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. 2016 Jan 14:16:2.
doi: 10.1186/s12914-015-0072-9.

Access to health services by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons: systematic literature review

Grayce Alencar Albuquerque  1   2 , Cintia de Lima Garcia  3   4 , Glauberto da Silva Quirino  5 , Maria Juscinaide Henrique Alves  6 , Jameson Moreira Belém  7 , Francisco Winter dos Santos Figueiredo  8 , Laércio da Silva Paiva  9 , Vânia Barbosa do Nascimento  10 , Érika da Silva Maciel  11 , Vitor Engrácia Valenti  12 , Luiz Carlos de Abreu  13 , Fernando Adami  14
Affiliations

Affiliations

  • 1 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. geycy@oi.com.br.
  • 2 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. geycy@oi.com.br.
  • 3 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. cintiadelimagarcia@hotmail.com.
  • 4 Faculty of Juazeiro, São Miguel Street, 1.224, ZIP Code: 63010-210, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil. cintiadelimagarcia@hotmail.com.
  • 5 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. glaubertoce@hotmail.com.
  • 6 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. juscinaidehenrique@hotmal.com.
  • 7 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. jam.ex@hotmail.com.
  • 8 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. winterfigueiredo@gmail.com.
  • 9 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. laerciospaiva@gmail.com.
  • 10 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. vaniabn@uol.com.br.
  • 11 Lutheran University Center of Palmas, Teotônio Segurado Avenue, 1501, ZIP Code: 77019-900, Palmas, TO, Brazil. erikasmaciel@ceulp.edu.br.
  • 12 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. vitor.valenti@marilia.unesp.br.
  • 13 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. cdh.fsp@gmail.com.
  • 14 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. adamifernando@uol.com.br.

Access to health services by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons: systematic literature review

Grayce Alencar Albuquerque et al. BMC Int Health Hum Rights. .
. 2016 Jan 14:16:2.
doi: 10.1186/s12914-015-0072-9.

Authors

Grayce Alencar Albuquerque  1   2 , Cintia de Lima Garcia  3   4 , Glauberto da Silva Quirino  5 , Maria Juscinaide Henrique Alves  6 , Jameson Moreira Belém  7 , Francisco Winter dos Santos Figueiredo  8 , Laércio da Silva Paiva  9 , Vânia Barbosa do Nascimento  10 , Érika da Silva Maciel  11 , Vitor Engrácia Valenti  12 , Luiz Carlos de Abreu  13 , Fernando Adami  14

Affiliations

  • 1 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. geycy@oi.com.br.
  • 2 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. geycy@oi.com.br.
  • 3 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. cintiadelimagarcia@hotmail.com.
  • 4 Faculty of Juazeiro, São Miguel Street, 1.224, ZIP Code: 63010-210, Juazeiro do Norte, CE, Brazil. cintiadelimagarcia@hotmail.com.
  • 5 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. glaubertoce@hotmail.com.
  • 6 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. juscinaidehenrique@hotmal.com.
  • 7 Regional University of Cariri, Luiz Antônio Street, 1.161, ZIP Code: 63100-00, Crato, CE, Brazil. jam.ex@hotmail.com.
  • 8 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. winterfigueiredo@gmail.com.
  • 9 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. laerciospaiva@gmail.com.
  • 10 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. vaniabn@uol.com.br.
  • 11 Lutheran University Center of Palmas, Teotônio Segurado Avenue, 1501, ZIP Code: 77019-900, Palmas, TO, Brazil. erikasmaciel@ceulp.edu.br.
  • 12 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. vitor.valenti@marilia.unesp.br.
  • 13 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. cdh.fsp@gmail.com.
  • 14 Faculty of Medicine of ABC, Príncipe de Gales Avenue, 821, ZIP Code: 09060-650, Santo André, SP, Brazil. adamifernando@uol.com.br.

Abstract

Background: The relationship between users and health services is considered essential to strengthen the quality of care. However, the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender population suffer from prejudice and discrimination in access and use of these services. This study aimed to identify the difficulties associated with homosexuality in access and utilization of health services.

Method: A systematic review conducted using PubMed, Cochrane, SciELO, and LILACS, considering the period from 2004 to 2014. The studies were evaluated according to predefined inclusion and exclusion criterias. Were included manuscripts written in English or Portuguese, articles examining the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender population's access to health services and original articles with full text available online.

Results: The electronic databases search resulted in 667 studies, of which 14 met all inclusion criteria. Quantitative articles were predominant, showing the country of United States of America to be the largest producer of research on the topic. The studies reveal that the homosexual population have difficulties of access to health services as a result of heteronormative attitudes imposed by health professionals. The discriminatory attendance implies in human rights violations in access to health services.

Conclusions: The non-heterosexual orientation was a determinant factor in the difficulties of accessing health care. A lot must still be achieved to ensure access to health services for sexual minorities, through the adoption of holistic and welcoming attitudes. The results of this study highlight the need for larger discussions about the theme, through new research and debates, with the aim of enhancing professionals and services for the health care of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Persons.

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Figures

Fig. 1

Fig. 1

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic…

Fig. 1

Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)

Fig. 1
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA)
Fig. 2

Fig. 2

Axles considered obstacles for access…

Fig. 2

Axles considered obstacles for access to health services and health care. LGBT: Lesbians,…

Fig. 2
Axles considered obstacles for access to health services and health care. LGBT: Lesbians, Gays, Bisexuals, and Transgenders. [Image: see text] Themes. [Image: see text] Developments of Themes. [Image: see text] Bidirectional flow implications
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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