class AtLeastOneOfValidator extends ConstraintValidator
{
    public function validate($value, Constraint $constraint)
    {

        ...

        foreach ($constraint->constraints as $key => $item) {

            // validator will be skipped, because group is different, violations will be empty, and validation will be passed without check 
            $violations = $validator->inContext($executionContext)->validate($value, $item, $this->context->getGroup())->getViolations();

            if (\count($this->context->getViolations()) === \count($violations)) {
                return;
            }

           ...

        }
    }
}

<?php
require_once __DIR__.'/vendor/autoload.php';

use Symfony\Component\Validator\Constraints as Assert;
use Symfony\Component\Validator\Validation;

$age = 60;
$constraints = [
    new Assert\AtLeastOneOf([
        new Assert\Blank(),
        new Assert\Range(
            min: 18,
            max: 55,
            groups: ['adult']
        ),
    ]),
];

$validator = Validation::createValidator();
$violations = $validator->validate($age, $constraints, groups: ['Default', 'adult']);

echo(sprintf('count: %d, violations: %s',count($violations), $violations));