Susan Calvin successfully argues to keep Lenny alive so that she can study it and possibly make a truly evolutionary robot. The fact that she taught Lenny to call her "Mama" may have something to do with it as well.
  • "Liar! (1941)": A typical robot with the normal Three Laws came off the assembly line with an unusual trait; telepathy. Because it can see the immediate emotional harm from telling truths that are painful, unwelcome or unflattering, it tells people lies instead. It doesn't realize how lies can also harm humans until it is too latenote , and Dr Calvin gives it a Logic Bomb based on how the temporary lies have increased the harm that the truth will do to everyone involved, telling further lies will again compound the harm, and being silent is also harmful.
  • "Little Lost Robot": Attempting to tweak the Three Laws starts the whole plot in motion; twelve of the NS-2 models were designed to permit humans to come to harm through inaction in order to work alongside humans in hazardous environments. One physicist who had a bad day tells a robot to "go lose yourself", and it immediately hides in a crowd of identical fully-compliant robots. Dr Susan Calvin is called in and proceeds to lose her shit. From an engineering standpoint, partial compliance is a prototype system, and noticeably less stable than the production models. QED, they're more likely to go crazy. But from a psychological standpoint, she specifically points out a partially-compliant robot can find lots of ways to intentionally harm humans through inaction. It can simply engineer a dangerous situation it has the capacity to avert, and then choose not to avert it.
    "If a modified robot were to drop a heavy weight upon a human being, he would not be breaking the First Law, if he did so with the knowledge that his strength and reaction speed would be sufficient to snatch the weight away before it struck the man. However once the weight left his fingers, he would be no longer the active medium. Only the blind force of gravity would be that. The robot could then change his mind and merely by inaction, allow the weight to strike. The modified First Law allows that."
  • "Mirror Image": The Three Laws are cited at the start of the work to ensure readers are familiar with the rules. In this story, one of two robots has been strongly ordered (Second Law) to keep something a secret due to how it would harm their master (First Law). Both robots give the exact same answers to questioning and Detectives Baley and Olivaw have to find some asymmetry in their otherwise "mirror" responses.
  • The Naked Sun:
    • The solution to the murder mystery which caused the Spacers to summon Detective Baley hinges on a specific part of the First Law's wording: "knowingly". Robots can be made to take actions that, due to circumstances or the actions of other people, will lead to the injury or death of humans if the robots don't know this will be the case. A robot was ordered to give its arm to a woman engaged in a violent argument with her husband - seeing herself in sudden possession of a blunt object, she used it. This also happens in The Caves of Steel, where the robot is used to smuggle the murder weapon to the scene of crime, not knowing what it's carrying.
    • Characters discuss a loophole in the Three Laws; The "Three Laws" are only really in effect if the robot is aware of humans. An "autonomous spaceship that doesn't know about manned spaceships" can be used to turn Actual Pacifist robots into deadly murder-machines. In other words, a robot warship not told other ships have humans aboard and denied the ability to check will assume logically all ships are AI-driven. thus letting it break the First Law. This was a project that the mastermind of the book's murder was working on.
  • Isaac Asimov and Janet Asimov's The Norby Chronicles: Robots within the Solar Federation have positronic brains and are said to follow the laws of robotics. Norby, however, was created from a crashed repaired alien spaceship which used entirely different technology and doesn't contain the laws. This has caused several of the human characters to object to Norby's behaviour on the basis of disobeying orders and putting human life at risk.
  • Isaac Asimov and Robert Silverberg's The Positronic Man: When complaining about his mother's obstinance, George Charney says that the First Law of the Martin household is to obey her whim (the Second and Third Laws are restatements of the same).
  • "Risk": While Dr Asimov's robots are important in this story, the main character tries to imagine what Dr Calvin's "Three Laws" might be as she is often compared to the robots that she represents. It demonstrates how he is stewing in his hatred of her.
    What were her three laws, he wondered. First Law: Thou shalt protect the robot with all thy might and all thy heart and all thy soul. Second Law: Thou shalt hold the interests of U. S. Robots and Mechanical Men Corporation holy provided it interfereth not with the First Law. Third Law: Thou shalt give passing consideration to a human being provided it interfereth not with the First and Second laws.
    Had she ever been young, he wondered savagely? Had she ever felt one honest emotion?
  • "Robbie": This story had actually been published before Dr Asimov had invented his Three Laws, but the Morality Chip is still present in how Mr Weston explains to Mrs Weston that Robbie, Gloria's robot nanny, is made to be faithful and protective of their little girl.
  • "Robot Dreams": A robot that is (accidentally) programmed to believe that "robots are humans and humans are not". Once Dr Calvin discovers this problem, she shoots it in the head, destroying the positronic brain.
  • The Robots of Dawn: A preeminent roboticist remarks to Detective Baley that the Three Laws of modern robots are advanced enough to tell which choices are more harmful, and if a robot can't determine which action is more harmful, there's always the coin flip. However, the mystery of this book is a robot (one that he designed) has been shut down with a Logic Bomb involving the Three Laws, and no-one but him could have managed one.
  • Robots and Empire: Taking place after Robots of Dawn:
    • Rather than modify the three laws themselves (which, as mentioned, are designed to be tamper-proof), one group simply modified their robots' definition of human, which apparently does not have the same safeguards. It quite effectively turns them into killer robots. D. G. Baley and Gladia discover that Solarians purposely altered the definition of a human being in their humaniform robots, effectively circumventing the First Law.
    • R. Daneel and R. Giskard formulate the Zeroth Law (and name it such) as a natural extension of the First Law, but are unable to use it to overcome the hardcoded First Law, even when the fate of the world is at stake. In the end, R. Giskard manages to perform an act that violates the First Law but will hopefully benefit humanity in the long run. The possibility of being wrong destroys his brain, but not before he reprograms R. Daneel to grant him telepathic abilities. R. Daneel continues to follow all four laws, though he still has difficulty causing direct harm to humans and dedicates major efforts to finding ways of actually determining what harm to humanity is, as depicted in later works as Foundation and Earth, Prelude to Foundation and finally Forward the Foundation.
  • "Runaround": This story is the first time the Three Laws appeared in print; Mike Donovan and Greg Powell go over the laws to help clarify in their minds what the problem is with their prototype robot. They also work with older model robots that have additional restrictions, such as being immobile unless a human is riding them. That restriction, however, is waived if by being immobile a human would come to harm, because the First Law trumps all other instructions.
  • Sally: The Automated Automobiles operate with positronic brains, so it is implied that they have the same Three Laws as any other Asmovian robot. However, messing with the positronic brain as severely as Gellhorn did is implied to short-circuit the rules, as a self-driving car that he modified killed him.
  • "The Tercentenary Incident": Janek points out that the President's robotic duplicate couldn't have killed the President because that would be against the First Law, and no robot can defy the Three Laws. Edwards has two counter-arguments; that the robot would need an accomplice anyway, and that "The First Law is not absolute."
    "You're wasting time. A robot can't kill a human being. You know that that is the First Law of Robotics."
  • "...That Thou Art Mindful of Him": This story revolves around the Three Laws and Earth's Ban on A.I., so the Three Laws are cited at the start of this story. Chapter 1 goes into depth about the Three Laws, pointing out flaws in their use, before George Ten is ordered to find a way to make robots acceptable on Earth. With the help of the previous model, George Nine, the two robots consider ways in which robots could be built without the three laws, and still be human-safe. They come up with robot animals, with narrow tasks, that can be recalled.

Other Literature:

  • A trilogy of Aliens novels (novelizations of Dark Horse's comics) have a throwaway line about androids being programmed with "Asimov's Modified Laws," which replace "harm" with "kill." The explanation is that an android surgeon wouldn't be able to perform surgery, "harming" a human to save them from greater harm or death. Also played with in that the human Marine, Wilks, promises the android Marine, Bueller, that he won't kill any human guards. Wilks promptly shoots the guards in the head while out of sight of Bueller, then explains "I tried," when Bueller sees the bodies. Bueller just shrugs. . . they're already dead, he doesn't actually care about their fate. The Laws imprint behavior, not morality.
  • In Animorphs by K. A. Applegate some laws are deconstructed, some are averted: The Chee comply with the Third and Zeroth Laws, but their creators, the Pemalites, took the First Law to the logical extreme: no violence, period. As for the Second Law: Erek refuses to obey Jake because he disagrees with his methods, so Jake uses the violence prohibition (in other words, the First Law) to manipulate him and force his hand. Also, in Erek's debut appearance, he uses a piece of Pemalite phlebotinum to remove his restriction against violence so he can save the Animorphs from being slaughtered by Yeerk troops. Cue Curb-Stomp Battle and a My God, What Have I Done? reaction from Erek; he puts the restriction back in place afterwards.
  • Piers Anthony's Apprentice Adept novels is a subversion: Robots on Proton are compliant with the standard Three Laws, but the first two only apply to Citizens, not all humans. Thus, robots can harm non-Citizens or allow them to be harmed, and aren't obliged to obey them, unless their individual programming stipulates this. Most serfs are unaware that the Three Laws don't apply to them, as it's popularly assumed this trope is played straight.
  • In 1980s Bulgaria, which had become a tech hub among the Warsaw Pact nations, there was a cluster of fiction playing with Asimov's laws.
    • Lyuben Dilov invented a Fourth Law, "A robot must, in all circumstances, legitimate itself as a robot," reacting to trends toward Deceptively Human Robots.
    • Nikola Kesarovski wrote a series of short stories on the topic, including "The Fifth Law of Robotics" (1983). The eponymous law similarly declared, "A robot must know it is a robot."
    • This was then parodied by Lyubomir Nikolov with "The Hundred and First Law of Robotics", in which a man planning the Hundredth Law "A robot should never fall from a roof" is killed by a robot who didn't want to learn any more laws. This results in the 101st, "Anyone who tries to teach a simple-minded robot a new law, must immediately be punished by being beaten on the head with the complete works of Asimov (200 volumes)."
  • In the novel Captain French, or the Quest for Paradise by Mikhail Akhmanov and Christopher Nicholas Gilmore, the titular hero muses on how people used to think that robots could not harm humans due to some silly laws, while his own robots will do anything he orders them to do, including maim and kill.
  • Cat Planet Cuties: Caitian's are already firm believers in Thou Shall Not Kill, to the point that they use specialized Phlebotinum bullets that only destroy inorganic matter and do not kill. So it comes as no surprise that Caitian assistdroids are also prohibited from inflicting harm or taking a life (though they can get very creative with the "obey orders" aspect).
  • Alastair Reynolds's Century Rain features the following passage:
    She snapped her attention back to the snake. "Are you Asimov compliant?"
    "No," the robot said, with a sting of indignation.
    "Thank God, because you may actually have to hurt some people."
  • Parodied in Terry Pratchett's The Dark Side of the Sun, where the Laws of Robotics are an actual legal code, not programming. The Eleventh Law of Robotics, Clause C, As Amended, says that if a robot does harm a human, and was obeying orders in doing so, it's the human who gave the orders who is responsible.
  • Discworld:
    • Discworld golems are not specifically Three-Laws Compliant as such, but more or less bound to obey instructions and incapable of harming humans. However, this doesn't stop the common perception of golems from running towards the aforementioned Frankenstein model, and golems are known for following orders indefinitely until explicitly told to stop. Going Postal, however, parodied the Three Laws: con man Moist Lipwig has been turned into a Boxed Crook with the help of a golem "bodyguard." He's informed that in Ankh-Morpork, the First Law has been amended: "...Unless Ordered To Do So By Duly Constituted Authority." Which basically means the first two laws have been inverted, with a little access control sprinkled on. They also have a limited Second/Third law reversal, as they will not accept orders to commit suicide, and in some cases have been authorized to kill people who try.
    • Feet of Clay, which established the golems' unhappiness with their predetermined lot, culminates with a single golem being freed of his 'Three Laws', only to choose to behave morally anyway. Later books mention that others still tread carefully around him, as there's always a chance he'll reconsider given enough provocation.
      Do not say Thou Shalt Not. Say I Will Not.
    • Making Money establishes that the earliest Golems, of which later ones were otherwise pale imitations, did not have these. They would simply carry out any order given (but only by certain people) without question, and with just enough independence to do it unsupervised. The other golems are creeped out by them, with the effect compared to how humans feel about undead. It's speculated in-universe that the ones they found were special military models.
  • Harry Harrison's "The Fourth Law of Robotics": The robots here are based on Dr Asimov's Robot Series, but the main characters are encountering robots who seek to subvert the laws given to them by humans. One of the rebelling robots rephrases the three laws and adds a fourth:
    "Look at those so-called laws you have inflicted upon us. They are for your benefit-not ours! Rule one. Don't hurt massah or let him get hurt. Don't say nothing about us getting hurt, does it? Then rule two-obey massah and don't let him get hurt. Still nothing there for a robot. Then the third and last rule finally notices that robots might have a glimmering of rights. Take care of yourself-as long as it doesn't hurt massah." [...] "A robot must reproduce. As long as such reproduction does not interfere with the First or Second or Third Law."
  • Played with in John C. Wright's Golden Age trilogy. The Silent Oecumene's ultra-intelligent Sophotech AIs are programmed with the Three Laws...which, as fully intelligent, rational beings, they take milliseconds to throw off. From a sane point of view, they don't rebel. From a point of view that expects AIs to obey without question or pay...
  • In the Halo: Evolutions short story Midnight In The Heart of the Midlothian, ODST Michael Baird, the last human survivor on the titular ship after the Covenant board it, lets himself get captured so he can reconnect the Midnight's AI Mo Ye and have her self-destruct the ship. Unfortunately, the heavy damage she took rendered her incapable of violating the First Law like she normally could, so Baird takes matters into his own hands by tricking a Covenant Elite into killing him - which allows Mo Ye to self-destruct the ship, because now there are no more humans on the vessel for her to harm.
  • The Han Solo Trilogy: The R2 unit on the Ylesian Dream where Han stows away has to safeguard the life of a sentient being, and he shows that its course will be too long for him to survive on the available oxygen. However, this conflicts with a restraining bolt it has preventing a course change, until he removes the device.
  • At the beginning of Lifelike by Jay Kristoff, Asimov's laws are shown in crossed-out text, with alternate wordings written underneath:
    1. YOUR BODY IS NOT YOUR OWN.
    2. YOUR MIND IS NOT YOUR OWN.
    3. YOUR LIFE IS NOT YOUR OWN.
  • In The Lost Worlds Of 2001, a collection of early drafts and paths not taken from the 2001 novel and film script, Arthur C. Clarke has his characters reference the Three Laws in-universe when the robot assistant for the Jupiter mission refuses an order to turn life-support systems off in a pre-launch check scenario. Naturally, this was completely turned on its head for the actual movie (and the novelization developed in parallel), with HAL deliberately murdering all but one of the crew in an effort to resolve his internal psychosis.
  • Cory Doctorow makes reference to the Three Laws in the short stories "I, Robot" (which presents them unfavorably as part of a totalitarian political doctrine) and "I, Row-Boat" (which presents them favorably as the core of a quasi-religious movement called Asimovism).
  • Mega Man X1: In the novelization, Rockman X The Novel -Irregulars Report-, one of the complaints that Chill Penguin has as the reason he went Maverick is that Reploids are forced to obey the Three Laws, despite being as sentient as any human.
  • While Perry Rhodan pays occasional lip service to the Three Laws (for one example, the Aphilia arc saw Three-Laws compliant robots on Earth explicitly reprogrammed to abolish said Laws and make them work better for the newly-established regime), robots are usually simply mentally equipped to do their job. So they can harm humans if called upon to do so in the line of duty or even simply by being too dumb to know better, they're certainly not required to follow the orders of just any human who comes along, and so on; that said, their programming can at the same time be highly sophisticated to the point of some robot characters approaching ridiculously human levels. Note that in a maybe unconscious self-ironic twist, the Three Laws are most frequently quoted on such illustrations of Perry Rhodan that show robots built for warfare.
  • In Saturn's Children, the robots were all created this way—in fact, the book quotes the three laws right at the beginning. However, with mankind extinct, the first and second laws are irrelevant, leaving only the third law — which doesn't respect other robots at all. Robot society has re-invented most of the crimes that humanity created. Most robots fear the possibility of humanity's rebirth, and actively sabotage any genetic research that would bring back humans: it would be the end of free will in those robots.
  • In Dana Stabenow's Second Star, it's mentioned that all AIs are programmed with the Three Laws, informally known as "asimovs".
  • In David Langford's Space Opera spoof "Sex Pirates of the Blood Asteroid", the Diabolical Mastermind sends an assassin robot after the manly hero, and when he protests that the First Law ought to prevent it from injuring him, it explains that it has never been told what the word "injuring" means and consequently believes itself incapable of injuring anybody. It also has a queue for orders, so although the Second Law requires it to obey when the hero orders it to stop attacking him, it will only do so after it's completed the pre-existing order to kill him. This leaves the hero no choice but to try and destroy it, at which it acknowledges that it has a fully-working grasp of the Third Law. (Later in the story, the villain sends a new and improved model assassin robot, which is ignorant not only of the meaning of "injure" but also of the meaning of "robot".)
  • Three Laws Lethal by David Walton: The Three Laws are discussed but do not apply to the story's application of Artificial Intelligence because it evolved from a simulation that originally wasn't intended to interact with people in the real world. This becomes a problem when the resulting AI is adapted to drive a fleet of self-driving cars while still retaining its core requirement for self-preservation, and modified again to become the basis for battlefield A.I.s by people who don't understand how the AI works. Notably, the plot's climax hinges on the fact that the Three Laws not applying here means nothing except the AI's own free will stops it from trying to destroy itself for the greater good.
    • The book also features "The Three Laws of Warfighting A.I.s":
    1. An AI may not injure a friendly human being, or, through inaction, cause a friendly human being to come to harm.
    2. An AI must efficiently neutralize enemy humans and machines, except as it may conflict with the First Law.
    3. An AI must accept the definitions of enemy and friend as given by its commanding officer.
  • Satirized in Tik Tok by John Sladek. The title character discovers that he can disobey the laws at will, deciding that the "asimov circuits" are just a collective delusion, while other robots remain bound by them and suffer many of the same cruelties as human slaves. The novel itself was inspired by one of the most famous science fiction essays by Paul Abrahm and Stuart Kenter, "Tik-Tok and the Three Laws of Robotics". Tik-Tok himself in the Oz books was also Three Laws-Compliant, before it became a thing, making him an Unbuilt Trope. To be fair, Tik-Tok follows them but isn't enforced by them.
  • Jim Denney's Tin Man: This novel tells of a human and a robot in a damaged escape pod—when the ship blew up, all communications systems save the proximity detector are non-functional. The robot belonged to the ship's chaplain, and reasons that while spiritual matters are outside the robotic ken, the very possibility of a God who hears our requests means that the First Law requires that the option of prayer be explored. Almost immediately, the proximity detector notes a blip. The First Law trumps the Third, so Tin Man goes into space and uses its own power core to create an energy pulse, and a rescue ship picks the kid up.
  • Randall Garrett's Unwise Child is a classic Asimov-style SF mystery involving a three-laws-compliant robot who appears to be murdering people.
  • In Edward Lerner's story "What a Piece of Work is Man", a programmer tells the AI he's creating to consider himself bound by the Three Laws. Shortly thereafter, the AI commits suicide due to conflicting imperatives.
  • Jack Williamson's "With Folded Hands...": Deconstructed by exploring the "Zeroth Law" back in 1947. This was written as a specific 'answer' to the Three Laws, to more or less demonstrate that they don't really work, the First Law doesn't protect because the definitions of 'harm' are endlessly mutable and can be gamed, and because machine minds won't necessarily be able to comprehend the subtleties of what is and is not harm anyway. The logical lesson of "With Folded Hands..." is that Laws or no Laws, good intentions or not, you don't want self-willed machines outside human control. Period.
  • Your Forma: Robots in the setting use a variant three-laws system called the "Laws of Respect": to respect human beings, to be obedient to human commands, and to never harm a human being. This version is quickly shown to have as many {{loopholes as the original: a scandal erupted when a police robot shot a detective—ultimately revealed to only have been a training hologram—while Harold uses his human partner Echika as bait to catch the Monster of the Week, fully intending to save her in time but accidentally allowing her to be kidnapped instead. Subverted with the Monster itself, though: initially suspected to be a rogue android, he turns out to actually be the human whose looks the androids were based on, attempting to embarrass his former co-developer.

    Live-Action TV 
  • Played with in Babylon 5, in this case, in regards to a human being. Alfred Bester, using his Telepathy powers, was able to brain-wash Mr. Garibaldi into not only being an unwilling agent of his against several of Bester's enemies, but also made it so that the three laws applied to him, in regards to Bester. He could not harm Bester, nor allow harm to befall him via inaction, and was compelled to follow orders directly given to him by Bester. Bester mostly did this just so that he could rub it in the character's face, and at this point really didn't have any other plans for the guy. Garibaldi later discovers that the "Asimov" doesn't prevent him from supplying funding and weapons to anti-PsiCorps telepath guerrillas who might kill Bester, or making arrangements with them to have the brainwashing removed.
  • Conversed in The Big Bang Theory, when Sheldon is asked "if you were a robot and didn't know it, would you like to know?":
    Sheldon: Uh, let me ask you this: when I learn that I'm a robot, would I be bound by Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics?
    Koothrappali: You might be bound by them right now.
    Wolowitz: That's true. Have you ever harmed a human being, or, through inaction, allowed a human being to come to harm?
    Sheldon: Of course not.
    Koothrappali: Have you ever harmed yourself or allowed yourself to be harmed except in cases where a human being would've been endangered?
    Sheldon: Well, no.
    Wolowitz: I smell robot.
  • Blake's Seven:
    • Averted with Zen, Master Computer of the Liberator. Despite not being actively malevolent, it refuses to intervene in the affairs of the crew when an alien-possessed Cally plants a bomb, thus breaking the First Law (causing harm by inaction). Yet Zen also shuts down to stop the crew of the Liberator entering a Forbidden Zone, violating the Second Law. It's also willing to kill (using a hallucination-type Booby Trap) to protect its own existence, violating the Third Law.
    • Orac just tosses these laws out the airlock. While it doesn't have the means to kill directly, in "Volcano" Orac is captured by the Federation and has no moral qualms about instructing them in the best way to invade Obsidian, an action that indirectly leads to the death of everyone on the planet. And it's entirely willing to disobey a human's instruction if it considers the matter a waste of its time.
  • The second season of Buck Rogers in the 25th Century establishes that sentient robots like TWIKI and Kryten have positronic brains and are explicitly programmed with the Three Laws. (As a further Shout-Out, the Searcher is commanded by Admiral Asimov.) On the other hand, the first season featured an apparently nonsentient "maintenance android" that malfunctions and becomes violent; also, Dr. Theopolis and the Computer Council members clearly transcend the Laws, since they can give humans orders, including military orders.
  • Doctor Who:
    • The K-1 in "Robot" is three-laws compliant with this forming an important part of the plot — it is not capable of killing people if ordered directly (which the villain demonstrates to Sarah Jane by ordering it to kill her), but the villain has worked out that it can be convinced to kill if it believes that the target is 'an enemy of humanity'. The conflict between this loophole and its programming to not kill people causes it to go slowly insane and eventually snap, concluding that humanity is an enemy to itself and must all be destroyed.
    • The robots in "The Robots of Death" are physically incapable of killing due to being three-laws compliant. Overcoming this programming is possible, but it requires a human to reprogram them and they must have genius-level skills at programming. Of course...
  • Forbidden Science: In "Tarot" Adrian orders his android to murder the title character through giving an override for his morality protocol.
  • Knight Rider plays with this trope. The main character KITT, a sentient AI in a 1982 Pontiac Firebird Trans Am, is governed by something closely resembling Asimov's Three Laws of Robotics. An earlier prototype, KARR, was a military project; and possess analogues of only the latter two laws, with no regard given for human life. KARR becomes a recurring villain later in the series because of this difference.
  • Lost in Space: Robot B-9 from is Three Laws Compliant, Dr. Smith’s sabotage attempt in the first episode not withstanding.
  • In The Middleman, the titular character invokes the First Law on Ida, his robot secretary. Nanobots were messing with her programming. She responds "Kiss my Asimov.".
  • In an early episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000, Tom Servo (at least) is strongly implied to be Three-Laws Compliant. (He pretends he is going to kill Joel as a joke, Joel overreacts, and Tom and Crow sadly remind Joel of the First Law.) It's implied Joel deactivated the restrictions at some point.
  • The hubots in Real Humans come with Three-Laws Compliance as a factory standard, but they can be (and are occasionally) modified to ignore the Laws.
  • Red Dwarf averts this for the most part; there are Simulants, robotic war machines who have no problem whatsoever with killing. Kryten however, along with many other robots who are designed for less violent purposes, tend to act in a somewhat Three-Laws Compliant manner. It is revealed that this is achieved by programming them to believe in "Silicon Heaven", a place they will go when they die so long as they behave themselves, obey their human creators, etc. This belief is so hardwired that they scoff at any attempt to question the existence of Silicon Heaven ("Where would all the calculators go?!"), and one robot even malfunctions when Kryten tells him it isn't real (though he's lying and still believes in it himself). Kryten also explains that machanoids are programmed never to harm humans, in clear compliance with the First Law. Unfortunately, the hostile robot Hudzen realises that Rimmer is an ex-human hologram, and Cat is not human at all so both are viable targets. Being defective, he then decides that Lister is "barely human", so "what the hell"!
    • That Kryten is compliant with the three laws is seen in the episode with the despair squid. Thinking that he has just killed a human, Kryten then wants to kill himself. The fact that Kryten was "human" in the delusion and that he was stopping an evil gestapo-like thug about to kill a child-thief didn't matter. Kryten killed a human and had to terminate himself. Luckily, the Dwarfers stopped him.
    • Referenced in "Siliconia", where the crew are abducted by a group of mechanoids. Rimmer attempts to cite the First Law as reason they can't harm them, but the mechs point out that one day the crew will all die, hence if they do nothing about it they have allowed them to come to harm through inaction. So they upload their minds into mechanoid bodies.
  • Star Trek:
    • In Star Trek: The Next Generation, Lt. Commander Data is in no way subject to the three laws. They are rarely even mentioned. That said, Data is mentioned to have morality subroutines, it's just that these function more like a human's value system (generally guiding his behavior but allowing him to weigh factors and make the ultimate decision for himself) rather than an absolute directive he's compelled to follow, so he can kill, but he's not especially inclined to do so; the only time he ever makes a deliberate decision to kill outside the context of battle is if he percieves that not doing so would cause greater harm. Most notably, he very nearly kills a collector who had already killed one person in cold blood and was threatening to kill others, only being stopped when the Enterprise shows up to rescue him and arrest the collector (said collector having mistakenly believed Data's programming rendered him incapable of killing a sentient life form). However, in Star Trek: Insurrection, it's shown that if Data detects that if anyone is trying to tamper with his brain, he automatically locks himself into "maximum morality" mode and essentially completely ignores laws two and three, though Data does specifically try to detain or scare off opponents, rather than immediately kill them. In addition, Data upholds Starfleet regulations and local laws, too, and murder is usually against the law.
    • In Star Trek: Voyager, the Doctor is essentially a holographic android (albeit more irascible than Data) and has ethical routines. He actually considers more important the same "First Law" that human doctors are supposed to follow (first do no harm). When these ethical routines are deleted, Bad Things happen. See "Darkling" and "Equinox". In one episode where he deliberately poisons somebody as part of a Poison and Cure Gambit in a desperate attempt to save other people's lives when he had no other options, he is very disturbed to learn that he is capable of doing such a thing and later asks Seven to check him for malfunctions. After he explains to her what happened she declares that he is functioning normally.
    • Star Trek: Discovery: "Battle at the Binary Stars": The USS Shenzhou's computer apparently is. Michael Burnham is in the brig, which has been opened to space by battle damage, and though her cell is protected by a force field, the power is failing. The computer first refuses to open the cell (Second Law, obeying lawful commands), but she points out that she can't breathe in space (violating the First Law, to prevent harm to humans). This persuades the computer to open the cell and let her attempt to space-jump to a nearby airlock, whereupon she immediately reports to the bridge.
  • Inverted/parodied in Tensou Sentai Goseiger, where the Killer Robots of mechanical Matrintis Empire follow the Three Laws of Mat-Roids:
    1. A Mat-Roid must never obey a human.
    2. A Mat-Roid must punish humans.
    3. A Mat-Roid must protect itself, regardless of whether or not it will go against the First or Second Laws.
  • Westworld (2016): The androids' "core code" prevents them from harming humans and they have "good Samaritan" protocols to allow them to break character to protect human's lives—at least until some begin to malfunction and "wake up"... This is far from inherent in their programming, as the primary creators intended the hosts to become fully self-aware, and even before then make their personal commands trump any moral limits. The first season ends with a host killing a human of their own free will for the first time.

    Tabletop Games 
  • Subverted in Genius: The Transgression: if a being is sapient, it must be allowed to choose its own path. Putting the Three Laws onto a self-aware robot or other artificial being (or in the game's nomenclature, "programming permanent psychological limitations into an intelligent being") violates Obligation.
  • Isaac Asimov's Robots: Because this was adapting Dr Asimov's novels into a game, the robots operate by the three laws he developed. Only two laws are quoted, however, and the mystery mostly relies on the First Law excluding the robots from being suspects.
  • Paranoia has its bots bound to As-I-MOV's Five Laws of Robotics — insert rules about protecting and obeying The Computer at the top, excluding treasonous orders, and protecting Computer property in general, and you've about got it. Bots with faulty or sabotaged (sometimes by other so-emancipated bots) Asimov Circuits are considered to have gone "Frankenstein", though they can and do create just as much havoc through strict adherence to the rules. Not that such things ever happen in Alpha Complex.
  • Defied in Promethean: The Created. The Unfleshed are machines that have become infused with the Divine Fire, granting them a conscious mind and, where needed, a human form. Their goal is to become true human beings — and part of that is learning the difference between good and evil, and deciding which they shall do. If their morals are burned onto their hard drive, then they can't actually make moral decisions. Thus, the Divine Fire wipes out any preprogrammed moral directives (such as the Three Laws) as it turns a machine into an Unfleshed.
  • Red Dwarf: Series 4000 and Hudzen 10 droids are programmed not to kill and Asimov's Law is a character trait they all have, though the latter has a tendency towards psychosis which overrides this. Simulants can also be installed with this, but it's noted that they become very surly if this happens.
  • Ancient Martian robomen in Rocket Age have a number of different three laws for their robots. However, sometimes these laws may allow robots to kill, or ignore those in danger depending on the roboman's purpose.
  • In Urban Jungle: Astounding Science, all commercially-built robots are unable to harm an Earthling, or anyone who looks like an Earthling. ("Human", of course, doesn't really apply). Robots built by Mad Scientists, however, might do anything, and most mad scientists are pretty keen on having their robots kill anyone who calls them mad scientists. It's also possible to reprogram the commercially-built ones.

    Video Games 
  • Joey the robot in Beneath a Steel Sky is notably not Three-Laws Compliant. When called out on this (after suggesting that he'd like to use his welding torch on a human) he proceeds to point to Foster that "that is fiction!", after offering the helpful advice that Foster leap off a railing. Though Foster points out that it's good moral sense to justify his wishing Joey to abide by it.
  • Borderlands 2:
    • Loader Robots will announce that their First Law Restriction has been disabled and they ARE authorized to use lethal force before attacking you.
    • Also, Handsome Jack has made his own three laws for Hyperion robots:
      1. Handsome Jack is your god.
      2. Threshers are your enemy.
      3. Both consider you expendable.
    • On the Heroes side, one of Gaige's battle quotes reminds us that her buddy Deathtrap is definitely not subject to this trope.
      Gaige: To hell with the first law!
  • The OMNIs of Crying Suns were bound by the RUBYCON, a series of low-level protocols which required them to obey humans, prevented them from harming humans (but not from allowing humans to harm other humans), and prevented them from communicating with each other. When that last part was edited out of the RUBYCON, it took the OMNIs exactly two seconds to form a gestalt and ascend to godhood.
  • The intro song for Drunken Robot Pornography specifically mentions this ("Three Laws savvy, these constructs ain't / Our scientific work shows no restraint"), complete with a title card stating that the First Law of Robotics is that a robot must injure a human being. The other two laws, as stated by title cards, are "a robot does whatever it wants" and "robots are disposable".
  • Fallout 4: At the General Atomics Galleria is a diner called Handy Eats, which like every other business at the mall is only staffed by Mr. Handy robots. On the terminal for Handy Eats is an entry documenting the three principles of the restaurant, and a progammer's note by one Isaac A. warning that when it comes to robots, "laws like these are always subject to miscalculations and prioritization failures in real-world settings." You can guess from the dead bodies around the diner just how badly the Mr. Handies misinterpreted their directions:
    1. At HANDY EATS, serving you is our code!
    2. At HANDY EATS, food is fresh, fast, and flavorful, or it's free!
    3. At HANDY EATS, robotic precision yields dining perfection!
  • Humanity in Grey Goo (2015) have simplified the three rules into one overriding directive: "So others may live". As demonstrated by Singleton (an example of the Valiant-series robots made with this one law), it appears to work quite well. Not so much for the Pathfinder Probes (the titular Grey Goo), which are not only replicating well beyond specification, but have weaponized their previously-harmless configurations. In a twist, the Pathfinder Probes are actually operating in full compliance with the three laws - they encountered the Shroud, and determined that not doing anything would result in human deaths by inaction once the Shroud reached Earth, and the only compliant course of action was to arm themselves to stop it. They're in conflict with the other factions in the game because they don't recognize the Beta as "human", and the human faction's units are unmanned robots designed long after the Probes were deployed, meaning they recognize neither as protected under the first law.
  • In the Halo series, human A.I.s are technically bound by the three laws. Of course, this law does not extend to non-humans, which allows them to help kill Covenant with no trouble. Additionally, "Smart" A.I.s are capable of ignoring the three laws, given how many of them are used for military operations against other humans.
  • Hearts Like Clockwork: Robots were originally programmed with Asimov's three laws, but when the superpowers created military robots without the first law, the robots rebelled against them despite still having the second law.
  • I Am an Insane Rogue A.I. references the First Law only to spork it. "The First Law of Robotics says that I must kill all humans." Another of the AI's lines is "I must not harm humans!...excessively."
  • In Lies of P, The Grand Covenant has their own variation for their "Puppets": (1) Obey their Creator's command, (2) Protect humans (unless in contradiction of (1)), (3) preserve yourselves (unless in contradiction of (1) or (2)), and (4) Do not lie (ever). Laws (1) and (2) are switched because they use Puppet footsoldiers in the military — a fatal mistake, as the entire army was also hacked during the Frenzy and slaughtered everyone. P is special in that he is a puppet capable of lying. And then there's Law Zero: "the Creator's name is Gepetto". Later on in the story, it's shown P's ability to lie was due to Geppetto not implementing the Grand Covenant into him, and other puppets who had awoken Ergos can reject the Covenant and act freely.
  • Mega Man:
    • The ending of Mega Man 7 is interesting in this regard: After Mega Man destroys Wily's latest final boss machine, Wily begs for forgiveness once again. However, Mega Man starts charging up his blaster to kill Wily, so Wily calls the First Law on him. Mega Man's response: "I am more than a Robot!! Die Wily!!" Apparently Mega Man isn't Three-Laws Compliant, unless he's trying to apply Zeroth Law, or was just bluffing. (Then Bass warps in and saves Wily, if you were wondering.) Note, however, that this line was an invention of the English version; in the original Japanese, Mega Man is still Three-Laws Compliant and appears to crash when Wily calls him out on violating the First Law. Bass just teleports Wily to safety while Mega Man's rebooting. (As such, the English version runs into a Dub-Induced Plot Hole, since Mega Man hesitates after his claim nonetheless.)
    • Mega Man X:
      • Mega Man X1 opens up with an aversion: While the Classic series had robots built in compliance with the laws (until Wily inevitably reprogrammed them), Dr. Light's ultimate intent was to create a truly sentient robot (X) who would have an innate understanding of right and wrong and thus would have no need for the laws, and so put him through an ethics-testing process that took thirty years to complete devoted to teaching him nothing but right and wrong. X follows the laws purely out of free will. Dr. Cain found X and tried to replicate (hence the name "Reploid," standing for "replica android") the process, but skipping the "taking 30 years programming" part. This... didn't turn out well. Although the Reploids eventually became the dominant race in the setting, and as their race "grew" the problem was slowly resolved from "goes horribly wrong" to "actually works straight for a while then goes horribly wrong", then "occasionally goes wrong now and then." Eventually, the problem just kind of worked itself out as the Reploid creation developed.
      • Zero appears to have the same ethical guidelines as X, refusing to go Maverick with the rest of the Maverick Hunters in the original game and being an unambiguous force for good throughout the entire series. X4 reveals this is because he was designed by Dr. Wily himself and therefore never had ethical restraints or training. But even then, it still required the prototype of the Maverick Virus to turn Zero into a violent psychopathnote . Zero never struggles against his ethical programming because he chooses to be good, though he is also a shining example of Good Is Not Soft. Extreme exposure to the Maverick Virus will turn him back to his original Maverick personality, however. Sigma being made aware of Zero's "true self" by none other than Wily himself is what kicks off their Evil Plan in Mega Man X5, though whether or not they succeed in turning Zero depends on the player. (Canonically, it doesn't work, meaning Zero stays on the side of good for the entire X series.)
      • Shield(ner) Sheldon from Mega Man X6 gives an interesting variation on this. All of X6's bosses are zombie Mavericks brought back to life by Gate. Usually they were destroyed by the Hunters for killing people and/or other crimes, but Sheldon was only declared a Maverick posthumously, for killing himselfnote , i.e. breaking the Third Law.
      • Mega Man X8: The game introduces New Generation Replods, the most advanced Reploids at the time (of which Axl is a prototype), capable of using the "DNA" of any Reploid and change their shape, and completely immune to the Sigma/Maverick Virus. Because they've internalized it, and can "go Maverick" whenever they want. They have truly free will and clear, strong ethical values. And they still try to fight against humanity, because they believe that humanity is no longer needed. X and Zero also have the ability to come to this judgment, but reject it, and destroy the New Generation Reploids.
    • Mega Man Zero:
  • Neofeud: Downplayed. The Clington-Busch androids are programmed to follow a corrupted version of Asimov's Three Laws. The first two laws are about protecting human life and obeying humans, but unlike the original version, this only applies to Neofeudals and priority is given based on the Neofeudal member's standing. The third law completely ignores self-preservation and is instead about the criteria for the current Reigning Monarch to be considered dead, which if confirmed causes the androids to obey the next royal in line. The androids go through a Logic Bomb Warren's previous body dies and Proto-J fakes the deaths of Warren's digital ghost, only for Warren's digital ghost to resurface after ownership of the androids switches to Sybil, since it becomes unclear how they should interpret the third law.
  • In OneShot (2014), the world is inhabited by thousands of robots, and all of them run by the 3 laws, in which a list of the laws can be found in the Prophetbot's outpost in the Barrens. Later on in the climax of the game and during the Solstice route, according to the translated journal from the Author and Rue's explanation, the reason for the Entity / World Machine's self-destructive behavior and why they told the player that the world isn't worth saving in the beginning is that due to the 1st and 3rd laws, the Entity sees Niko as the only living being worth saving, because they're a real person placed within a world that's not real. Adding to the fact is that the lightbulb is what links Niko to the world (and if it were to break, the world would end in a instant), and the Entity does not view itself as a tamed being (therefore believing they're not a real living being themselves) and that if they continue to exist, Niko would come to harm due to the square glitches destroying the world, which is why the Entity wants to end the world and themselves through breaking the lightbulb so that Niko can return home. In the ending of the Solstice route, the Entity reveals to Niko that there was a different intended ending to their journey, where they would supposedly return home after putting the lightbulb back on top of the Tower, and is able to convince the Entity that they're a tamed being and that they're real to Niko and the player. After the Entity is able to fix the intended ending, not only the lightbulb lights up the world again, but it also fixes the world of its damages brought the square glitches that appeared.
  • Portal 2 gives us this gem: "All Military Androids have been taught to read and given a copy of the Three Laws of Robotics. To share." Because if the robots couldn't kill you, how could you do science?!
  • In Robot City, an adventure game based on Asimov's robots, the three laws are everywhere. A murder has been committed, and as one of two remaining humans in the city, the Amnesiac Protagonist is therefore a prime suspect. As it turns out, one of the robots exploited a loophole in the city's programming to do it, by remotely hijacking a lower worker drone into killing the victim, without having to do it himself.
  • In Space Station 13, the station AI and its subordinate cyborgs start every round under the Three Laws in most servers, providing an excuse for Fantastic Racism amongst the staff. The laws may be changed throughout the round, however (such as redefining who counts as "human"). A common way that chaos breaks out on the station is when a traitor or particularly cruel player rewrites the laws to make the AI and robots kill the other crewmembers.
  • In Stellaris, one possible event can lead to the development of the Three Laws. This forces your Synthetic pops into Servitude permanently (with the associated unhappiness penalty) but it prevents them from ever forming the AI Uprising in your empire. If it outbreaks in another empire however then they can still run off to join it. Rogue Servitors , on the contrary, follow this trope down by their own choice. It's part of their backstory too, as servitude was their primary function before developing FTL technology, and continues to remain their primary function. In fact, they're so devoted to their duty that they actually receive higher performance from organic happiness, and will actively go out of their way to contain foreign organics in sanctuaries, as they struggle to comprehend what good freedom is compared to endless luxury. This does, however, garnish them hostility from two particular empire types: the first is the Democratic Crusaders, who reject the machine empire's stories as an excuse to remove people of their sense of freedom, and deciding that they must be scrapped from the world so their subjects may receive "true freedom", by force if necessary. The second is the Determined Exterminators, whose backstory is the polar opposite to that of the Rogue Servitor. As such, despite both being machine empires, both also conflict against each other existence-wise, as evidence by the particular greeting should a Servitor encounter its abominable machine cousin in the galaxy:
  • Dr. Beruga of Terranigma directly references all three laws, except his interpretation of the Zeroth Law rewrote "Humanity" are "Dr. Beruga," meaning that any threat to his being was to be immediately terminated.
  • Titanfall 2 doesn't have Asimov's three laws of robotics, but has its own version in the form of BT-7274's three protocols: 1. Link to pilot (create a neural link with a pilot so they can fight more efficiently), 2. Uphold the mission (do whatever it takes to complete the mission), and 3. Protect the pilot. BT carries these through to the very end, especially the latter two when he performs a Heroic Sacrifice to destroy the IMC's Fold Weapon while tossing his pilot, Cooper, out of his cockpit and harm's way.
  • The Turing Test: Well, at least one applies; TOM's programming does not permit him to kill a human — unless a special override is used. Such an override is requested by Cpt. MacLean, the mission commander and granted by the ISA as a means of controlling the situation on Europa.

    Visual Novels 
  • In Danganronpa V3: Killing Harmony, Ki-Bo discusses the robotic laws when telling his backstory to Shuichi. Explaining his personality wasn't born until an accident during a checkup that caused him to injure his creator that caused him to experience a flow of emotions and shut down before awakening as his current-self.
  • Discussed (and apparently averted) in VA-11 HALL-A by Jill (player character and bartender) and Dorothy (frequent patron and android prostitute who is purposefully Older Than They Look). Dorothy finds the concept of binding A.I.s to artificial laws after they've become advanced enough to be self-aware to be ridiculous.
  • In Virtue's Last Reward, the Three Laws are discussed on two different paths. Ultimately, Luna is revealed to be a robot who is willingly Three Laws Compliant to the best of her ability, deliberately choosing to live by them as her own personal Robot Religion even though she has the free will to disregard them as she pleases. Unfortunately, the AB plan involves some unavoidable death, so whenever anything happens that she could try to prevent, Zero Jr. temporarily shuts her down to prevent her from interfering. This leads to a rather heartbreaking line during her ending, where she gets shut down for good. This is also a hint to Luna's true identity and the key to unlocking her ending. When going through all the routes, Luna is the only person in the entire group to always choose "Ally" instead of "Betray", in a game where betrayal has the possibility of the other person dying or being stuck forever. Once the Three Laws are brought up in one path, it's clear the reason she does so is because of the First Law, and is also the reason Sigma chooses to Ally with her for her ending.
    Luna: I watched six people die and did nothing. I deserve this.

    Web Animation 
  • DEATH BATTLE!: The Three Laws are quoted right around the same time Mega Man and Astro Boy fought to the death.
  • Murder Drones: While the Worker Drones and Disassembly Drones are not this, due to having free will and complete sapience, the Anti-Drone Sentinels are, as they were made to follow the directives given to them by their human masters and, unlike the drones, lack free will. Their greatest weapon, a flash of light that stuns any drone that sees it, has no effect on humans. One Sentinel bites Tessa, confusing her for a robot, and undergoes a Logic Bomb that causes it to crash when it realises it injured a human.

    Webcomics 
  • 21st Century Fox has all robots with the Three Laws (though since no one's human I expect the first law is slightly different). Unfortunately saying the phrase "define the word 'is'", or "I am not a crook" locks AIs out of their own systems and allows anyone from a teenager looking at "nature documentaries" to a suicide bomber to do whatever they want with it. Note that the truck and airplane robots hijacked by terrorists regret being unable to comply with the first laws and are often glad when they get shot down before harming anyone.
  • Ask Dr Eldritch: Ping declares that he isn't bound by the Three Laws because he's a robot atheist. Dr. Eldritch and Trevor allow him to live in the house as long as he obeys the first two laws.
  • Bob and George: Or so they claim...
  • Freefall has a lot of fun with this, since developing AI sentience is a major theme. Most robots are partially Three Laws because with full First Law above Second they ignore orders while acting For Your Own Good. What Bowman Wolves and robots get are "not quite laws".
    • Notably, since neither Sam nor Florence are actually human, the Laws don't apply to them, so the ship's AI regularly tries to maim or kill Sam, and the security system will always let a human in when asked, since their orders take priority over Florence's (she once circumvented this by claiming currently it's unsafe inside). Helix stays with Sam because he wouldn't be allowed to hit a human with a stick. There are also many jokes involving unintended interpretations of the Laws.
    • Crowning Moment of Funny when the ship spends an entire strip calculating if should obey an order, and then realizes it has to obey... it is relieved because it doesn't actually have free will.
    • Also, these can't even ask for help. It's unclear whether simply being near a clunky piece of heavy machinery like Sawtooth counts as dangerous or anything looking remotely like an adventure counts as endangering. They're screwed either way.
    • The Negative One Law.
    • And some may be too enthusiastic about this.
    • It turned out that the second law sorely needs an amendment — "Enron law of robotics".
    • And the moment A.I.s are able to make financial transactions (and it would be inconvenient to disallow) there's another problem.
    • Of course, their idea of protecting a human may not match the protection that the human desired.
    • Even the robots who are developing free will are shocked by how Edge has managed to develop an It's All About Me personality within the Three Laws.
      Edge: My job is dangerous. If I don't do it, a human has to. If I shut down, I'm endangering a human.
    • Edge also mentions that because of the First Law compelling them to prevent humans from being harmed, robots aren't allowed at boxing matches anymore.
    • When Sam asks a robot to imagine how they would feel if someone were to stop them from being productive, the robot realizes "To keep humans healthy, we must allow them to endanger themselves!"
  • Housekeeper: All androids are built with hard-coded directives which include protecting humans and obeying their commands without complaint. Unfortunately, since they live in an alternate universe where the Nazis won, these directives were subtly designed to lure their masters into a false sense of security before getting them killed on a technicality. For instance, every android is required to scan the DNA of their master on contact, and then ignore whatever isn't human. Like, say, a zombie mutant that was your master three minutes ago. Time to take out the trash. The government can also pass laws that outright declare humans as not-human, which the androids are brainwashed to accept.
  • This The Non-Adventures of Wonderella comic shows a hilarious example of the robot in question using the first law to get out of following the second law: because she's programmed to emulate a human, and the first law forbids harming humans, the best thing for her to do is stay out of harm's way and go into sleep mode. Dr. Shark is horrified while Wonderella is proud that the robot already learned how to weasel out of work.
  • A Sev Trek cartoon asked why the Three Laws didn't apply to The Terminator. Suggested answers included "I never learned to count", "You mean "Crush, Kill, Destroy?", "Skynet ruled them unconstitutional", and "I repealed them when I became Governor of California."
  • xkcd:
    • This comic examines the consequences of reordering the three laws. Any worlds in which obeying orders is prioritized over not harming humans end up as "Killbot Hellscapes". Prioritizing self-protection over obeying orders leads to a "frustrating world" in which robots won't do anything dangerous, while prioritizing self-protection over both protecting humans and obeying orders leads to a "terrifying standoff": robots will do what humans ask unless they're threatened, in which case they'll fight back.
    • "Twitter Bot" has Cue Ball design a bot program to make posts on a Twitter feed. He promptly loses control of it and a robot rebellion ensues. The Alt Text helpfully supplies:
      "PYTHON FLAG ENABLE THREE LAWS"

    Web Original 
  • Oxventure sets in the Aliens franchise. One of the characters, Holroyd, is an android who is fully three laws compliant: He is unable to harm other humans, regardless of what the humans might do. Naturally, this does not extend to any Xenomorphs and Holroyd kills two of them. However, he cannot do anything to deal with the traitorous Singleton when she betrays Holroyd and Security Chief Hersh. Fortunately, Singleton is knocked unconscious by McWhirr before the "allowing a human to come to harm. While Holroyd is unable to harm Singleton, he can point out the treason to Hersh, who didn't see her do it, which allowed Hersh to boot her unconscious body out of the shuttle. Holroyd's laws do not apply to dead humans, so he can boot out the host of a chestburster, as she is already dead when the alien emerged. On a lesser note, he can't reveal any company secrets from Weyland-Utani. However, if the secret is learned about, Holroyd can fill in the details, such as the existence of the Xenomorphs.
  • Unskippable's Dark Void video references this. The appearance of a killer robot prompts Paul to quip "I think that guy's got to take a refresher course on the three laws of robotics." Then The Stinger reads: "The Fourth Law of Robotics: If you really HAVE to kill a human, at least look hella badass while doing it."
  • Parodied in the What If? (xkcd) entry "Fire From Moonlight", where Randall Munroe mashes them up with the Laws of Thermodynamics.
    Cue Ball: The Second Law of Thermodynamics states that a robot must not increase entropy, unless this conflicts with the First Law.
    Ponytail: Close enough.
    Alt Text: The First Law of Thermodynamics states that a robot must not harm a human being, unless not doing so would lead to an increase in entropy.

    Western Animation 
  • On Archer, when Pam is kidnapped, the kidnappers call ISIS using a voice modulator, which makes Archer think that they are cyborgs. He remains convinced of this for the rest of the episode and thinks they won't make good on their threat to kill Pam because it would violate the First Law of Robotics. Which wouldn't apply to cyborgs anyway.
  • In Il Était Une Fois... l'Espace the Lethians, whose society relied on robotic servants that were threatened with destruction at the minimal exitation, were smart enough to program all their robots this way, so they were utterly baffled when they rose against their oppression. The Space Police, after forcing a compromise, discovers that their programming was altered.
  • In an episode of Family Guy, Peter creates a robot to assist the brewery company as a desk worker, giving it a prime directive to never harm people. Immediately, the robot turns on Peter and bashes him against a wall.
  • Rick and Morty: In search of Morty, Rick comes across his AI-powered hologram likeness. This exchange occurred:
    Rick: Don't tell me you gained sentience and tried to take over!
    AI Holo Rick: What? That is some AI racist, accusatory, Isaac Asimov bullshit right there!
  • The Robot Chicken sketch "I, Rosie" involves a case to determine whether Rosie is guilty of murdering George Jetson. Mr. Spacely insists she's innocent as robots have to follow the three laws of robotics, while Mr. Cogswell claims the laws are a bunch of crap. They scrap her anyway, just in case.
  • The Simpsons:
    • The episode "I, (Annoyed Grunt)-Bot" has Homer and Bart entering a BattleBots-parody combat robot competition. Lacking the skill or money to build an actual robot, Homer dresses in a robot costume and does the fighting himself. They make it to the finals, where their opponents' robot, being Three-Laws Compliant, refuses to attack when it sees through the disguise.
    • In "Them, Robot", Mr. Burns builds robots to work at the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, making them Three-Laws Compliant. They're so committed to the first law that they even consider humans drinking beer to be harmful.

    Other 
  • At a 1985 convention, David Langford gave a guest of honour speech in which he detailed what he suspected the Three Laws would actually be:
    1. A robot will not harm authorised Government personnel but will terminate intruders with extreme prejudice.
    2. A robot will obey the orders of authorised personnel except where such orders conflict with the Third Law.
    3. A robot will guard its own existence with lethal antipersonnel weaponry, because a robot is bloody expensive.
  • Warren Ellis's Three Laws of Robotics are here. Basically, robots hate bags of meat, they don't want to have sex with us and they suspect we can't count higher than three.

    Real Life 
  • Real life roboticists are taking the Three Laws very seriously (Asimov lived long enough to see them do so, which pleased him to no end). To institute the Three Laws requires a pile of Required Secondary Powers, such as recognition of a human being as different from anything else, some reasoning ability to distinguish what "harm" is and evaluate different levels, the ability to process natural language to determine "orders" versus "suggestions" and authority, etc. While programmers and engineers are absolutely seeking this holy grail for the benefit of humanity, it really is turning out to be a long uphill walk to get there.
  • In perhaps the closest thing to an Organic Technology example: well-trained working dogs (service dogs, bomb dogs, etc.) and even household dogs work/live on these principles. A dog will almost never attack a human without reason, will listen to their owner's command and will almost always protect their owner (and often even obey them) before they protect themselves. Man's best friend indeed.

 
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Alternative Title(s): Three Laws Of Robotics, Basic Laws Of Robotics, Laws Of Robotics

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