Hawkman is the poster boy of Continuity Snarl for a reason. Mostly this is because his Golden Age and Silver Age pre-Crisis versions were particularly different in concept, to a degree approaching In Name Only, but post-Crisis writers have kept trying to somehow merge the two. His background is something of a Thanagarian snare beast. So grab your pills and try to follow us as we explain his complicated history.
Hawkman was first created by Gardner Fox during the Golden Age. He was Carter Hall, an archaeologist, who discovered that he was the reincarnation of the ancient Egyptian prince Khufu. He created his suit with the Nth metal, and fought alongside Shiera Sanders, the reincarnation of Khufu's wife Chay-Ara. The character notably became one of the most prominent founding members of the Justice Society of America. His series was eventually cancelled, along with all of DC's superhero comics of the time (except for Superman, Batman and Wonder Woman).
Most DC characters were reimagined during the Silver Age, but with new powers, origins, suits and names, and often with a more science-fiction and less fantasy-genre concept. Now Hawkman and Hawkgirl were Katar and Shayera Hol, alien cops from the planet Thanagar who came to Earth in pursuit of a criminal named Byth Rok. They had wings made of Nth metal. The police gave them secret identities as Carter and Shiera Hall. No problems so far: the new Hawkman makes perfect sense, and the old one could be simply considered Early-Installment Weirdness. But then the Pandora's box was opened by Flash in the "Flash of Two Worlds" story, wherein it was established that all the old DC characters were still alive on Earth-Two, an Alternate Universe, including Hawkman. Which meant that there were now two completely different and unrelated Hawkmen and Hawkgirls running around (along with two different Flashes, Green Lanterns, etc.; but let's just stick to Hawkman). But since the characters lived on separate Earths, it was still pretty easy to distinguish them from each other and keep track of their origins; the Thanagarian versions lived on Earth-One while the reincarnating versions lived on Earth-Two.
Then in 1985 DC merged all their various alternate universes into a single universe with the miniseries Crisis on Infinite Earths. While this was an attempt to simplify DC's continuity by way of there being only one Earth to keep track of, it only made things more awkward for the Hawkmen, as the Golden Age reincarnating Hawkman and the Silver Age Thanagarian Hawkman now had to directly coexist on the same Earth. The issue of course being that, despite having the same codename and near-identical costumes and powersets, the two Hawkmen had completely unrelated origins and backgrounds with no explanation for how any of this was supposed to make sense in the new, unified history. This was sort-of addressed when the Golden Age Hawkman and Hawkgirl (along with the rest of the Justice Society) were Put on a Bus to limbo, with the Thanagarian Hawks going on to join the Justice League International.
But then things got screwed up with the 1989 miniseries Hawkworld. In it, Katar Hol is an alien on Thanagar and ends up partnered with Shayera Thal II. This seemed to be a prequel, further detailing the origin of the Silver Age Hawks... but then the popularity of the miniseries led to a Hawkworld ongoing series, which took place in the present day, and had Katar and Shayera come to Earth in pursuit of the criminal Byth Rok. This meant that Hawkworld (1989) was not a retelling of the origin, but was instead a completely new one. This decision created a very serious problem, as it proved impossible to ignore the fact that Katar Hol was just now arriving on Earth in the present day despite also having been a member of the JLA and the JLI for years. There were now two copies of the Thanagarian Hawkman running around the same setting. Whoops.
Trying to fix that mistake, it was explained that the Golden Age Hawks (the ones currently in limbo) had been members of the Justice League of America in the past, effectively taking over the role and relationships of the Silver Age Hawks with the Justice League so Golden Age Hawkman was now the one who was good friends with the Atom and antagonistic with Green Arrow. Meanwhile it was revealed that the Hawks who had joined the JLI were actually impostors. "Hawkman" was Fel Andar, a Thanagarian spy (a version of whom had appeared pre-Crisis in the miniseries The Shadow War of Hawkman) who took the false identity of Carter Hall Jr., the son of the Golden Age Hawkman. Even worse, he brainwashed his girlfriend Sharon Parker to be his Hawkgirl, making her believe that she was "Carter Jr."'s wife Sharon Hall, and killed her when she learned the truth. And to add to this mess, Hector Hall, the actual son of Carter Hall, was still alive post-Crisis. This whole fiasco also caused problems for certain characters connected to Katar, such as Charley Parker, the Teen Titans member Golden Eagle, who had been introduced during The '70s as a fanboy of the Silver Age Hawkman who'd become a superhero to emulate his idol, complete with a highly similar costume.
Around this time, Carter Hall and the rest of the Justice Society were brought back from Limbo, putting the classic Hawks back into play. Golden Eagle, meanwhile, was heavily redesigned to lessen his costume's resemblance to that of Hawkman, while his backstory was changed to remove his idolization of Hawkman and the specifics of where he got his winged outfit.
Let's recount what we have so far:
- Carter Hall, the reincarnating Hawkman from the Golden Age who was a member of both the JSA and the JLA.
- Shiera Hall, the reincarnating Hawkgirl from the Golden Age who was also a member of both the JSA and the JLA.
- Fel Andar, the spy Hawkman that joined the JLI and seemed at first to be Katar Hol before pretending to be Carter Hall Jr.
- Sharon Parker, the Hawkwoman that joined the JLI who'd been brainwashed into believing that she was Sharon Hall and died in a flashback.
- The real Katar Hol, the Hawkman from Hawkworld.
- And Shayera Thal, the Hawkwoman from Hawkworld.
If this suddenly seems like a lot of Hawks with a lot of different backstories to keep track of, DC editorial at the time would have agreed with you. Their big push to address this would be in...
The 1994 miniseries Zero Hour: Crisis in Time! made an effort to tidy everything up and simplify the status quo. It was revealed that Katar's father had landed on Earth at some point and met Carter Hall, and based Thanagar's wings on Carter's and named his son (Katar) after Carter; it was also revealed that Katar was half-human. All the disparate Hawkmen and Hawkwomen were fused into a single being, a "Hawkgod". The end result was that Carter, Katar and Shiera did not exist anymore, Fel Andar got jailed, and Shayera went back to Thanagar.
Unfortunately, this didn't end up settling everything as hoped. Although there was just one Hawkman now – the Hawkgod version – and the ongoing Hawkman (1993) comic kept going for another year and a half after Zero Hour, the sheer weight of the character's convoluted backstory led DC editorial to decide that he was just too much of a mess by now to be usable and to declare the Hawkman characters and even the very name entirely off-limits. For example, Grant Morrison planned to introduce a completely new angelic incarnation of Hawkman (unrelated to Hall or Hol) in the early issues of their series JLA, but was prohibited from actually calling him "Hawkman". This planned third Hawkman was thus renamed to Zauriel and became a character in his own right, unrelated to the Hawks.
Some years later, James Robinson, Geoff Johns, and David S. Goyer revived the Justice Society in the series JSA, but how can we have that team without the Hawks? So they established that Shiera's soul escaped from the Hawkgod and reincarnated in Kendra Saunders, the new Hawkgirl, who had no memory of her previous lives, which also allowed them to ignore the snarl. Geoff Johns continued from there, and brought Carter Hall back. He merged both origin stories: a ship from Thanagar crashed in ancient Egypt, and Prince Khufu and his wife Chay-Ara got access to their tech and the Nth metal. They were killed by the priest Hath-Set and reincarnated several times. Also, since Carter Hall absorbed Katar Hol's memories while they were the Hawkgod, you can just consider Katar an unofficial reincarnation.
The Golden Eagle conundrum was also dealt with by Justin Gray and Jimmy Palmiotti in Hawkman's relaunched ongoing by revealing that the boy was the son of Fel Andar and Sharon Parker (as well as Shayera's nephew), who was briefly mentored by Carter Hall who gave him his costume. If we skip the disaster between Hawkworld and Zero Hour, things mostly make sense. (During Rann-Thanagar Holy War, an omniscient plot device told Carter that the whole reincarnation thing was a lie based on false memories of the Hawkmen of the former multiverse, and implied he was actually just Katar Hol, but everyone ignored that, so we can probably do likewise.)
Afterwards, there was a relatively minor example not related to the wider Hawksnarl: Carter and Kendra died in an explosion in Final Crisis. But Johns wanted to use them for Blackest Night, so they were brought back to life again; and even the arts and plot for Kendra's funeral had to be altered in Justice League of America at the last moment to fit this. They were killed by the Black Lanterns and became zombies. They were revived again, and Kendra turned completely into Shiera. They were turned into wind creatures in the climax of Brightest Day, and Shiera disappeared after that.
Then, all of the DC universe was rebooted with the New 52 and the snarl began anew. In this continuity, Hawkman is Carter Hall again, an archaeologist/linguist. He tried to retire for some vague reason (that was never revealed) at the start of his series, but when he tried to destroy his armor, the shards of Nth metal fused into his body and gave him permanent powers. Meanwhile, Kendra was rebooted onto the new alternate universe Earth-2 as a completely unrelated character who went by Hawkgirl but was otherwise unrelated to the main universe's Hawkman mythos.
Then Rob Liefeld retconned Carter's origin story in a #0 issue, revealing that "Carter Hall" was actually Katar Hol from Thanagar and had amnesia; Carter Hall was just a cover identity he adopted when he landed on Earth, despite the fact that "Carter" was shown to have knowledge of Earth's history while actually being a renowned archaeologist — supposedly because Katar was misidentified as Carter, however, Katar had himself demonstrated historical knowledge! Things happened, Shayera was introduced and killed, Katar joined two different Justice Leagues, and then finally died in the Death of Hawkman miniseries, his last words being "see you in the next life"... implying that the reincarnation thing was still canon?
And then the real Carter Hall Hawkman, Khufu memories and all, was revealed to have existed in Dark Nights: Metal, alongside a Shiera Hawkgirl. Once again, Prince Khufu and Princess Chay-Ara found a crashed spaceship made of Nth Metal and operated as Hawkman and Hawkgirl throughout their numerous lives. One of those lives happened to reincarnate Khufu as Carter and Chay-Ara as Shiera. Both operated as Hawkman and Hawkgirl as usual and died at some point in the past. Both were reincarnated again, this time Shiera coming back as Kendra Saunders — this time recalling her previous lives — both once again operating as Hawkman and Hawkgirl. Carter later disappeared into the Dark Multiverse while Kendra took up the identity of Lady Blackhawk. This explains how Katar was able to pass himself off as Carter — Carter did exist in some form before Katar landed on Earth — but why Kendra would allow this and not get involved remains to be seen.
Hawkman (2018) added a further facet to the reincarnation angle with the explanation that Hawkman (and Hawkwoman) didn't just reincarnate through time, but through space as well, meaning he was both Carter Hall and Katar Hol at one point or another, as well as others like Catar-Ol of Krypton, and Katarthul of Ranna. His new origin is that Ktar Deathbringer, who served The Lord Beyond The Void, decided to rebel against his lord and was given a chance to redeem himself by reincarnating through life in order to save the same number of lives that he had killed with Shrra reincarnating alongside him to help.
With Ray Palmer's help, it's revealed that the reincarnations are not only non-linear, but that they can somehow co-exist. Meaning that Katar, who had died in Death of Hawkman, was reincarnated into Carter Hall in the past and re-emerge in present day following Katar's death.
Shayera's appearance in Justice League (2018) confuses things further since she meets Kendra, and the weirdness of this is noted but not explained, while the fact she's got an apparently-resurrected Katar (it's an Absorbacon illusion) when Carter is still around is presented as a serious anomaly without explaining what the difference is.)
Shayera would go on to hang out with Carter Hall a lot, and the two act romantic without ever once acknowledging that Kendra is still alive and around. That series ended with Carter and Shayera earning their happy ending after their reincarnation was explicitly taken away, leaving them to live out their final lives as Carter Hall and Shiera Saunders during the golden era of the Justice Society of America again (which also confirms that they both have their Thanagarian counterparts memories)... ignoring that this means Kendra shouldn't technically exist since she's meant to be Shayera's next incarnation.
At least until Hawkgirl (2023) which addresses that Kendra exists in a position where she still has her past reincarnations' memories but isn't part of the cycle anymore. This is fixed in the end when she sacrifices all of her previous memories in order to fix the barrier between the Earth and the Nth Metal plane, so now she's an independent being again.
As of right now, the Hawks exist as follows:
- Ktar Deathbringer and Shrra will continue to reincarnate across space and time until they reach the current Carter Hall and Shayera Thal.
- Carter Hall (Hawkman) is an active member of the Justice Society of America (which was re-established following the events of Flashpoint Beyond) and occasionally the Justice League.
- Shayera Thal (Hawkwoman) is the current ruler of Thanagar and occasionally works with the Justice League.
- Kendra Saunders is the current Hawkgirl and no longer the reincarnation of Shrra after Shiera.
- Hector Hall seemingly still exists as Silver Beetle in the Infinity Inc. Although a version of the character named Hektor Hol conceptually appeared as one of the Round Robin entry "Hawkman & Hawkwoman: The Changeling" by Cavan Scott, Fico Ossio, and Michael McCalister.
- Whilst Charley Parker/Ch'al Andar aka Golden Eagle has yet to appear in the modern day, his history as the Golden Eagle of the Titans West remains intact (per Dark Nights: Death Metal The Last Stories of the DC Universe) whilst also appearing in the flashback series World's Finest: Teen Titans as having retired from costumed heroism to become the Teen Titans' social media manager sometime before the establishment of the Titans West.
And there you have it (for now). A backstory so convoluted it took a full two episodes of Justice League Unlimited to even scratch the surface. Well... so long as you don't count Hro Talak. And notably, Hawkman and Hawkgirl’s first major film appearances, in Black Adam (2022) and Superman (2025) respectively, don’t even attempt to go with any of these origins and just introduces them as already-established heroes with no explicit allusions made to their backstories. Meanwhile, most depictions go with Carter Hall, with Katar showing up in The Batman (2004) (he says that he's been fighting on crimes on two worlds and that the Batcave looks like headquarters on Thanagar), Young Justice, and Justice League Action.