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Senegaal

Bedel linkiga
Ka Wikipedia
Jamhuuriyadda Senegaal
République du Sénégal  (Af-Faransiis)
Calanka Senegal
Calanka
Astaanta ee Senegal
Astaanta
Hal-ku-dheg: "Un peuple, un but, une foi"  (Faransiis)
"Benn Askan, Benn Jubluwaay, Benn Pas-Pas"  (Woolof)[1]
(Af Ingiriis: "Hal Shacab, Hal Hadaf, Hal Caqiido")
Heesta qaranka: Le Lion rouge
(Af Ingiriis: "Libaaxa Cas")
Location of Senegaal (dark green)
Location of Senegaal (dark green)
CaasimaddaDakar
14°40′N 17°25′W / 14.667°N 17.417°W / 14.667; -17.417
Magaalada ugu weyncaasimadda
Luuqadaha rasmiga ahFaransiis
Luqadaha qaranka
Qaybaha qowmiyadaha
(2019)[5]
Diinta
(2024)[6]
 DadkaSenegalese
DawladdaJamhuuriyad nus-madaxweyne oo midaysan
Bassirou Diomaye Faye
Ahmadou Al Aminou Lo
Ousmane Sonko
Sharci-dejintaGolaha Shacabka
Madax-bannaanida
• Isbeddelka Jamhuuriyadda
25 Noofambar 1958
• Madax-bannaanida Faransiiska[lower-alpha 3]
20 Juun 1960
• Ka bixitaankii
Xiriirka Mali
20 Agoosto 1960
• Kala diristii Xiriirka Senegambia
30 Sebtembar 1989
Bedka
• Wadarta
196,722[5] km2 (75,955 sq mi) (86aad)
• Biyo (%)
2.1
Dadka
• Qiyaastii 2024
Increase 18,847,519[5] (68aad)
• Cufnaanta
[convert: invalid number]
Wax soo saar (PPP)Qiyaastii 2025 
• Wadarta
Increase $105.428 bilyan[7] (100aad)
• Qofkiiba
Increase $5,498 [7] (150aad)
Wax soo saar (magac ahaan)Qiyaastii 2025 
• Wadarta
Increase $34.728 bilyan[7] (103aad)
• Qofkiiba
Increase $1,811[7] (154aad)
Qaybsiga (2011)40.3[8]
sinnaan la'aan dhexdhexaad ah
Kobaca (2023)0.530[9]
hooseeya (169aad)
LacagtaCFA franc-ka Galbeedka Afrika (XOF)
SaacaddaUTC±00:00 (GMT)
Koodhka wicitaanka+221
Koodhka ISO 3166SN
Furaha Internetka.sn

Senegaal,[lower-alpha 4] si rasmi ahna loo yiraahdo Jamhuuriyadda Senegaal,[lower-alpha 5] waa dalka ugu galbeedsan dhul-waynaha Galbeedka Afrika, wuxuuna ku yaal xeebta Badweynta Atlaantik-ga. Waxay xuduud la leedahay Mauretania xagga waqooyiga, Mali xagga bari, Gini xagga koonfur-bari iyo Gini-Bisaau xagga koonfur-galbeed. Senegal waxay ku dhowdahay inay gebi ahaanba ku hareeraysato dalka Gambiya, oo ah dal fadhiya dhul cariiri ah oo ku teedsan daanta Webiga Gambiya, kaas oo kala sooca gobolka koonfureed ee Senegal ee Casamance iyo dalka intiisa kale.[12][13] Waxay sidoo kale xuduud badeed la wadaagtaa Cape Verde. Caasimadda iyo magaalada ugu weyn Senegal waa Dakar.

Senegal waa dalka ugu xagga galbeed ee dhul-waynaha Dunidii Hore, ama Afro-Eurasia.[14] Magaceeda waxay ka heshay Webiga Senegal, oo xuduud u ah dhanka waqooyi iyo bari.[15] Cimiladu inta badan waa midda Sahel-ka, iyadoo leh xilli roobaad. Senegal waxay ku fidsan tahay dhul baaxadiisu tahay ku dhawaad 197,000 square kilometres (76,000 sq mi) waxayna leedahay dad dhowr ah oo gaaraya 18 milyan.[16][17] Dawladdu waa jamhuuriyad nus-madaxweyne ah; tan iyo markii la aas-aasay dalka sanadkii 1960-kii, waxaa loo aqoonsaday inuu yahay mid ka mid ah wadamada ugu xasiloon qaaradda Afrika.[18] Marka loo eego Tusmooyinka Dimuqraadiyadda ee V-Dem ee 2024, Senegal waxay ku jirtaa kaalinta 68aad ee dimuqraadiyadda doorashooyinka adduunka iyo kaalinta 10aad ee dimuqraadiyadda doorashooyinka ee Afrika.[19]

Dawladdan waxaa loo dhisay sidii qayb ka mid ah madax-bannaanidii Galbeedka Afrika ee Faransiiska ee ka xorowday Xukunkii gumeysiga Faransiiska. Taariikhdan darteed, Faransiisku waa luqadda rasmiga ah, laakiin waxaa fahma kaliya dad tirada yar ah.[20] In ka badan 30 luqadood ayaa looga hadlaa Senegal. Wolof waa luqadda ugu ballaaran ee loogu hadlo, iyadoo 80% dadku ay ku hadlaan sidii luqaddooda koowaad ama labaad,[21] iyadoo u adeegta sidii lingua franca ee Senegal oo barbar socota Faransiiska. Carabiga iyo Pulaar sidoo kale waxay weli caan ku yihiin bulshooyinka qaar.[22] Sida wadamada kale ee Afrika, dalku wuxuu ka kooban yahay isku dhaf ballaaran oo bulshooyin qoomiyado iyo luqado kala duwan leh, iyadoo kuwa ugu waaweyni ay yihiin Wolof, Fula, iyo Serer. Dadka reer Senegal u badan koodu waa Muslimiin.[23]

Maadaama uu yahay dal soo koraya, Senegal waxaa loo kala saaraa dal sabool ah oo deyn badan lagu leeyahay, iyadoo ku jirta kaalinta hoose ee Tusmada Horumarinta Aadanaha (169aad ee 193 wadan). Inta badan dadku waxay ku nool yihiin xeebta waxayna ka shaqeeyaan beeraha ama warshadaha kale ee cuntada; warshadaha kale ee waaweyn waxaa ka mid ah macdanta, dalxiiska, iyo adeegyada.[24] La'aanta taariikhiga ahayd ee khayraadka dabiiciga ah ee Senegal waxay u weecisay dadaallada dhanka kordhinta akhris-qoraalka iyo guulaha waxbarashada.[25] Senegal waa xubin ka tirsan Midowga Afrika, Qaramada Midoobay, Guddiga Dhaqaalaha ee Galbeedka Afrika (ECOWAS), Ururka Caalamiga ah ee Francophonie, Ururka Iskaashiga Islaamka, iyo Aagga Sahel iyo Saxaraha.

Asalka Magaca

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]

Dalka Senegal waxaa loogu magac daray Webiga Senegal. Magaca webiga wuxuu ka imaan karaa fasiraadda luqadda Boortaqiiska ee magaca Zenaga, oo sidoo kale loo yaqaan Sanhaja.[26] Sidoo kale, waxay noqon kartaa isku darka ilaaha ugu sarreeya ee diinta Serer-ka (Rog Sene) iyo o gal, oo macnaheedu yahay ‘biyo’ marka loo eego luqadda Serer. Qoraaga iyo wadaadka reer Faransiis David Boilat wuxuu soo jeediyay in magacu ka yimid weedha Wolof-ka ee ah "sunuu gaal", oo macnaheedu yahay "doonteenna".[27]

Tixraacyo

[wax ka badal | wax ka badal xogta]
  1. ↑ "Raaya ak bàkku Senegaal" [Calanka iyo halku-dhigga Senegal] (in Woolof). Presidency of Senegal.
  2. ↑ "African Studies Center| African Languages at Penn". Center for African Studies at University of Pennsylvania. Archived from the original on 29 January 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
  3. ↑ Falola, Toyin (30 November 2017). Africanizing Knowledge: African Studies Across the Disciplines (in Ingiriisi). Routledge. p. 190. ISBN 978-1-351-32438-0.
  4. ↑ "Senegal's Constitution of 2001 with Amendments through 2016" (PDF). Constitute Project (in Ingiriisi). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 April 2023. Retrieved 20 March 2023.
  5. 1 2 3 "Senegal". The World Factbook (in Ingiriisi). Central Intelligence Agency. 23 August 2022. Archived from the original on 4 February 2021. Retrieved 23 January 2024.
  6. ↑ "Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life / Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa" (PDF). Pew Research. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 18, 2025.
  7. 1 2 3 4 "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2025 Edition. (Senegal)". International Monetary Fund. 10 April 2025. Retrieved 9 August 2025.
  8. ↑ "Gini Index". World Bank. Archived from the original on 25 December 2018. Retrieved 2 March 2011.
  9. ↑ "Human Development Report 2025" (PDF). United Nations Development Programme. 6 May 2025. Archived (PDF) from the original on 6 May 2025. Retrieved 6 May 2025.
  10. ↑ "Definition of Senegal". The Free Dictionary. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 6 November 2013.
  11. ↑ "Define Senegal".. 
  12. ↑ "Which Countries Border The Gambia?". WorldAtlas. 28 August 2018. Archived from the original on 25 September 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  13. ↑ "Why is The Gambia Surrounded by Senegal?". Trazee Travel (in Ingiriis Maraykan). 6 July 2020. Archived from the original on 3 October 2023. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  14. ↑ Janet H. Gritzner, Charles F. Gritzner – 2009, Senegal – Page 8
  15. ↑ culturetrip (31 May 2018). "The Real Story Behind Senegal's Name". Culture Trip. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 19 September 2023.
  16. ↑ ""World Population Prospects 2022"". population.un.org. United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  17. ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX). population.un.org ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved July 17, 2022.
  18. ↑ "Overview". World Bank. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  19. ↑ V-Dem Institute (2023). "The V-Dem Dataset". Archived from the original on 8 December 2022. Retrieved 14 October 2023.
  20. ↑ Jacques Leclerc (4 October 2010). "Sénégal". Trésor de la langue française au Québec. Archived from the original on 29 February 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
  21. ↑ Pariona, Amber (27 September 2017). "What Languages Are Spoken in Senegal?". WorldAtlas. Archived from the original on 4 October 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2022.
  22. ↑ Gueye, Massamba (17 November 2022). Spooner, Moina; Diagne, Assane (eds.). "Wolof is reclaiming ground in Senegal as the French language wanes". doi:10.64628/AAJ.xvjeydjhj.
  23. ↑ Hammerschlag, Annika (24 December 2019). "Senegal, a Muslim Country that Can't Get Enough Christmas". VOA. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  24. ↑ Systematic Country Diagnostic of Senegal. World Bank. 4 October 2018. doi:10.1596/30852. hdl:10986/30852. S2CID 240089232.
  25. ↑ "Why Senegal, a small country, is good at providing international organisations with leaders". D+C (in Ingiriisi). 21 November 2014. Archived from the original on 30 November 2022. Retrieved 30 November 2022.
  26. ↑ Holloway, Beetle (31 May 2018). "The Real Story Behind Senegal's Name". Culture Trip. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 31 December 2018.
  27. ↑ Holloway, Beetle (31 May 2018). "The Real Story Behind Senegal's Name". Culture Trip. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 19 July 2022.
  1. ↑ Xogta laga helay Xarunta Daraasaadka Afrika ee Jaamacadda Pennsylvania waxay qiyaasaysaa in qiyaastii 90% dadka u dhashay Senegal ay fahmaan ama ku hadlaan Wolof ahaan luqaddooda koowaad ama labaad.[2]
  2. ↑ Qodobka 1-aad ee Dastuurka Senegal ee 2001, kaas oo dhigaya in luqadaha qaranka ay yihiin Diola, Malinké, Pular, Sérère, Soninké iyo Wolof.[4]
  3. ↑ Iyada iyo Suudaanta Faransiiska, oo ahaa Xiriirka Mali.
  4. ↑ /ˌsɛnəˈɡɔːl, -ˈɡɑːl/ ⓘ;[10][11] Af Faransiis: Sénégal Template:Ipa
  5. ↑ Af Faransiis: République du Sénégal Template:Ipa
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Senegaal
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