
To name a work is a delicate art: it has to capture the essence of the work (at least most of the time) and do justice to the content. With biopics and other biographical works, this is slightly trickier since a real person's life rarely follows a particular, simplistic theme that eases the process of naming.
Sometimes you can use certain phrases that you think represent the person well: "Raging Bull" for Jake LaMotta or "The Pursuit of Happyness" for Christopher Gardner. But some other times it's best to just name it after the person. Usually it's their last name. Sometimes the given name. It just has this immediate impact. Probably because being mononymous traditionally carries a certain honour (Plato, Rafael, and so forth), this has a certain effect of grandeur. If the biopic's subjects have other famous relatives that share their surname, using their first name also helps highlight them — for example, Priscilla for Elvis Presley's wife Priscilla Presley.
Sub-Trope of One-Word Title, and may even overlap with One-Letter Title (W.). Also a Sub-Trope of Character Title and Protagonist Title. Not to be confused with a variation where the trope is applied to fictional characters, common in TV series in order to highlight the title character's central role.
Examples
- Charlotte (2021) (Charlotte Salomon)
- Tatsumi (Yoshihiro Tatsumi)
- Albéniz (Isaac Albéniz)
- Alexander (Alexander the Great)
- Ali (Muhammad Ali)
- Amadeus (a slightly odd example, as the protagonist is Antonio Salieri; Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart is just the object of his obsession)
- Amelia (Amelia Earhart)
- Amy (Amy Winehouse)
- Artemisia (Artemisia Gentileschi)
- Aurore (Aurore Gagnon)
- Babe (Babe Didrikson)
- Barry (Barack Obama)
- Basquiat (Jean-Michel Basquiat)
- Beaumarchais (Pierre Augustin Caron de Beaumarchais)
- Becket (Thomas Becket)
- Bernie (Bernie Tiede)
- Bonhoeffer (Dietrich Bonhoeffer)
- Bronson (Charles Bronson, not to be confused with the actor of that name)
- Bugsy (Bugsy Siegel)
- Caligula (Caligula)
- Camila (Camila O'Gorman
)
- Cantinflas (Mario Moreno/Cantinflas)
- Capone (Al Capone)
- Capote (Truman Capote)
- Carlos (Carlos the Jackal)
- Carrington (Dora Carrington)
- Casanova (Giacomo Girolamo Casanova)
- Cass (Cass Pennant)
- Chaplin (Charlie Chaplin)
- Che (Che Guevara; actually a duology with a subtitle each.)
- Che!, a different film.
- Chevalier (2022) (Chevalier de Saint-Georges)
- Chisum (John Chisum)
- Chopper (Mark 'Chopper' Read)
- Christine (Christine Chubbuck)
- Cleopatra (Cleopatra; an extreme case with at least five films titled as such, the most famous being the one with Elizabeth Taylor, as well as a 1934 film with Claudette Colbert note .)
- Cobb (Ty Cobb)
- Colette (Sidonie-Gabrielle Colette)
- Cromwell (Oliver Cromwell)
- Dahmer (Jeffrey Dahmer)
- Danton (Georges Danton)
- Dempsey (Jack Dempsey)
- Dillinger (John Dillinger)
- Disraeli (Benjamin Disraeli)
- Domino (Domino Harvey)
- Dumas (2010) (Alexandre Dumas)
- Eiffel (Gustave Eiffel).
- Elgar (Edward Elgar)
- Elizabeth (Queen Elizabeth I)
- Elvis (Elvis Presley)
- Emily (Emily Brontë, distinguishing her from her similarly notable sisters)
- Enid (Enid Blyton)
- Evita (Eva Perón)
- Farinelli (Carlo Broschi/Farinelli)
- Faustina (Mary Faustina Kowalska/Saint Faustina)
- Ferdowsi (Abul-Qâsem Ferdowsi Tusi)
- Fidel (Fidel Castro)
- Frances (Frances Farmer)
- Freud: The Secret Passion (Sigmund Freud)
- Frida (Frida Kahlo)
- Gainsbourg (Serge Gainsbourg)
- Galileo (Galileo Galilei)
- Gandhi (Mahatma Gandhi)
- Ghalib (Mirza Asadullah Khan Ghalib)
- Gia (Gia Marie Carangi)
- Gie (Soe Hok Gie)
- Golda (Golda Meir)
- Gosnell (Kermit Gosnell)
- Gotti (John Gotti)
- Hamill (Matt Hamill)
- Hannibal (Hannibal Barca)
- Hansie (Hansie Cronje)
- Harlow (Jean Harlow)
- Harriet (Harriet Tubman)
- Hawking (Stephen Hawking)
- Helene (Helene Schjerfbeck)
- Heleno (Heleno de Freitas)
- Hershey (H Milton S. Hershey and his wife Kitty)
- Hitchcock (Alfred Hitchcock)
- Hoffa (Jimmy Hoffa)
- Houdini (Harry Houdini)
- Iris (Iris Murdoch)
- Isadora (Isadora Duncan)
- J. Edgar (John Edgar Hoover)
- Jack (Jack Layton)
- Jackie (Jacqueline Kennedy)
- Jambyl (Jambyl Jabayev)
- Jenifer (Jenifer Estess)
- Jimmy (Jimmy Stewart)
- Jinnah (Muhammad Ali Jinnah)
- Jobs (Steve Jobs)
- Joy (2015) (Joy Mangano)
- Juarez (Benito Juarez)
- Judy (Judy Garland)
- Kalashnikov (Mikhail Timofeyevich Kalashnikov - original Russian title, worldwide release title is "AK-47")
- Kamalolmolk (Mohammad Ghaffari/Kamal-ol-Molk)
- Kennedy (John F. Kennedy)
- Kinsey (Alfred Kinsey)
- Klimt (Gustav Klimt)
- Kotovsky (Grigory Kotovsky)
- Lee (Lee Miller)
- Lenny (Lenny Bruce)
- Leonie (Leonie Gilmour)
- Lermontov (Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov)
- Lincoln (Abraham Lincoln)
- Lisinski (Vatroslav Lisinski)
- Lovelace (Linda Lovelace)
- Ludwig (Ludwig II of Bavaria)
- Lumumba (Patrice Lumumba)
- Luther (Martin Luther)
- Mahler (Gustav Mahler)
- Malarek (Victor Malarek)
- Manto (Saadat Hasan Manto)
- Mapplethorpe (Robert Mapplethorpe)
- Margaret (Margaret Thatcher)
- Maria (Maria Callas)
- Marie (Marie Ragghianti)
- Marie-Anne (Marie-Anne Lagimodière)
- Marley (Bob Marley)
- Marshall (Thurgood Marshall)
- Mesrine (Jacques Mesrine)
- Michael (Michael Jackson)
- Miklukho-Maklay (Nikolai Nikolaevich Miklukho-Maklay)
- Milada (Milada Horáková)
- Milk (Harvey Milk)
- Modigliani (Amedeo Modigliani)
- Mussorgsky (Modest Mussorgsky)
- Nadia (Nadia Comăneci)
- Napoléon (1927) (Napoléon Bonaparte)
- Napoléon (1955) (Napoléon Bonaparte)
- Napoleon (2023) (Napoléon Bonaparte)
- Nelligan (Émile Nelligan)
- Nelly (Nelly Arcan)
- Nero (Nero)
- Nesimi (Imadaddin Nesimi)
- Nixon (Richard Nixon)
- Notorious (2009) (The Notorious B.I.G.)
- Oppenheimer (Robert Oppenheimer)
- Patton (George S. Patton)
- Prefontaine (Steve Prefontaine)
- Priscilla (Priscilla Presley)
- Przhevalsky (Nikolay Przhevalsky)
- Piñero (Miguel Piñero)
- Pirogov (Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov)
- Pollock (Paul Jackson Pollock)
- Radio (James Robert "Radio" Kennedy)
- Ray (Ray Charles)
- Reagan (Ronald Reagan)
- Riel (Louis Riel)
- Rimsky-Korsakov (Nikolai Andreyevich Rimsky-Korsakov)
- Rommel (Erwin Rommel)
- Romero (Archbishop Óscar Romero)
- Sadat (Anwar Sadat)
- Selena (Selena Quintanilla-Pérez)
- Semmelweis (Ignaz Semmelweis)
- Senna (Ayrton Senna)
- Serpico (Frank Serpico)
- Shirley (Shirley Jackson)
- Sibelius (Jean Sibelius)
- Silkwood (Karen Silkwood)
- Sinatra (Frank Sinatra)
- Sissi and its sequels (Empress Elisabeth "Sissi/Sisi" of Austria)
- Snowden (Edward Snowden)
- Soraya (Soraya Esfandiary-Bakhtiari)
- Spartacus (Spartacus)
- Spencer (Diana, Princess of Wales, born Lady Diana Spencer)
- Stalin (Josef Stalin)
- Starkweather (Charles Starkweather)
- Suvorov (Alexander Vasilyevich Suvorov)
- Sylvia (Sylvia Plath)
- Tchaikovsky (Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky)
- Till (Mamie Till-Mobley and Emmett Till)
- Tolkien (J. R. R. Tolkien)
- Tony (Anthony Bourdain)
- Tove (Tove Marika Jansson)
- Truman (Harry Truman)
- Trumbo (Dalton Trumbo)
- Tyson (Mike Tyson)
- Valentino (Rudolph Valentino)
- Veerappan (Koose Munusamy Veerappan)
- Victor (Victor Nicolas Davis)
- Violette (Violette Leduc)
- W. (George W. Bush)
- Weird ("Weird Al" Yankovic)
- Whina (Dame Whina Cooper)
- Whitney (Whitney Houston)
- Wilde (Oscar Wilde)
- Wilson (Woodrow Wilson)
- Winchell (Walter Winchell)
- Winnie (Winnie Mandela)
- Wittgenstein (Ludwig Wittgenstein)
- Xinghai (Xian Xinghai)
- Xuanzang (Hsüen Tsang/Xuanzang)
- Yorck (Ludwig Yorck von Wartenburg)
- Zátopek (Emil Zátopek)
- Zelda (Zelda Fitzgerald)
- Zhukovsky (Nikolay Yegorovich Zhukovsky)
- Zohar (Zohar Argov)
- Zola (Aziah "Zola" King)
- Zorn (Anders Zorn)
- Zoya (Zoya Anatolyevna Kosmodemyanskaya)
- Attila (Attila the Hun)
- Benito (Benito Mussolini)
- Bolívar (Simón Bolívar)
- Cleopatra (1999) (Cleopatra VII)
- Dickinson (Emily Dickinson)
- King (Martin Luther King Jr.)
- Napoléon (2002) (Napoléon Bonaparte)
- Oppenheimer (Robert Oppenheimer)
- Senna (Ayrton Senna)
- Veneno (Cristina "La Veneno" Ortiz Rodríguez)
- Barnum (P.T. Barnum)
- Coco (Coco Chanel)
- Diana (Diana, Princess of Wales)
- Elisabeth (Empress Elisabeth of Austria)
- Evita (Eva "Evita" Perón)
- Fiorello! (Fiorello LaGuardia)
- Gypsy (Gypsy Rose Lee)
- Hamilton (Alexander Hamilton)
- Harriet (Harriet Beecher Stowe)
- Kean (Edmund Kean
)
- Mozart! (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart)
- Schikaneder (Emanuel and Eleonore Schikaneder)
- Sophie (Sophie Tucker)
- In a Cracked photoplasty on biopics
you would naturally see some examples.
- Lautrec: a six-minute short paying tribute to the work and the life of Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec
- Ryan: documentary animated short about Canadian animator Ryan Larkin
- The Play Within A Show Freud! that Joey appears in Friends.
