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Eswatini

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(Waxaa laga soo toosiyay Swasiland)
Boqortooyada Eswatini
Umbuso weSwatini  (Af-Swati)
Calanka Eswatini
Calanka
Astaanta ee Eswatini
Astaanta
Hal-ku-dheg: 
"Siyinqaba"  (Af-Swati)
"Waxaan nahay qalcad"
"Waxaan nahay wax qarsoon"
"Waan is qarinnaa"
"Waxaan nahay kuwa awoodda leh"
Heesta qaranka: 
"Nkulunkulu Mnikati wetibusiso temaSwati"
"Illaahow, Deeqbixiyaha Barakooyinka reer Swazi"
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Caasimadda

26°30′S 31°30′E / 26.500°S 31.500°E / -26.500; 31.500
Magaalada ugu weynMbabane
Luuqadaha rasmiga ah
Qaybaha qowmiyadaha
(2017)
Diinta
(2017)
  • 7.4% Diin la'aan
  • 2.5% diimaha dhaqanka
  • 0.8% kuwa kale[1][2]
 DadkaSwazi[lower-alpha 1]
DawladdaJamhuuriyad nus-boqortooyo dalxiis midaysan[3] iyo Boqortooyo gabi ahaan ah
• Boqor
Mswati III
Ntfombi
Russell Dlamini
Bheki Maphalala
Sharci-dejintaBaarlamaan
• Aqalka sare
Aqalka Sare
• Aqalka hoose
Golaha Shacabka
Madax-bannaanida ka qaadashada Boqortooyada Midowday
• Sifaynta madax-bannaanida
6 Sebtembar 1968
24 Sebtembar 1968
2005[4][5][6]
• Magac beddelka
19 Abriil 2018
Bedka
• Wadarta
17,364 km2 (6,704 sq mi) (153aad)
• Biyo (%)
0.9
Dadka
• Qiyaastii 2023
1,236,126[7] (155aad)
• Tiro-koobkii 2017
1,093,238[8]
• Cufnaanta
66.8/km2 (173.0/sq mi) (135aad)
Wax soo saar (PPP)Qiyaastii 2023 
• Wadarta
Increase $13.797 bilyan[9] (158aad)
• Qofkiiba
Increase $11,858[9] (113aad)
Wax soo saar (magac ahaan)Qiyaastii 2023 
• Wadarta
Decrease $4.648 bilyan[9] (168aad)
• Qofkiiba
Decrease $3,995[9] (122aad)
Qaybsiga (2016)54.6[10]
sinnaan la'aan sarraysa
Kobaca (2023)0.695[11]
dhexdhexaad (126th)
Lacagta
SaacaddaUTC+2 (SAST)
Koodhka wicitaanka+268
Koodhka ISO 3166SZ
Furaha Internetka.sz
Websaydhka
www.gov.sz

Eswatini,[lower-alpha 2] si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo Boqortooyada Eswatini (taariikh ahaanna loo ogaa KaNgwane[12]), sidoo kale loo yaqaano magacyadeedii rasmiga ahaa ee hore ee Swaziland[lower-alpha 3] iyo Boqortooyada Swaziland, waa dal aan bad lahayn oo ku yaal Koonfurta Afrika. Waxaa dacallada oo dhan ka xiga Koonfur Afrika marka laga reebo dhanka bari, halkaas oo ay xuduud kula leedahay Musambiig. Iyadoo aan ka badnayn 200 km (120 mi) waqooyi ilaa koonfur iyo 130 km (81 mi) bari ilaa galbeed, Eswatini waa mid ka mid ah wadamada ugu yar Afrika. Si kastaba ha ahaatee, cimiladeeda iyo dhulkeedu waa kuwo kala duwan, laga bilaabo dhul buuraley ah oo qabow oo loo yaqaan highveld ilaa dhul kulul oo qallalan oo loo yaqaan lowveld. Caasimadda fulinta iyo magaalada ugu weyn waa Mbabane, caasimadda labaad ee xeer-dejintana waa Lobamba.

Dadka ku nool badankoodu waxay u dhasheen qoomiyadda Swazi. Luqadda ugu weyn ee loogu hadlo waa Swazi (oo u qoran siSwati marka loo eego luqaddooda hooyo). Reer Swazi waxay aasaaseen boqortooyadooda bartamihii qarnigii 18-aad iyagoo hoos tanaasulaya hoggaanka Ngwane III.[13] Dalka iyo dadka Swazigaba waxay magacooda ka heleen Mswati II, oo ahaa boqorkii qarnigii 19-aad kaas oo xukunkiisa dalka lagu ballaariyay laguna midoobay. Xuduudaheeda waxaa la dejiyay sanadkii 1881 xilligii reer Yurub ay ku jireen U-tartanka Afrika.[14]

Ka dib Dagaalkii Labaad ee Boer, boqortooyada, iyadoo wadata magaca Swaziland, waxay ahayd dhul hoos yimaada Wakiilka Sare ee Ingiriiska ee Koonfurta Afrika laga soo bilaabo 1903 ilaa ay dib uga heshay madax-bannaanideedii buuxday 6 Sebtembar 1968.[15] Bishii Abriil 2018, boqorku wuxuu magacii rasmiga ahaa ee Boqortooyada Swaziland u beddelay Boqortooyada Eswatini, magacaas oo si caadi ah looga isticmaalo luqadda Swaziga.[16][17][18]

Eswatini waa dal soo koraya oo loo kala saaro inuu leeyahay dhaqaale dakhligiisu hooseeyo-dhexe yahay. Maadaama ay xubin ka tahay Midowga Kastamka Koonfurta Afrika iyo Suuqa Kaumanka ah ee Bariga iyo Koonfurta Afrika, lammaanaheeda ganacsi ee ugu weyn deegaanka waa Koonfur Afrika; si loo sugo xasiloonida dhaqaalaha, lacagta Eswatini ee lilangeni, waxay ku xiran tahay oo ay la qiimo tahay Rand-ka Koonfur Afrika. Lammaanayaasha ganacsi ee ugu weyn Eswatini ee dibadda waa Mareykanka[19] iyo Midowga Yurub.[20] Inta badan shaqooyinka dalka waxaa bixiya qeybaha beeraha iyo wax-soosaarka. Eswatini waa xubin ka tirsan Ururka Horumarinta Koonfurta Afrika, Midowga Afrika, Barwaaqo-sooranka iyo Qaramada Midoobay.

Dawladda Eswatini waa boqortooyo gabi ahaan ah, tan ugu dambaysay ee caynkeeda ah ee ka jirta Afrika.[21] Dalka waxaa xukumayay Boqor Mswati III tan iyo 1986-dii.[22] Doorashooyinka waxaa la qabtaa shantii sanaba mar si loo go'aamiyo Golaha Shacabka iyo aqlabiyadda Aqalka Sare, laakiin xisbiyada siyaasadeed waa laga mamnuucay inay u tartamaan.[23] Dastuurka Eswatini waxaa la ansixiyay sanadkii 2005.

Dadka reer Swazi waxay la kulmaan arrimo caafimaad oo waaweyn: HIV/AIDS iyo (ilaa xad ka yar) qaaxo ayaa si weyn ugu faafay dalka.[24][25] Boqolkiiba labaatan iyo siddeed (28%) ka mid ah dadka qaangaarka ah waa kuwa qaba fayraska HIV-ga.[26] Markay ahayd 2018, Eswatini waxay leedahay kaalinta 12aad ee ugu hoosaysa rajada nolosha adduunka, taas oo ah 58 sano.[27] Sidoo kale marka laga reebo 2018, dadka da'doodu tahay 14 sano ama ka yar waxay ka dhigayaan 35% dadka dalka oo dhan; celceliska da'du waa 22 sano.[28]

Tixraacyo

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. ↑ "The 2017 Population and Housing Census Volume 3" (PDF). Central Statistics Office. Retrieved 15 June 2021.
  2. ↑ "Eswatini".
  3. ↑ "Diarchies Of The Modern World" (in Ingiriisi). WorldAtlas. Aug 1, 2017.
  4. ↑ "Laws" (PDF). wipo.int. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
  5. ↑ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 29 September 2019. Retrieved 29 September 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ↑ "Constitution" (PDF). gov.sz. Retrieved 27 December 2019.
  7. ↑ "Population, total – Eswatini". The World Bank Group. Retrieved 11 July 2021.
  8. ↑ "Swaziland Releases Population Count from 2017 Census". United Nations Population Fund. Archived from the original on 7 August 2018. Retrieved 7 August 2018.
  9. 1 2 3 4 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Eswatini)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 20 October 2023.
  10. ↑ "Gini Index coefficient". CIA Factbook. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 17 July 2021.
  11. ↑ "Specific country data".
  12. ↑ Philip Bonner (1982). Page 9
  13. ↑ Bonner, Philip (1982). Kings, Commoners and Concessionaires. Great Britain: Cambridge University Press. pp. 9–27. ISBN 0521242703.
  14. ↑ Kuper, Hilda (1986). The Swazi: A South African Kingdom. Holt, Rinehart and Winston. pp. 9–10.
  15. ↑ Gillis, Hugh (1999). The Kingdom of Swaziland: Studies in Political History. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0313306702.
  16. ↑ Cillad tixraac: Calaamadda <ref> waa aan ansax ahayn; wax qoraal ah laguma darin tixraacyada lagu magacaabay "KingdEswatini".
  17. ↑ "Swaziland facts and guide as the country renamed the Kingdom of Eswatini". How Dare She (in Ingiriis Maraykan). 20 April 2018. Archived from the original on 11 May 2021. Retrieved 27 September 2019.
  18. ↑ "UN Member States". United Nations. 30 May 2018. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
  19. ↑ "Swaziland | Office of the United States Trade Representative". Ustr.gov. Archived from the original on 20 July 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  20. ↑ "Swaziland". Comesaria.org. Archived from the original on 10 October 2014. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  21. ↑ Staff (2021-06-29). "Armed forces open fire in crackdown on anti-monarchy protests in Eswatini". The Guardian (in Ingiriis Biritish). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-08-31.
  22. ↑ "Swaziland: Africa′s last absolute monarchy". Deutsche Welle. 14 July 2014. Retrieved 19 October 2014.
  23. ↑ Eligon, John; Silva, Joao (2024-02-17). "The Father, the Son and the Fight Over Their King". The New York Times (in Ingiriis Maraykan). ISSN 0362-4331.
  24. ↑ "Projects : Swaziland Health, HIV/AIDS and TB Project". The World Bank. Retrieved 16 August 2014.
  25. ↑ Swaziland: Dual HIV and Tuberculosis Epidemic Demands Urgent Action updated 18 November 2010
  26. ↑ "Eswatini 2021 Country Factsheet". UNAIDS. Retrieved 30 September 2022.
  27. ↑ "The Economist explains: Why is Swaziland's king renaming his country?". The Economist. 30 April 2018. Retrieved 30 April 2018.
  28. ↑ "Swaziland Demographics Profile 2013". Indexmundi.com. 21 February 2013. Retrieved 19 August 2021.
  1. ↑ Luqadda Swaziga dhexdeeda, emaSwati (jamac) iyo liSwati (kali) ayaa la adeegsadaa.
  2. ↑ /ˌɛswɑːˈtiːni/ ⓘ ESS-wah-TEE-nee; Swazi: eSwatini [ɛswáˈtʼiːni]
  3. ↑ /ˈswɑːzilænd/ ⓘ swah-ZEE-land
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