Formatted numeric output
You are encouraged to solve this task according to the task description, using any language you may know.
- Task
Express a number in decimal as a fixed-length string with leading zeros.
For example, the number 7.125 could be expressed as 00007.125.
print(‘#05.3’.format(7.125))- Output:
00007.125
The PrintString and PrintChar routines was omitted to keep this short. They handle the printing of null-terminated strings.
As an added bonus, this program supports trailing zeroes, but since the example didn't have any it won't get run.
.model small
.stack 1024
.data
;data segment is unused in this program
.code
start:
mov ax,@code
mov ds,ax
mov es,ax
cld ;make lodsb, etc. auto-increment
mov al, byte ptr [ds:LeadingZeroes]
mov cl,al
mov ch,0
mov al,'0' ;30h
jcxz DonePrintingLeadingZeroes ;there are leading zeroes so we won't skip that section. This branch is not taken.
printLeadingZeroes:
call PrintChar ;print ascii 0 to the terminal 4 times
loop printLeadingZeroes
DonePrintingLeadingZeroes:
mov si, offset TestString
call PrintString
mov al, byte ptr [ds:TrailingZeroes]
mov cl,al
mov ch,0
mov al,'0' ;30h
jcxz DonePrintingTrailingZeroes ;there are none in this example so this branch is always taken
printTrailingZeroes:
call PrintChar
loop printTrailingZeroes
DonePrintingTrailingZeroes:
mov ax,4C00h
int 21h ;exit to DOS
TestString byte "7.125",0
LeadingZeroes byte 4 ;number of leading zeroes to print
TrailingZeroes byte 0 ;number of trailing zeroes to print
- Output:
C:\>prog.exe 00007.125 C:\>_
7.125 "%09.3f" s:strfmt
. cr
- Output:
00007.125
/* ARM assembly AARCH64 Raspberry PI 3B */
/* program formatNum64.s */
/* use C library printf ha, ha, ha !!! */
/*******************************************/
/* Constantes file */
/*******************************************/
/* for this file see task include a file in language AArch64 assembly*/
.include "../includeConstantesARM64.inc"
/*******************************************/
/* Initialized data */
/*******************************************/
.data
szFormat1: .asciz " %09.3f\n"
.align 4
sfNumber: .double 0f-7125E-3
sfNumber1: .double 0f7125E-3
/*******************************************/
/* UnInitialized data */
/*******************************************/
.bss
.align 4
/*******************************************/
/* code section */
/*******************************************/
.text
.global main
main: // entry of program
ldr x0,qAdrszFormat1 // format
ldr x1,qAdrsfNumber // float number address
ldr d0,[x1] // load float number in d0
bl printf // call C function !!!
ldr x0,qAdrszFormat1
ldr x1,qAdrsfNumber1
ldr d0,[x1]
bl printf
100: // standard end of the program
mov x0,0 // return code
mov x8,EXIT // request to exit program
svc 0 // perform the system call
qAdrszFormat1: .quad szFormat1
qAdrsfNumber: .quad sfNumber
qAdrsfNumber1: .quad sfNumber1- Output:
-0007.125 00007.125
with Ada.Text_Io.Editing; use Ada.Text_Io.Editing;
with Ada.Text_Io; use Ada.Text_Io;
procedure Zero_Fill is
Pic_String: String := "<999999.99>";
Pic : Picture := To_Picture(Pic_String);
type Money is delta 0.01 digits 8;
package Money_Output is new Decimal_Output(Money);
use Money_Output;
Value : Money := 37.25;
begin
Put(Item => Value, Pic => Pic);
end Zero_Fill;
- Output:
000037.25
o_form("/w9s0/\n", 7.125);
o_form("/w12d6p6/\n", -12.0625);
o_form("/w12d6p6/\n", 7.125);- Output:
00007.125
-12.0625
7.125
Using formatted transput
Should work with any ALGOL 68 implementation that implements formatted transput.
Note that when using real patterns, if exponent frames are used, the exponent pattern must specify enough digits for the exponent and if it is negative the exponent pattern must have a sign.
#main:# (
REAL r=exp(pi)-pi;
print((r,newline));
printf(($g(-16,4)l$,-r));
printf(($g(-16,4)l$,r));
printf(($g( 16,4)l$,r));
printf(($g( 16,4,1)l$,r));
printf(($-dddd.ddddl$,-r));
printf(($-dddd.ddddl$,r));
printf(($+dddd.ddddl$,r));
printf(($ddddd.ddddl$,r));
printf(($zzzzd.ddddl$,r));
printf(($zzzz-dd.ddddl$,-r));
printf(($zzzz-dd.dddde-ddl$,-r));
printf(($zz-d.dddde+ddl$,-r));
printf(($4z-d.4de+4dl$,r))
)- Output:
+1.99990999791895e +1
-19.9991
19.9991
+19.9991
+19999099.979e-6
-0019.9991
0019.9991
+0019.9991
00019.9991
19.9991
-19.9991
-199990.9998e-04
-199.9910e-01
19999.1000e-0003
Without formatted transput
For implementations of Algol 68 that don't have formatted transput, the output from the previous sample can be reproduced using the fixed and float standard prelude routines.
For the cases where leading zeros are required or partial suppression of leading zeros is wanted, some procedures or operators could be defined to modify the output from fixed and float - possible suitable operators are implemented here.
(
OP UNSUPPRESS = ( STRING v )STRING: # replace leading spaces with zeros #
IF LWB v > UPB v
THEN v # empty string #
ELSE STRING result := v;
INT p1 := LWB result;
IF result[ p1 ] = " " THEN result[ p1 ] := "0" FI;
FOR p FROM LWB result + 1 TO UPB result DO
CHAR c = result[ p ];
IF c = " " THEN result[ p ] := "0"
ELIF c = "-" OR c = "+" THEN result[ p ] := "0"; result[ p1 ] := c
ELIF c = "e" THEN p1 := p + 1
FI
OD;
result
FI # UNSUPPRESS # ;
OP SUPPRESSPLUS = ( STRING v )STRING: # replace leading space/zero with "+" #
IF LWB v > UPB v THEN v ELIF CHAR c = v[ LWB v ]; c = "+" OR c = "0" THEN " " + v[ LWB v + 1 : ] ELSE v FI;
PRIO SUPPRESS = 5; # suppress up to d leading zeros #
OP SUPPRESS = ( STRING v, INT d )STRING:
IF LWB v > UPB v
THEN v
ELIF CHAR c1 = v[ LWB v ]; c1 /= "+" AND c1 /= "-" AND c1 /= "0"
THEN v
ELSE INT len = ( UPB v - LWB v ) + 1;
INT max p = ( LWB v - 1 ) + IF len > d THEN d ELSE len FI;
STRING result := v;
CHAR sign char = IF c1 = "0" THEN " " ELSE c1 FI;
result[ LWB result ] := " ";
BOOL inserted sign := FALSE;
FOR p FROM LWB result + 1 TO max p
WHILE CHAR c = result[ p ];
IF c /= "0" THEN result[ p - 1 ] := sign char; inserted sign := TRUE FI;
NOT inserted sign
DO result[ p ] := " "
OD;
IF NOT inserted sign THEN result[ max p ] := sign char FI;
result
FI # SUPPRESS # ;
REAL r=exp(pi)-pi;
print((r,newline));
print((fixed(-r,16,4),newline));
print((fixed(r,-16,4),newline));
print((fixed(r,16,4),newline));
print((float(r,16,4,1),newline));
print((SUPPRESSPLUS UNSUPPRESS fixed(-r,-10,4),newline));
print((SUPPRESSPLUS UNSUPPRESS fixed(r,-10,4),newline));
print((UNSUPPRESS fixed(r,10,4),newline));
print((UNSUPPRESS fixed(ABS r,-10,4),newline));
print((fixed(ABS r,-10,4),newline));
print((SUPPRESSPLUS UNSUPPRESS fixed(-r,12,4) SUPPRESS 5,newline));
print((SUPPRESSPLUS UNSUPPRESS float(-r,16,4,-3) SUPPRESS 5,newline));
print((SUPPRESSPLUS UNSUPPRESS float(-r,-13,4,3),newline));
print((SUPPRESSPLUS UNSUPPRESS float(r,-17,4,5),newline))
)- Output:
Same as the first sample.
#include <basico.h>
#proto padzeros(_X_,_S_,_D_)
#proto padmoney(_N_,_D_,_F_,_S_,_P_)
algoritmo
n={}, '125, 12.39802, 0.0003221, -0.0045, 457897.789' enlistar en 'n'
fijar separador 'NL'
imprimir( "Express a number in decimal as a fixed-length string with leading zeros:\n\n",\
#(pad zeros(n,19,5)), "\n\n",\
#(pad zeros(n,19,0)), "\n\n",\
#(pad zeros( (-9873000155.584),19,1)), "\n\n",\
"Bonus track:\n\n",\
#(lpad( " ",20,string(n))), "\n\n",\
#(lpad( " ",20,notation(n))),"\n\n",\
#(pad money(n,1,".",19,"$")),"\n\n",\
#(pad money(1980.67,1,"_",16,"USD$"),NL))
terminar
subrutinas
pad zeros(n, l, d)
decimales 'd'
s=0, sgn=0
#( s = string( n * sgn:=(sign(n)) ) )
#( sgn = string(sgn) )
si ( s, es matriz? )
mapear( #(sgn=="-1"), "-", sgn )
mapear( #(sgn=="1"), " ", sgn )
sino
#(sgn=="-1"), entonces{ "-",mover a 'sgn' }
#(sgn=="1"), entonces{ " ",mover a 'sgn' }
fin si
#(cat( sgn, lpad( "0",l,s)))
decimales normales
retornar
pad money(num, dec, fill, size, prefix)
#(cat(prefix,lpad(fill,size,money(dec,num))))
retornar
- Output:
Express a number in decimal as a fixed-length string with leading zeros:
0000000000125.00000
0000000000012.39802
0000000000000.00032
-0000000000000.00450
0000000457897.78900
0000000000000000125
0000000000000000012
0000000000000000000
-0000000000000000000
0000000000000457898
-00000009873000155.6
Bonus track:
125
12.398020
0.000322
-0.004500
457897.789000
1.250000e+02
1.239802e+01
3.221000e-04
-4.500000e-03
4.578978e+05
$..............125.0
$...............12.4
$................0.0
$...............-0.0
$..........457,897.8
USD$_________1,980.7
The function RealF can be used to convert a floating point value into a string, with a specified number of decimal digits. But to fit the string into a greater container prepending 0 we must write our own function. (The one here proposed has no a flag for the alignment of the result inside the containing string)
PROC newRealF(es, fl, digit, len=0, zeros=TRUE)
DEF s, t, i
IF (len = 0) OR (len < (digit+3))
RETURN RealF(es, fl, digit)
ELSE
s := String(len)
t := RealF(es, fl, digit)
FOR i := 0 TO len-EstrLen(t)-1 DO StrAdd(s, IF zeros THEN '0' ELSE ' ')
StrAdd(s, t)
StrCopy(es, s)
DisposeLink(s)
DisposeLink(t)
ENDIF
ENDPROC es
PROC main()
DEF s[100] : STRING
WriteF('\s\n', newRealF(s, 7.125, 3,9))
ENDPROC 'ZF15.9' ⎕FMT 7.125
00007.125000000
APL's ⎕FMT is similar to C's printf (only it operates on arrays).
on fixedlength(x, max)
if x < 0 then
set pref to "-"
set x to -x
else
set pref to ""
end if
set s to x as text
set min to (length of s) + (length of pref)
repeat max - min times
set s to "0" & s
end repeat
return pref & s
end fixedlength
repeat with x in {7.125, -7.125, 77.125, 777.125}
log fixedlength(x, 9)
end repeat
- Output:
(*00007.125*) (*-0007.125*) (*00077.125*) (*00777.125*)
/* ARM assembly Raspberry PI */
/* program formatNum.s */
/* use C library printf ha, ha, ha !!! */
/* Constantes */
.equ EXIT, 1 @ Linux syscall
/* Initialized data */
.data
szFormat1: .asciz " %09.3f\n"
.align 4
sfNumber: .double 0f-7125E-3
sfNumber1: .double 0f7125E-3
/* UnInitialized data */
.bss
.align 4
/* code section */
.text
.global main
main: @ entry of program
push {fp,lr} @ saves registers
ldr r0,iAdrszFormat1 @ format
ldr r1,iAdrsfNumber @ number address
ldr r2,[r1] @ load first 4 bytes
ldr r3,[r1,#4] @ load last 4 bytes
bl printf @ call C function !!!
ldr r0,iAdrszFormat1
ldr r1,iAdrsfNumber1
ldr r2,[r1]
ldr r3,[r1,#4]
bl printf
100: @ standard end of the program
mov r0, #0 @ return code
pop {fp,lr} @restaur registers
mov r7, #EXIT @ request to exit program
swi 0 @ perform the system call
iAdrszFormat1: .int szFormat1
iAdrsfNumber: .int sfNumber
iAdrsfNumber1: .int sfNumber1r: 7.125
print r
print to :string .format: "09.3f" r
- Output:
7.125 00007.125
contributed by Laszlo on the ahk forum
MsgBox % pad(7.25,7) ; 0007.25
MsgBox % pad(-7.25,7) ; -007.25
pad(x,len) { ; pad with 0's from left to len chars
IfLess x,0, Return "-" pad(SubStr(x,2),len-1)
VarSetCapacity(p,len,Asc("0"))
Return SubStr(p x,1-len)
}
BEGIN {
r=7.125
printf " %9.3f\n",-r
printf " %9.3f\n",r
printf " %-9.3f\n",r
printf " %09.3f\n",-r
printf " %09.3f\n",r
printf " %-09.3f\n",r
}
Same output as the C code.
0 P = 5:T = 3:R = 7.125: GOSUB 100"FORMATTED NUMERIC OUTPUT
9 END
REM FORMATTED NUMERIC OUTPUT
REM Given R a Real number
REM and P as left Padding amount, P$ as the Padding
REM and T as the Trailing amount, T$ as the Trailing padding
100 R$ = STR$ (R):L = LEN (R$):S$ = "": IF MID$ (R$,1,1) = " " THEN S$ = " ":L = L - 1:R$ = RIGHT$ (R$,L)
110 IF MID$ (R$,1,1) = "-" THEN L = L - 1:R$ = RIGHT$ (R$,L):S$ = S$ + "-": REM SIGN
120 LET D$ = "":D = 0:E$ = "":E = 0: REM DECIMAL, EXPONENT and POSITIONS
130 IF P$ = "" THEN P$ = "0": REM LEFT PADDING
140 IF T$ = "" THEN T$ = "0": REM TRAILING PADDING
150 FOR I = 1 TO L
160 LET C$ = MID$ (R$,I,1)
170 IF C$ = "." THEN D = I
180 IF C$ = "E" THEN E = I
190 NEXT I
200 IF E THEN E$ = MID$ (R$,E):R$ = LEFT$ (R$,E - 1)
210 IF D THEN D$ = MID$ (R$,D + 1):R$ = LEFT$ (R$,D - 1)
220 LET PAD$ = "": FOR I = 1 TO P:PAD$ = P$ + PAD$: NEXT
230 PRINT S$ RIGHT$ (PAD$ + R$,P);
240 LET PAD$ = "": FOR I = 1 TO T:PAD$ = PAD$ + T$: NEXT
250 IF T THEN PRINT "." LEFT$ (D$ + PAD$,T);
260 PRINT E$;
270 RETURN
- Output:
00007.125
100 REM Formatted numeric output
110 LET N = 7.125
120 PRINT USING ("%%%%.###"): N
130 PRINT USING ("****.###"): N
140 PRINT USING ("####.###"): N
150 PRINT USING ("+%%%.###"): N
160 PRINT USING ("+%%%.###"): -N
170 PRINT USING (".###^^^^^"): N
180 PRINT USING ("#.###^^^^^"): N
190 PRINT USING ("##.###^^^^^"): N
200 PRINT USING ("+.###^^^^^"): -N
210 END
- Output:
0007.125 ***7.125 7.125 +007.125 -007.125 .713E+001 7.125E+000 71.250E-001 -.713E+001
BaCon can use C style printf format specifiers.
' Formatted numeric output
n = 7.125
PRINT n FORMAT "%09.3f\n"
- Output:
prompt$ ./formatted 00007.125
PRINT FNformat(PI, 9, 3)
PRINT FNformat(-PI, 9, 3)
END
DEF FNformat(n, sl%, dp%)
LOCAL @%
@% = &1020000 OR dp% << 8
IF n >= 0 THEN
= RIGHT$(STRING$(sl%,"0") + STR$(n), sl%)
ENDIF
= "-" + RIGHT$(STRING$(sl%,"0") + STR$(-n), sl%-1)
- Output:
00003.142 -0003.142
n = 7.125
print rjust(string(n), 8, "0") # => 00007.125
print zfill(string(n), 8) # => 00007.125
10 print using "0000#.###";7.125
- Output:
00007.125
' FB 1.05.0 Win64
#Include "vbcompat.bi"
Dim s As String = Format(7.125, "00000.0##")
Print s
Sleep
- Output:
00007.125
100 LET F=7.125
110 PRINT USING "-%%%%%.###":FCustom function builds on the supplied 'print using( "###.###", n)'.
NB no check that this does not truncate high-order digits...
and remember LB calculates with more figures than its normal 'print' displays.
for i = 1 to 10
n = rnd(1) * 10 ^ (int(10 * rnd(1)) - 2)
print "Raw number = "; n, "Using custom function = "; FormattedPrint$(n, 16, 5)
next i
end
function FormattedPrint$(n, length, decPlaces)
format$ = "#."
for i = 1 to decPlaces
format$ = format$ + "#"
next i
n$ = using(format$, n) ' remove leading spaces if less than 3 figs left of decimal
' add leading zeros
for i = 1 to len(n$)
c$ = mid$(n$, i, 1)
if c$ = " " or c$ = "%" then nn$ = nn$ + "0" else nn$ = nn$ + c$
next i
FormattedPrint$ = right$( "000000000000" +nn$, length) ' chop to required length
end function- Output:
Raw number = 0.92349667e-2 Using custom function = 0000000000.00923 Raw number = 0.45244905 Using custom function = 0000000000.45245 Raw number = 3084321.68 Using custom function = 0003084321.68220 Raw number = 545.557351 Using custom function = 0000000545.55735 Raw number = 765.455263 Using custom function = 0000000765.45526 Raw number = 650413.092 Using custom function = 0000650413.09248 Raw number = 0.85554345 Using custom function = 0000000000.85554 Raw number = 296.155771 Using custom function = 0000000296.15577 Raw number = 8.3816344 Using custom function = 0000000008.38163 Raw number = 0.1007265e-2 Using custom function = 0000000000.00101
10 REM Formatted numeric output
20 CLS
30 LET N=7.125
40 LET W=9
50 GOSUB 1000
60 SCREEN 10,9:PRINT N$
70 END
1000 REM Formatted fixed-length
1010 N$=STR$(N):N$=RIGHT$(N$,LEN(N$)-1)
1020 FOR I=1 TO W-LEN(N$)
1030 N$="0"+N$
1040 NEXT I
1050 RETURN
Using RSet() to pad 7.125 with 3 decimals converted to a string, to 8 char length.
RSet(StrF(7.125,3),8,"0") ; Will be 0007.125
n = 7.125
PRINT USING ("0000#.###"); n ' => 00007.125
print right$("00000";using("#####.##",7.125),8) ' => 00007.13print format("00000.000", 7.125)
right("00000" & format(7.12511, "f3"), 9)LET n = 7.125
PRINT USING ("0000#.###"): n ! => 0007.125
END
Option Explicit
Sub Main()
Debug.Print fFormat(13, 2, 1230.3333)
Debug.Print fFormat(2, 13, 1230.3333)
Debug.Print fFormat(10, 5, 0.3333)
Debug.Print fFormat(13, 2, 1230)
End Sub
Private Function fFormat(NbInt As Integer, NbDec As Integer, Nb As Double) As String
'NbInt : Lenght of integral part
'NbDec : Lenght of decimal part
'Nb : decimal on integer number
Dim u As String, v As String, i As Integer
u = CStr(Nb)
i = InStr(u, Application.DecimalSeparator)
If i > 0 Then
v = Mid(u, i + 1)
u = Left(u, i - 1)
fFormat = Right(String(NbInt, "0") & u, NbInt) & Application.DecimalSeparator & Left(v & String(NbDec, "0"), NbDec)
Else
fFormat = Right(String(NbInt, "0") & u, NbInt) & Application.DecimalSeparator & String(NbDec, "0")
End If
End Function
- Output:
0000000001230.33 30.3333000000000 0000000000.33330 0000000001230.00
a = 1234.5678
' Round to three decimal places. Groups by default. Output = "1,234.568".
WScript.Echo FormatNumber(a, 3)
' Truncate to three decimal places. Output = "1234.567".
WScript.Echo Left(a, InStr(a, ".") + 3)
' Round to a whole number. Grouping disabled. Output = "1235".
WScript.Echo FormatNumber(a, 0, , , False)
' Use integer portion only and pad with zeroes to fill 8 chars. Output = "00001234".
WScript.Echo Right("00000000" & Int(a), 8)
Debug.Print Format$(7.125, "00000.000")
Output (the decimal separator used depends on the system's language settings):
00007.125
PROGRAM "progname"
VERSION "0.0000"
DECLARE FUNCTION Entry ()
FUNCTION Entry ()
n! = 7.125
PRINT FORMAT$("0000#.###", n!)
END FUNCTION
END PROGRAM
- Output:
00007.125
n = 7.125
print n using ("#####.###") // => 7.125
print str$(n, "%09.3f") // => 00007.125
10 LET n=7.125
20 LET width=9
30 GO SUB 1000
40 PRINT AT 10,10;n$
50 STOP
1000 REM Formatted fixed-length
1010 LET n$=STR$ n
1020 FOR i=1 TO width-LEN n$
1030 LET n$="0"+n$
1040 NEXT i
1050 RETURN
First define a custom function for numeric output.
/*
* Print number n, using at least c characters.
*
* Different from normal, this function:
* 1. Uses the current ibase (not the obase) to print the number.
* 2. Prunes "0" digits from the right, so p(1.500, 1) prints "1.5".
* 3. Pads "0" digits to the left, so p(-1.5, 6) prints "-001.5".
* 4. Never prints a newline.
*
* Use an assignment, as t = p(1.5, 1), to discard the return value
* from this function so that bc not prints the return value.
*/
define p(n, c) {
auto d, d[], f, f[], i, m, r, s, v
s = scale /* Save original scale. */
if (n < 0) {
"-" /* Print negative sign. */
c -= 1
n = -n /* Remove negative sign from n. */
}
/* d[] takes digits before the radix point. */
scale = 0
for (m = n / 1; m != 0; m /= 10) d[d++] = m % 10
/* f[] takes digits after the radix point. */
r = n - (n / 1) /* r is these digits. */
scale = scale(n)
f = -1 /* f counts the digits of r. */
for (m = r + 1; m != 0; m /= 10) f += 1
scale = 0
r = r * (10 ^ f) / 1 /* Remove radix point from r. */
if (r != 0) {
while (r % 10 == 0) { /* Prune digits. */
f -= 1
r /= 10
}
for (i = 0; i < f; i++) {
f[i] = r % 10
r /= 10
}
}
/* Pad "0" digits to reach c characters. */
c -= d
if (f > 0) c -= 1 + f
for (1; c > 0; c--) "0" /* Print "0". */
/* i = index, m = maximum index, r = digit to print. */
m = d + f
for (i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
if (i <= d) r = d[d - i]
if (i > d) r = f[m - i]
if (i == d + 1) "." /* Print radix point. */
v = 0
if (r == v++) "0" /* Print digit. */
if (r == v++) "1"
if (r == v++) "2" /* r == 2 might not work, */
if (r == v++) "3" /* unless ibase is ten. */
if (r == v++) "4"
if (r == v++) "5"
if (r == v++) "6"
if (r == v++) "7"
if (r == v++) "8"
if (r == v++) "9"
if (r == v++) "A"
if (r == v++) "B"
if (r == v++) "C"
if (r == v++) "D"
if (r == v++) "E"
if (r == v++) "F"
}
scale = s /* Restore original scale. */
}
Then use this function to print 7.125 with 9 characters.
x = 7.125
"Decimal: "; t = p(x, 9); "
"
ibase = 16
"Hexadecimal: "; t = p(x, 9); "
"
ibase = 2
"Binary: "; t = p(x, 1001); "
"
quit
- Output:
Decimal: 00007.125 Hexadecimal: 0000007.2 Binary: 00111.001
beads 1 program 'Formatted numeric output'
calc main_init
var num = 7.125
log to_str(num, min:9, zero_pad:Y)- Output:
00007.125
#include <stdio.h>
main(){
float r=7.125;
printf(" %9.3f\n",-r);
printf(" %9.3f\n",r);
printf(" %-9.3f\n",r);
printf(" %09.3f\n",-r);
printf(" %09.3f\n",r);
printf(" %-09.3f\n",r);
return 0;
}
- Output:
-7.125
7.125
7.125
-0007.125
00007.125
7.125
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
float myNumbers = 7.125F;
string strnumber = Convert.ToString(myNumbers);
Console.WriteLine(strnumber.PadLeft(9, '0'));
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
int main()
{
std::cout << std::setfill('0') << std::setw(9) << std::fixed << std::setprecision(3) << 7.125 << std::endl;
return 0;
}
C++20
#include <iostream>
#include <format>
int main()
{
std::cout << std::format("{:09.3f}\n", 7.125);
return 0;
}
Using cl format strings
(cl-format true "~9,3,,,'0F" 7.125)
Using java format strings
(printf "%09.3f" 7.125) ; format works the same way (without side the effect of printing)
This is actually the easiest kind of numeric output to achieve in COBOL, because it requires no adjustments from the way numbers are stored internally (in fixed-point decimal). Each variable declaration requires a PIC or PICTURE clause describing the kind of data that will be stored there. In this case, we have 9 (a decimal digit), repeated five times; then V, the decimal point (cf. French virgule); and then three more decimal digits. Other terms that can appear in PICTURE clauses include A (a letter of the alphabet), X (a character), and Z (a decimal digit to be printed with leading spaces instead of leading zeros).
IDENTIFICATION DIVISION.
PROGRAM-ID. NUMERIC-OUTPUT-PROGRAM.
DATA DIVISION.
WORKING-STORAGE SECTION.
01 WS-EXAMPLE.
05 X PIC 9(5)V9(3).
PROCEDURE DIVISION.
MOVE 7.125 TO X.
DISPLAY X UPON CONSOLE.
STOP RUN.
- Output:
00007.125
(format t "~9,3,,,'0F" 7.125)
import std.stdio;
void main() {
immutable r = 7.125;
writefln(" %9.3f", -r);
writefln(" %9.3f", r);
writefln(" %-9.3f", r);
writefln(" %09.3f", -r);
writefln(" %09.3f", r);
writefln(" %-09.3f", r);
}
- Output:
-7.125
7.125
7.125
-0007.125
00007.125
7.125
D5=7125
A10=D5,'-ZZZZX.XXX' ; 7.125
A10=D5,'-ZZZZX.XXX' [LEFT] ;7.125
A10=D5,'-XXXXX.XXX' ; 00007.125
A10=-D5,'-ZZZZX.XXX' ;- 7.125
A10=-D5,'-ZZZZX.XXX' [LEFT] ;- 7.125
A10=-D5,'-XXXXX.XXX' [LEFT] ;-00007.125
A10=-D5,'XXXXX.XXX-' ;00007.125-
A10=-D5,'ZZZZX.XXX-' ; 7.125-
A10=-D5,'ZZZZX.XXX-' [LEFT] ;7.125-
A10=1500055,'ZZZ,ZZX.XX ; 15,000.55First define a custom function for numeric output.
[*
* (n) (c) lpx
* Print number n, using at least c characters.
*
* Different from normal, this function:
* 1. Uses the current ibase (not the obase) to print the number.
* 2. Prunes "0" digits from the right, so [1.500 1 lxp] prints "1.5".
* 3. Pads "0" digits to the left, so [_1.5 6 lxp] prints "-001.5".
* 4. Never prints a newline.
*]sz
[
Sc Sn [Local n, c = from stack.]sz
K Ss [Local s = original scale.]sz
[Reserve local variables D, F, I, L.]sz
0 SD 0 SF 0 SI 0 SL
[ [If n < 0:]sz
[-]P [Print negative sign.]sz
lc 1 - sc [Decrement c.]sz
0 ln - sn [Negate n.]sz
]sI 0 ln <I
[*
* Array D[] takes digits before the radix point.
*]sz
0 k [scale = 0]sz
0 Sd [Local d = 0]sz
ln 1 / [Push digits before radix point.]sz
[ [Loop to fill D[]:]sz
d 10 % ld :D [D[d] = next digit.]sz
ld 1 + sd [Increment d.]sz
10 / [Remove digit.]sz
d 0 !=L [Loop until no digits.]sz
]sL d 0 !=L
sz [Pop digits.]sz
[*
* Array F[] takes digits after the radix point.
*]sz
ln ln 1 / - [Push digits after radix point.]sz
d X k [scale = enough.]sz
_1 Sf [Local f = -1]sz
d 1 + [Push 1 + digits after radix point.]sz
[ [Loop to count digits:]sz
lf 1 + sf [Increment f.]sz
10 / [Remove digit.]sz
d 0 !=L [Loop until no digits.]sz
]sL d 0 !=L
sz [Pop 1 + digits.]sz
0 k [scale = 0]sz
10 lf ^ * 1 / [Remove radix point from digits.]sz
[ [Loop to prune digits:]sz
lf 1 - sf [Decrement f.]sz
10 / [Remove digit.]sz
d 10 % 0 =L [Loop while last digit is 0.]sz
]sL d 10 % 0 =L
0 Si [Local i = 0]sz
[ [Loop to fill F[]:]sz
d 10 % li :F [F[i] = next digit.]sz
10 / [Remove digit.]sz
li 1 + si [Increment i.]sz
lf li <L [Loop while i < f.]sz
]sL lf li <L
sz [Pop digits.]sz
lc ld - [Push count = c - d.]sz
[ [If f > 0:]sz
1 lf + - [Subtract 1 radix point + f from count.]sz
]sI 0 lf >I
[ [Loop:]sz
[0]P [Print a padding "0".]sz
1 - [Decrement count.]sz
d 0 <L [Loop while count > 0.]sz
]sL d 0 <L
sz [Pop count.]sz
[ [Local function (digit) lPx:]sz
[ [Execute:]sz
[*
* Push the string that matches the digit.
*]sz
[[0] 2Q]sI d 0 =I [[1] 2Q]sI d 1 =I [[2] 2Q]sI d 2 =I [[3] 2Q]sI d 3 =I
[[4] 2Q]sI d 4 =I [[5] 2Q]sI d 5 =I [[6] 2Q]sI d 6 =I [[7] 2Q]sI d 7 =I
[[8] 2Q]sI d 8 =I [[9] 2Q]sI d 9 =I [[A] 2Q]sI d A =I [[B] 2Q]sI d B =I
[[C] 2Q]sI d C =I [[D] 2Q]sI d D =I [[E] 2Q]sI d E =I [[F] 2Q]sI d F =I
[?] [Else push "?".]sz
]x
P [Print the string.]sz
sz [Pop the digit.]sz
]SP
ld [Push counter = d.]sz
[ [Loop:]sz
1 - [Decrement counter.]sz
d ;D lPx [Print digit D[counter].]sz
d 0 <L [Loop while counter > 0.]sz
]sL d 0 <L
sz [Pop counter.]sz
[ [If f > 0:]sz
[.]P [Print radix point.]sz
lf [Push counter = f.]sz
[ [Loop:]sz
1 - [Decrement counter.]sz
d ;F lPx [Print digit F[counter].]sz
d 0 <L [Loop while counter > 0.]sz
]sL d 0 <L
sz [Pop counter.]sz
]sI 0 lf >I
[Restore variables n, c, d, f, D, F, L, I, P.]sz
Lnsz Lcsz Ldsz Lfsz LDsz LFsz LLsz LIsz LPsz
Ls k [Restore variable s. Restore original scale.]sz
]spThen use this function to print 7.125 with 9 characters:
7.125 sx
[Decimal: ]P lx 9 lpx [
]P 16 i [Hexadecimal: ]P lx 9 lpx [
]P 2 i [Binary: ]P lx 9 lpx [
]P- Output:
Decimal: 00007.125 Hexadecimal: 0000007.2 Binary: 00111.001
program FormattedNumericOutput;
{$APPTYPE CONSOLE}
uses
SysUtils;
const
fVal = 7.125;
begin
Writeln(FormatFloat('0000#.000',fVal));
Writeln(FormatFloat('0000#.0000000',fVal));
Writeln(FormatFloat('##.0000000',fVal));
Writeln(FormatFloat('0',fVal));
Writeln(FormatFloat('#.#E-0',fVal));
Writeln(FormatFloat('#,##0.00;;Zero',fVal));
Readln;
end.
- Output:
00007.125 00007.1250000 7.1250000 7 7.1E0 7.13
DuckDB supports string formatting using the widespread printf() conventions and also the fmt mini-language :
SELECT printf('%09.3f', 7.125), format('{:09.3f}', 7.125);
- Output:
┌─────────────────────────┬───────────────────────────┐
│ printf('%09.3f', 7.125) │ format('{:09.3f}', 7.125) │
│ varchar │ varchar │
├─────────────────────────┼───────────────────────────┤
│ 00007.125 │ 00007.125 │
└─────────────────────────┴───────────────────────────┘
Here's a typescript showing how to avoid the tabular decorations:
D .headers off
D .mode list
D SELECT printf('%09.3f', 7.125);
00007.125
D SELECT format('{:09.3f}', 7.125);
00007.125
note
description : "{
2 Examples are given.
The first example uses the standard library's FORMAT_DOUBLE class.
The second example uses the AEL_PRINTF class from the freely available
Amalasoft Eiffel Library (AEL).
See additional comments in the code.
}"
class APPLICATION
inherit
AEL_PRINTF -- Optional, see below
create
make
feature {NONE} -- Initialization
make
-- Run application.
do
print_formatted_std (7.125)
print_formatted_ael (7.125)
end
--|--------------------------------------------------------------
print_formatted_std (v: REAL_64)
-- Print the value 'v' as a zero-padded string in a fixed
-- overall width of 9 places and, with a precision of
-- to 3 places to the right of the decimal point.
-- Use the FORMAT_DOUBLE class from the standard library
local
fmt: FORMAT_DOUBLE
do
create fmt.make (9, 3)
fmt.zero_fill
print (fmt.formatted (v) + "%N")
end
--|--------------------------------------------------------------
print_formatted_ael (v: REAL_64)
-- Print the value 'v' as a zero-padded string in a fixed
-- overall width of 9 places and, with a precision of
-- to 3 places to the right of the decimal point.
-- Use the AEL_PRINTF class from the Amalasoft Eiffel Library
-- freely available from www.amalasoft.com
do
-- printf accepts a format string and an argument list
-- The argument list is a container (often a manifest
-- array) of values corresponding to the type of the format
-- specified in the format string argument.
-- When only one argument is needed, then there is also the
-- option to use just the value, without the container.
-- In this example, the line would be:
-- printf ("%%09.3f%N", v)
-- The more deliberate form is used in the actual example,
-- as it is more representative of common usage, when there
-- are multiple value arguments.
printf ("%%09.3f%N", << v >>)
end
end
n = 7.125
:io.fwrite "~f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~.3f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~9f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~9.3f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~9..0f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~9.3.0f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~9.3._f~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~f~n", [-n]
:io.fwrite "~9.3f~n", [-n]
:io.fwrite "~9.3.0f~n", [-n]
:io.fwrite "~e~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~12.4e~n", [n]
:io.fwrite "~12.4.0e~n", [n]
- Output:
7.125000
7.125
7.125000
7.125
07.125000
00007.125
____7.125
-7.125000
-7.125
000-7.125
7.12500e+0
7.125e+0
00007.125e+0
(format "%09.3f" 7.125) ;=> "00007.125"
format is similar to C sprintf. See GNU Elisp manual on Formatting Strings.
Built in
- Output:
14> io:fwrite("~9.3.0f~n", [7.125]).
00007.125
PROGRAM FORMATTED
PROCEDURE FORMATTED_PRINT(N,LENGTH,DEC_PLACES->FP$)
LOCAL I,C$,NN$
FORMAT$=STRING$(LENGTH,"#")+"."
FOR I=1 TO DEC_PLACES DO
FORMAT$=FORMAT$+"#"
END FOR
OPEN("O",1,"FORMAT.$$$")
WRITE(#1,FORMAT$;N)
CLOSE(1)
OPEN("I",1,"FORMAT.$$$")
INPUT(LINE,#1,N$)
CLOSE(1)
! add leading zeros
FOR I=1 TO LEN(N$) DO
C$=MID$(N$,I,1)
IF C$=" " OR C$="%" THEN NN$=NN$+"0" ELSE NN$=NN$+C$
END FOR
FP$=RIGHT$("000000000000"+NN$,LENGTH) ! chop to required length
END PROCEDURE
BEGIN
PRINT(CHR$(12);) ! CLS
FOR I=1 TO 10 DO
N=RND(1)*10^(INT(10*RND(1))-2)
FORMATTED_PRINT(N,16,5->FP$)
PRINT("Raw number =";N;TAB(30);"Using custom function =";FP$)
END FOR
END PROGRAM- Output:
Raw number = 1213.501 Using custom function =0000001213.50100 Raw number = 86886.11 Using custom function =0000086886.11000 Raw number = 7.98853E-03 Using custom function =0000000000.00799 Raw number = 49.03128 Using custom function =0000000049.03128 Raw number = 1072496 Using custom function =0001072496.00000 Raw number = 703.8703 Using custom function =0000000703.87030 Raw number = 9.711614 Using custom function =0000000009.71161 Raw number = 9561278 Using custom function =0009561278.00000 Raw number = 534.9367 Using custom function =0000000534.93670 Raw number = 67121.88 Using custom function =0000067121.88000
constant r = 7.125
printf(1,"%9.3f\n",-r)
printf(1,"%9.3f\n",r)
printf(1,"%-9.3f\n",r)
printf(1,"%09.3f\n",-r)
printf(1,"%09.3f\n",r)
printf(1,"%-09.3f\n",r)- Output:
-7.125
7.125
7.125
-0007.125
00007.125
7.125
printfn "%09.3f" 7.125f
USE: formatting
7.125 "%09.3f\n" printf
- Output:
00007.125
class Main
{
public static Void main()
{
echo (7.125.toStr.padl(9, '0'))
}
}Forth has a rather rich set of number formatting words, which makes formatted output very flexible but sometime cumbersome.
Here one way to generate the required output. Note that the number generated is NOT truncated to the field width. If you wish to truncate the number, remove #s and 1- from the definition. (The 1- is necessary because #s always generates at least one digit, even if it's zero.)
\ format 'n' digits of the double word 'd'
: #n ( d n -- d ) 0 ?do # loop ;
\ ud.0 prints an unsigned double
: ud.0 ( d n -- ) <# 1- #n #s #> type ;
\ d.0 prints a signed double
: d.0 ( d n -- ) >r tuck dabs <# r> 1- #n #s rot sign #> type ;
Usage example:
Type: 123 s>d 8 ud.0
Result: 00000123 ok
Type: -123 s>d 8 d.0
Result: -00000123 ok
Forth's number formatting words are different than many other languages because they are active code rather than using a pattern string. This small set of seven routines ( >DIGIT <# #> # #S HOLD SIGN ) allow arbitrary number formatting of double precision and single precision numbers. The number is created in a "hold' buffer the output is typically a Forth style stack-string consisting of an address and a length.
Typical of Forth the using the formatting routines means putting things in reverse order. We are also free to create a mnemonic name that gives a reminder at how numbers will appear.
To replicate the example for this task we could write:
: '.' [CHAR] . HOLD ; \ HOLD inserts a character into the number string \ right side . left side : 0000#.### ( d -- addr len) DABS <# # # # '.' # # # # # #> ;
At the console we can input a double number, execute the format routine and type the resulting string.
7.125 0000#.### TYPE 000007.125 ok
Using standard data edit descriptors it is only possible to precede Integer data with leading zeros.
INTEGER :: number = 7125
WRITE(*,"(I8.8)") number ! Prints 00007125
On the other hand
One can engage in trickery via FORMAT statements, in particular the T format option. Unlike actual tab settings which on a typewriter go to a particular column following, Tn means go to column n.
INTEGER IV
REAL V
DATA V/7.125/ !A positive number.
IV = V !Grab the integer part.
WRITE (6,1) V,IV
1 FORMAT (F9.3,T1,I5.5)
END
Output is
00007.125
This would need adjustment for other sizes, but works as follows: The value part is printed (in the format system's working area) as "bbbb7.125" (b's standing for spaces), then the T1 moves the finger back to column one, and the I5.5 writes out "00007", the .5 addendum to I5 meaning print leading zeroes rather than leading spaces. It does not overwrite the subsequent ".125", and as no further output items appear the deed is done. Only later Fortran offers the addendum feature, but the Tab feature is much older.
Another approach would be to write forth a literal "0000" instead of the integer, but this is less flexible. In the absence of the .5 addendum, write the output to a character string (or equivalent), replace leading spaces by zeroes (watching out for negative numbers), and print the result.
See Pascal
Fōrmulæ programs are not textual, visualization/edition of programs is done showing/manipulating structures but not text. Moreover, there can be multiple visual representations of the same program. Even though it is possible to have textual representation —i.e. XML, JSON— they are intended for storage and transfer purposes more than visualization and edition.
Programs in Fōrmulæ are created/edited online in its website.
In this page you can see and run the program(s) related to this task and their results. You can also change either the programs or the parameters they are called with, for experimentation, but remember that these programs were created with the main purpose of showing a clear solution of the task, and they generally lack any kind of validation.
window 1, @"Formatted Numeric Output", (0,0,480,270)
// option 1
print using "0000#.###";7.125
// option 2
printf @"%09.3f",7.125Click this link to run this code
Public Sub Main()
Print Format("7.125", "00000.000")
End
Output:
00007.125
print sprintf("%09.3f", 7.125)
fmt.Printf("%09.3f", 7.125)
Solution:
printf ("%09.3f", 7.125)
- Output:
00007.125
import Text.Printf
main =
printf "%09.3f" 7.125
fun format n length
let n tostr n
while len n < length
let n 0 + n
endwhile
println n
endfun
format 7.125 9WRITE(ClipBoard, Format='i5.5, F4.3') INT(7.125), MOD(7.125, 1) ! 00007.125concept FixedLengthFormat(value, length) {
string = text(abs(value))
prefix = ""
sign = ""
if value < 0
sign = "-"
end
if #string < length
prefix = "0"*(length-#sign-#string-#prefix)
end
return sign+prefix+string
}
software {
d = 7.125
print(FixedLengthFormat(d, 9))
print(FixedLengthFormat(-d, 9))
}- Output:
Abbreviated
3.141592653589793 <=== no printf |3.141593| <=== sprintf |%r| | 3.142| <=== sprintf |%9.3r| |3.142 | <=== sprintf |%-9.3r| |3.142| <=== sprintf |%0.3r| | 3.141593e0| <=== sprintf |%e| |3| <=== sprintf |%d|
provides printf
n = 7.125
print, n, format='(f08.3)'
;==> 0007.125
'r<0>9.3' (8!:2) 7.125
00007.125
Stealing printf from C/C++:
public class Printing{
public static void main(String[] args){
double value = 7.125;
System.out.printf("%09.3f",value); // System.out.format works the same way
System.out.println(String.format("%09.3f",value));
}
}
- Output:
000000007.125 000000007.125
Using NumberFormat:
import java.text.DecimalFormat;
import java.text.NumberFormat;
public class Format {
public static void main(String[] args){
NumberFormat numForm = new DecimalFormat();
numForm.setMinimumIntegerDigits(9);
//Maximum also available for Integer digits and Fraction digits
numForm.setGroupingUsed(false);//stops it from inserting commas
System.out.println(numForm.format(7.125));
//example of Fraction digit options
numForm.setMinimumIntegerDigits(5);
numForm.setMinimumFractionDigits(5);
System.out.println(numForm.format(7.125));
numForm.setMinimumFractionDigits(0);
numForm.setMaximumFractionDigits(2);
System.out.println(numForm.format(7.125));
System.out.println(numForm.format(7.135));//rounds to even
}
}
- Output:
000000007.125 00007.12500 00007.12 00007.14
function fmt(n, options) {
const [whole, fraction] = String(n).split('.', 2)
return [
whole.padStart(options.whole || 1, '0'),
(fraction ?? '').padEnd(options.fraction, '0').slice(0, options.fraction),
].filter(Boolean).join('.')
}
for (const [n, options] of [
[123, { whole: 1, fraction: 2 }], // 123.00
[123, { whole: 5, fraction: 2 }], // 00123.00
[123, { whole: 5, fraction: 0 }], // 00123
[0.5, { whole: 1, fraction: 2 }], // 0.50
[0.5, { whole: 5, fraction: 2 }], // 00000.50
[0.5, { whole: 5, fraction: 0 }], // 00000
]) {
console.log(fmt(n, options))
}
Also, a 60-line implementation of sprintf can be found here.
The jq function pp0/1 as defined below is written in accordance with the task requirements, but no truncation occurs; pp/1 is similar but is likely to be more useful as the decimal point is aligned if possible.
def pp0(width):
tostring
| if width > length then (width - length) * "0" + . else . end;
# pp(left; right) formats a decimal number to occupy
# (left+right+1) positions if possible,
# where "left" is the number of characters to the left of
# the decimal point, and similarly for "right".
def pp(left; right):
def lpad: if (left > length) then ((left - length) * "0") + . else . end;
tostring as $s
| $s
| index(".") as $ix
| ((if $ix then $s[0:$ix] else $s end) | lpad) + "." +
(if $ix then $s[$ix+1:] | .[0:right] else "" end);Examples:
(1.0, 12.3, 333.333, 1e6) | pp0(10)produces
0000000001
00000012.3
000333.333
0001000000
(1.0, 12.3, 333.333, 1e6) | pp(4;2)produces
0001.
0012.3
0333.33
1000000.
Julia's @sprintf macro provides string formatting that is similar to that of the c function of the same name. Though easy to use and efficient, @sprintf has limited flexibility, as its format specification must be a string literal, precluding its use in dynamic formatting. Greater flexibility is available via the Formatting package, which provides an implementation of Python's format specification mini-language. This solution demonstrates both of these techniques to provide the leading zero padded floating point format suggested in the task description ("%09.3f").
using Printf
test = [7.125, [rand()*10^rand(0:4) for i in 1:9]]
println("Formatting some numbers with the @sprintf macro (using \"%09.3f\"):")
for i in test
println(@sprintf " %09.3f" i)
end
using Formatting
println()
println("The same thing using the Formatting package:")
fe = FormatExpr(" {1:09.3f}")
for i in test
printfmtln(fe, i)
end
- Output:
Formatting some numbers with the @sprintf macro (using "%09.3f"):
00007.125
00001.734
00903.432
00000.980
00002.271
00559.864
00105.497
00069.955
00046.107
04970.430
The same thing using the Formatting package:
00007.125
00001.734
00903.432
00000.980
00002.271
00559.864
00105.497
00069.955
00046.107
04970.430
// version 1.0.5-2
fun main(args: Array<String>) {
val num = 7.125
println("%09.3f".format(num))
}
- Output:
00007.125
Lambdatalk has no primitive for numeric output. This is a way to define it:
{def fmt
{def padd {lambda {:n :x} {if {< :n 1} then else :x{padd {- :n 1} :x}}}}
{def trunc {lambda {:n} {if {> :n 0} then {floor :n} else {ceil :n}}}}
{lambda {:a :b :n}
{let { {:a :a} {:b :b} {:n {abs :n}} {:sign {if {>= :n 0} then + else -}}
{:int {trunc :n}}
{:dec {ceil {* 1.0e:b {abs {- :n {trunc :n}}}}} }
} {br}{padd {- :a {W.length {trunc :n}}} >}
{if {W.equal? :sign -} then else :sign}:int.:dec{padd {- :b {W.length :dec}} 0} }}}
-> fmt
{def numbers
7.125
10.7
0.980
-1000
559.8
-69.99
4970.430}
-> numbers
{S.map {fmt 10 3} {numbers}}
->
>>>>>>>>> +7.125
>>>>>>>> +10.699
>>>>>>>>> +0.980
>>>>>> -1000.000
>>>>>>> +559.799
>>>>>>>> -69.990
>>>>>> +4970.430
7.125 -> asstring(-precision = 3, -padding = 9, -padchar = '0')
- Output:
00007.125
Various collection functions, such as MAP and FILTER, will work on individual characters of a string when given a word instead of a list.
to zpad :num :width :precision
output map [ifelse ? = "| | ["0] [?]] form :num :width :precision
end
print zpad 7.125 9 3 ; 00007.125As a debugging feature, you can drop down to C language printf formatting by giving -1 for the width and a format string for the precision.
print form 7.125 -1 "|%09.3f| ; 00007.125function digits(n) return math.floor(math.log(n) / math.log(10))+1 end
function fixedprint(num, digs) --digs = number of digits before decimal point
for i = 1, digs - digits(num) do
io.write"0"
end
print(num)
end
fixedprint(7.125, 5) --> 00007.125
An easier way to do that would be
print(string.format("%09.3d",7.125))
Locale 1032
Print str$(7.125,"00000.000")="00007,125" ' Αληθές
// multiple column print
Print $("00000.000"), 7.125, 100, 200.567
Print $("")
Locale 1033
Print str$(7.125,"00000.000")="00007.125" ' True
// multiple column print
Print $("00000.000"), 7.125, 100, 200.567
Print $("")
printf("%f", Pi);
3.141593
printf("%.0f", Pi);
3
printf("%.2f", Pi);
3.14
printf("%08.2f", Pi);
00003.14
printf("%8.2f", Pi);
3.14
printf("%-8.2f|", Pi);
3.14 |
printf("%+08.2f", Pi);
+0003.14
printf("%+0*.*f",8, 2, Pi);
+0003.14
StringTake["000000" <> ToString[7.125], -9]
00007.125
>> disp(sprintf('%09.3f',7.125))
00007.125
printf(false,"~9,3,,,'0F",7.125);
- Output:
"00007.125"
:- module formatted_numeric_output.
:- interface.
:- import_module io.
:- pred main(io::di, io::uo) is det.
:- implementation.
:- import_module list, string.
main(!IO) :-
io.format("%09.3f\n", [f(7.125)], !IO).
(pick length - repeat prefix) ^left-pad
7.125 string "0" 9 left-pad puts!- Output:
00007.125
Modules IO and Fmt must be imported before use.
IO.Put(Fmt.Pad("7.125\n", length := 10, padChar := '0'));
printer = 7.125
println format("%09.3f", printer)- Output:
00007.125
/* NetRexx */
options replace format comments java crossref savelog symbols binary
import java.text.MessageFormat
sevenPointOneTwoFive = double 7.125
-- using NetRexx Built-In Functions (BIFs)
say Rexx(sevenPointOneTwoFive).format(5, 3).changestr(' ', '0')
-- using Java library constructs
System.out.printf('%09.3f\n', [Double(sevenPointOneTwoFive)])
say MessageFormat.format('{0,number,#00000.###}', [Double(sevenPointOneTwoFive)])
return
- Output:
00007.125 00007.125 00007.125
import strformat
const r = 7.125
echo r
echo fmt"{-r:9.3f}"
echo fmt"{r:9.3f}"
echo fmt"{-r:09.3f}"
echo fmt"{r:09.3f}"
- Output:
7.125
-7.125
7.125
-0007.125
00007.125
Module Out must be imported before use.
Out.Real(7.125, 9, 0);
NSLog(@"%09.3f", 7.125);
or
NSLog(@"%@", [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%09.3f", 7.125]);
Printf.printf "%09.3f\n" 7.125
MESSAGE
STRING( 7.125, "99999.999" )
VIEW-AS ALERT-BOX.It is possible to set the precision used for float printing (where "precision" means the total number of digits used).
It doesn't seem to be possible to use leading zeros for printing, so we implement this manually:
declare
fun {PrintFloat X Prec}
{Property.put 'print.floatPrecision' Prec}
S = {Float.toString X}
in
{Append
for I in 1..Prec-{Length S}+1 collect:C do {C &0} end
S}
end
in
{System.showInfo {PrintFloat 7.125 8}}printf("%09.4f\n", Pi)procedure writeInFixedFormat(n: real);
const
wholeNumberPlaces = 5;
fractionalPlaces = 3;
zeroDigit = '0';
negative = '-';
var
signPresent: boolean;
i: integer;
begin
// NOTE: This does not catch “negative” zero.
signPresent := n < 0.0;
if signPresent then
begin
write(negative);
n := abs(n);
end;
// determine number of leading zeros
i := wholeNumberPlaces;
if n > 0 then
begin
i := i - trunc(ln(n) / ln(10));
end;
for i := i - 1 downto succ(ord(signPresent)) do
begin
write(zeroDigit);
end;
// writes n with
// - at least 0 characters in total
// - exactly fractionalPlaces post-radix digits
// rounded
write(n:0:fractionalPlaces);
end;
##
var Pi := 3.1415926536;
Println($'{Pi,8:f2}');
Println($'{Pi,-8:f3}!');
- Output:
3.14 3.142 !
printf "%09.3f\n", 7.125;
printf(1,"%09.3f\n",7.125)
- Output:
00007.125
echo str_pad(7.125, 9, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
or
printf("%09.3f\n", 7.125);
(pad 9 (format 7125 3))
(pad 9 (format 7125 3 ",")) # European formatput edit (X) (p'999999.V999'); /* Western format. */
put edit (X) (p'999999,V999'); /* In European format. */ lz: Proc Options(main);
/*********************************************************************
* 10.09.2013 Walter Pachl one way to treat negative numbers
* another would be using a Picture of 'S(9)9.V(3)9' or '-(9)9.V(3)9'
*********************************************************************/
Call z2lz(1.2);
Call z2lz(-1.32);
Call z2lz(123456789.012);
Call z2lz(-23456789.012);
Call z2lz(-123456789.012);
z2lz: Proc(z);
Dcl z Dec Fixed(15,3); ;
Dcl s Char(13) Based(addr(p));
Dcl p Pic'(9)9.V(3)9';
p=z;
If z<0 Then
If left(s,1)='0' Then substr(s,1,1)='-';
Else Do;
Put Skip List(z,'can''t be formatted that way');
Return;
End;
Put Skip List(z,s);
End;
End;
- Output:
1.200 000000001.200
-1.320 -00000001.320
123456789.012 123456789.012
-23456789.012 -23456789.012
-123456789.012 can't be formatted that way
print(string.format("%09.3f", 7.125))
- Output:
00007.125
The task is underspecified, so we present a few alternatives.
;;; field of length 12, 3 digits after decimal place
format_print('~12,3,0,`*,`0F', [1299.19]);
;;; prints "00001299.190"
format_print('~12,3,0,`*,`0F', [100000000000000000]);
;;; Since the number does not fit into the field prints "************"
;;; that is stars instead of the number
format_print('~12,3,0,`*,`0F', [-1299.19]);
;;; prints "000-1299.190"
;;; that is _leading zeros_ before sign
format_print('~3,1,12,`0:$', [1299.19]);
;;; prints "00001299.190"
format_print('~3,1,12,`0:$', [-1299.19]);
;;; prints "-0001299.190"
;;; that is sign before leading zeros
format_print('~3,1,12,`0:$', [100000000000000000]);
;;; prints "100000000000000000.000"
;;; that is uses more space if the number does not fit into
;;; fixed widthUsing the -f formatting operator and a custom format string:
'{0:00000.000}' -f 7.125
or by invoking ToString on the number:
7.125.ToString('00000.000')
Python has 3 different floating point formatting methods: "%e","%f" & "%g". The "%g" format is a beautified hybrid of "%e" and "%f". There is no way of specifying how many digits appear in the exponent when printed with a format.
from math import pi, exp
r = exp(pi)-pi
print r
print "e=%e f=%f g=%g G=%G s=%s r=%r!"%(r,r,r,r,r,r)
print "e=%9.4e f=%9.4f g=%9.4g!"%(-r,-r,-r)
print "e=%9.4e f=%9.4f g=%9.4g!"%(r,r,r)
print "e=%-9.4e f=%-9.4f g=%-9.4g!"%(r,r,r)
print "e=%09.4e f=%09.4f g=%09.4g!"%(-r,-r,-r)
print "e=%09.4e f=%09.4f g=%09.4g!"%(r,r,r)
print "e=%-09.4e f=%-09.4f g=%-09.4g!"%(r,r,r)
- Output:
19.9990999792 e=1.999910e+01 f=19.999100 g=19.9991 G=19.9991 s=19.9990999792 r=19.999099979189474! e=-1.9999e+01 f= -19.9991 g= -20! e=1.9999e+01 f= 19.9991 g= 20! e=1.9999e+01 f=19.9991 g=20 ! e=-1.9999e+01 f=-019.9991 g=-00000020! e=1.9999e+01 f=0019.9991 g=000000020! e=1.9999e+01 f=19.9991 g=20 !
from math import pi, exp
r = exp(pi)-pi
print(r)
print("e={0:e} f={0:f} g={0:g} G={0:G} s={0!s} r={0!r}!".format(r))
print("e={0:9.4e} f={0:9.4f} g={0:9.4g}!".format(-r))
print("e={0:9.4e} f={0:9.4f} g={0:9.4g}!".format(r))
print("e={0:-9.4e} f={0:-9.4f} g={0:-9.4g}!".format(r))
print("e={0:09.4e} f={0:09.4f} g={0:09.4g}!".format(-r))
print("e={0:09.4e} f={0:09.4f} g={0:09.4g}!".format(r))
print("e={0:-09.4e} f={0:-09.4f} g={0:-09.4g}!".format(r))
- Output:
19.9990999792 e=1.999910e+01 f=19.999100 g=19.9991 G=19.9991 s=19.9990999792 r=19.999099979189474! e=-1.9999e+01 f= -19.9991 g= -20! e=1.9999e+01 f= 19.9991 g= 20! e=1.9999e+01 f=19.9991 g=20 ! e=-1.9999e+01 f=-019.9991 g=-00000020! e=1.9999e+01 f=0019.9991 g=000000020! e=1.9999e+01 f=19.9991 g=20 !
Behaviour of format ( $ a b --> $ )
Accepts a well formatted numerical string $, optionally with a decimal point, without validation.
a is the number of digits before the decimal point. b is the number of digits after the decimal point.
Returns a string $ with either a leading zero or a leading space, then at least a digits, then a decimal point, then at least b digits. The digits are padded with zeroes fore and aft if required.
"at least" – if there are already more digits before the point than a, and/or more digits after the point than b, it will not crop the number. IMO, it is better to mess up the formatting than to display an incorrect number. Check the $ is not too long fore or aft before passing to format if the string may be truncated.
[ over find swap found ] is has ( $ c --> b )
[ over 0 peek
char - = iff
[ dip [ behead drop ]
true unrot ]
else [ false unrot ]
over char . swap find
- char 0 swap of
swap join
swap iff char -
else space
swap join ] is left-pad ( $ n --> $ )
[ over char . has not if
[ dip [ char . join ] ]
over char . swap find
dip [ over size ]
1+ - -
char 0 swap of
join ] is right-pad ( $ n --> $ )
[ dip left-pad right-pad ] is format ( $ n n --> $ )
' [ $ "7.125"
$ "-7.125"
$ "0.125"
$ "-0.12"
$ "7.12"
$ "-7.12"
$ "0.12"
$ "-0.12"
$ "7"
$ "-7"
$ "0" ]
witheach
[ do 5 3 format echo$ cr ]- Output:
00007.125 -00007.125 00000.125 -00000.120 00007.120 -00007.120 00000.120 -00000.120 00007.000 -00007.000 00000.000
sprintf brings the printf goodness one expects:
> sprintf("%f", pi)
[1] "3.141593"
> sprintf("%.3f", pi)
[1] "3.142"
> sprintf("%1.0f", pi)
[1] "3"
> sprintf("%5.1f", pi)
[1] " 3.1"
> sprintf("%05.1f", pi)
[1] "003.1"
> sprintf("%+f", pi)
[1] "+3.141593"
> sprintf("% f", pi)
[1] " 3.141593"
> sprintf("%-10f", pi)# left justified
[1] "3.141593 "
> sprintf("%e", pi)
[1] "3.141593e+00"
> sprintf("%E", pi)
[1] "3.141593E+00"
> sprintf("%g", pi)
[1] "3.14159"
> sprintf("%g", 1e6 * pi) # -> exponential
[1] "3.14159e+06"
> sprintf("%.9g", 1e6 * pi) # -> "fixed"
[1] "3141592.65"
> sprintf("%G", 1e-6 * pi)
[1] "3.14159E-06"
formatC also provides C-style string formatting.
formatC(x, width=9, flag="0")
# "00007.125"
Other string formatting functions include
format, prettynum
-> (displayln (~a 7.125 #:width 9 #:align 'right #:pad-string "0"))
00007.125
(formerly Perl 6)
say 7.125.fmt('%09.3f');
7.125 "%09.3f" print
00007.125define PI
-1 acos
PI exp PI - as r
r print "\n" print
r "" prefer "s=%s!\n" print
r dup dup dup dup "e=%e f=%f g=%g G=%G!\n" print
-1 r * dup dup "e=%9.4e f=%9.4f g=%9.4g!\n" print
r dup dup "e=%9.4e f=%9.4f g=%9.4g!\n" print
r dup dup "e=%-9.4e f=%-9.4f g=%-9.4g!\n" print
r -1 * dup dup "e=%09.4e f=%09.4f g=%09.4g!\n" print
r dup dup "e=%09.4e f=%09.4f g=%09.4g!\n" print
r dup dup "e=%-09.4e f=%-09.4f g=%-09.4g!\n" print19.9991
s=19.999100!
e=1.999910e+01 f=19.999100 g=19.9991 G=19.9991!
e=-1.9999e+01 f= -19.9991 g= -20!
e=1.9999e+01 f= 19.9991 g= 20!
e=1.9999e+01 f=19.9991 g=20 !
e=-1.9999e+01 f=-019.9991 g=-00000020!
e=1.9999e+01 f=0019.9991 g=000000020!
e=1.9999e+01 f=19.9991 g=20 !Rebol [
Title: "Formatted Numeric Output"
URL: http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Formatted_Numeric_Output
]
; Rebol has no built-in facilities for printing pictured output.
; However, it's not too hard to cook something up using the
; string manipulation facilities.
zeropad: func [
"Pad number with zeros or spaces. Works on entire number."
pad "Number of characters to pad to."
n "Number to pad."
/space "Pad with spaces instead."
/local nn c s
][
n: to-string n c: " " s: ""
if not space [
c: "0"
if #"-" = n/1 [pad: pad - 1 n: copy skip n 1 s: "-"]
]
insert/dup n c (pad - length? n)
insert n s
n
]
; These tests replicate the C example output.
print [zeropad/space 9 negate 7.125]
print [zeropad/space 9 7.125]
print 7.125
print [zeropad 9 negate 7.125]
print [zeropad 9 7.125]
print 7.125
- Output:
-7.125
7.125
7.125
-0007.125
00007.125
7.125
/*REXX program shows various ways to add leading zeroes to numbers. */
a=7.125
b=translate(format(a,10),0,' ')
say 'a=' a
say 'b=' b
say
c=8.37
d=right(c,20,0)
say 'c=' c
say 'd=' d
say
e=19.46
f='000000'e
say 'e=' e
say 'f=' f
say
g=18.25e+1
h=000000||g
say 'g=' g
say 'h=' h
say
i=45.2
j=translate(' 'i,0," ")
say 'i=' i
say 'j=' j
say
k=36.007
l=insert(00000000,k,0)
say 'k=' k
say 'l=' l
say
m=.10055
n=copies(0,20)m
say 'm=' m
say 'n=' n
say
p=4.060
q=0000000000000||p
say 'p=' p
say 'q=' q
say
r=876
s=substr(r+10000000,2)
say 'r=' r
say 's=' s
say
t=13.02
u=reverse(reverse(t)000000000)
say 't=' t
say 'u=' u
/*stick a fork in it, we're done.*/- Output:
a= 7.125 b= 0000000007.125 c= 8.37 d= 00000000000000008.37 e= 19.46 f= 00000019.46 g= 18.25E+1 h= 00000018.25E+1 i= 45.2 j= 00000045.2 k= 36.007 l= 0000000036.007 m= .10055 n= 00000000000000000000.10055 p= 4.060 q= 00000000000004.060 r= 876 s= 0000876 t= 13.02 u= 00000000013.02
decimals(3)
see fixedprint(7.125, 5) + nl
func fixedprint num, digs
for i = 1 to digs - len(string(floor(num)))
see "0"
next
see num + nlNumber formatting in RPL is at 1980s standards (ANSI BASIC X3J2, 1983 to be precise). If the user wants something else, she/he has to write some code, formatting the number as a string.
≪ 1 CF IF OVER 0 < THEN 1 SF 1 - END
SWAP ABS →STR
WHILE DUP2 SIZE > REPEAT
"0" SWAP + END
IF 1 FS? THEN "-" SWAP + END
SWAP DROP
≫ 'TASK' STO
- Input:
7.125 9 TASK -7.125 9 TASK
- Output:
2: "00007.125" 1: "-0007.125"
r = 7.125
printf " %9.3f\n", r #=> 7.125
printf " %09.3f\n", r #=> 00007.125
printf " %09.3f\n", -r #=> -0007.125
printf " %+09.3f\n", r #=> +0007.125
puts " %9.3f" % r #=> 7.125
puts " %09.3f" % r #=> 00007.125
puts " %09.3f" % -r #=> -0007.125
puts " %+09.3f" % r #=> +0007.125fn main() {
let x = 7.125;
println!("{:9}", x);
println!("{:09}", x);
println!("{:9}", -x);
println!("{:09}", -x);
}- Output:
7.125 00007.125 -7.125 -0007.125
The Fill options should fill with any character, but it is still (!) not implemented; according to ICSI Sather library documentation (GNU Sather library documentation is missing) works only for string, bools and characters, but a test has revealed it does not work in either way (yet) (GNU Sather v1.2.3).
class MAIN is
main is
#OUT + #FMT("<F0 #####.###>", 7.1257) + "\n";
#OUT + #FMT("<F0 #####.###>", 7.1254) + "\n";
end;
end;Luckly the C-like formats are supported too:
#OUT + #FMT("%09.3f", 7.125) + "\n";As shown in a Scala Worksheet:
object FormattedNumeric {
val r = 7.125 //> r : Double = 7.125
println(f" ${-r}%9.3f"); //> -7,125
println(f" $r%9.3f"); //> 7,125
println(f" $r%-9.3f"); //> 7,125
println(f" ${-r}%09.3f"); //> -0007,125
println(f" $r%09.3f"); //> 00007,125
println(f" $r%-9.3f"); //> 7,125
println(f" $r%+09.3f"); //> +0007,125
}Obtain the implementation of SRFI 54 from http://srfi.schemers.org/srfi-54/srfi-54.html and save it as "srfi-54.scm" in directory Gauche/share/gauche/site/lib/
(load "srfi-54.scm")
(load "srfi-54.scm") ;; Don't ask.
(define x 295643087.65432)
(dotimes (i 4)
(print (cat x 25 3.0 #\0 (list #\, (- 4 i)))))- Output:
00000000002,9564,3087.654 0000000000295,643,087.654 00000002,95,64,30,87.65,4 002,9,5,6,4,3,0,8,7.6,5,4
$ include "seed7_05.s7i";
include "float.s7i";
const proc: main is func
local
const float: r is 7.125;
begin
writeln( r digits 3 lpad 9);
writeln(-r digits 3 lpad 9);
writeln( r digits 3 lpad0 9);
writeln(-r digits 3 lpad0 9);
writeln( r digits 3);
writeln(-r digits 3);
end func;- Output:
7.125 -7.125 00007.125 -0007.125 7.125 -7.125
printf("%09.3f\n", 7.125);or
say ("%09.3f" % 7.125);- Output:
00007.125
Transcript show: (7.125 printPaddedWith: $0 to: 3.6); cr.
"output: 007.125000"(7.123 asFixedPoint:3) printOn: Transcript leftPaddedTo: 9 with: $0
"output: 00007.125"notice that printOn:* is implemented in Object;thus any object can be printed with padding this way.
Using the PrintfScanf utility:
PrintfScanf new printf:'%08.3f' arguments: { 7.125 }declare @n int
select @n=123
select substring(convert(char(5), 10000+@n),2,4) as FourDigits
set @n=5
print "TwoDigits: " + substring(convert(char(3), 100+@n),2,2)
--Output: 05print (StringCvt.padLeft #"0" 9 (Real.fmt (StringCvt.FIX (SOME 3)) 7.125) ^ "\n")print (Format.format "%09.3f\n" [Format.REAL 7.125])See format in Stata help.
. display %010.3f (57/8)
000007.125Print(7.125.Pad(9))- Output:
00007.125
print format '%09.3f;' 7.125
print pad left 7.125 to 9 by '0'
set number 7.342
format "%08.3f" $number- Output:
0007.432
Use with puts if output is desired to go to a channel.
needs values
value n
123 to n
2 import printf
" %08d" n printfThe library function printf calls the host system's C library function by that name and can cope with any of the same numeric formats.
#import flo
x = 7.125
#show+
t = <printf/'%09.3f' x>- Output:
00007.125
void main() {
double r = 7.125;
print(" %9.3f\n", -r);
print(" %9.3f\n",r);
print(" %-9.3f\n",r);
print(" %09.3f\n",-r);
print(" %09.3f\n",r);
print(" %-09.3f\n",r);
}- Output:
-7.125
7.125
7.125
-0007.125
00007.125
7.125
Vedit only supports integers, but fixed point calculations can be used for decimal values.
The following example uses 3 decimal places (value scaled by 1000).
The output is inserted at current edit position.
#1 = 7125
Num_Ins(#1, FILL+COUNT, 9) Char(-3) Ins_Char('.')- Output:
00007.125
fn main() {
// refer to string interpolation and format place holding in documentation
// pad with zeros towards the left
num := 7.125
println("${num:09f}")
}- Output:
00007.125
import "./fmt" for Fmt
var n = 7.125
System.print(Fmt.rjust(9, n, "0"))- Output:
00007.125
int C;
[Format(5, 3); \5 places before decimal point and 3 after
RlOut(8, 7.125); \output real number to internal buffer
loop [C:= ChIn(8); \read character from internal buffer
if C = ^ then C:= ^0; \change leading space characters to zeros
if C = $1A then quit; \exit loop on end-of-file (EOF = end of chars)
ChOut(0, C); \display digit character on terminal
];
]- Output:
00007.125
<xsl:value-of select="format-number(7.125, '00000000.#############')" />
!ys-0
defn main(n=7.125 width=9 decimals=3):
say: n.format("%0$width.${decimals}f")- Output:
$ ys formatted-numeric-output.ys 00007.125
fn main() {
let n = 7.125;
println "{n:09.3f}";
}- Output:
00007.125
"%09.3f".fmt(7.125) //-->"00007.125"
"%09.3e".fmt(7.125) //-->"7.125e+00"
"%09.3g".fmt(7.125) //-->"000007.12"
"%09d".fmt(7.125) //-->"000000007"
"%09,d".fmt(78901.125)//-->"00078,901"Categories:
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