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BUG: .str.contains() regex lookbehind and lookahead fail for data type string[pyarrow] #60833

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@noahblakesmith

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@noahblakesmith
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Pandas version checks

  • I have checked that this issue has not already been reported.

  • I have confirmed this bug exists on the latest version of pandas.

  • I have confirmed this bug exists on the main branch of pandas.

Reproducible Example

import pandas as pd

df = pd.DataFrame({"c": ["a f", "c d", "e f g", "hij"]})

print(df["c"].astype(str).str.contains("(?<=\s)f(?=\s)"))
print(df["c"].astype("string[python]").str.contains("(?<=\s)f(?=\s)"))
print(df["c"].astype("string[pyarrow]").str.contains("(?<=\s)f(?=\s)"))

Issue Description

.str.contains() regex lookbehind and lookahead fail for data type string[pyarrow].

Expected Behavior

I believe string[pyarrow] should produce the same results as string[python] and str.

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS

commit : 0691c5c
python : 3.10.16
python-bits : 64
OS : Linux
OS-release : 6.8.0-1020-azure
Version : #23-Ubuntu SMP Mon Dec 9 16:58:58 UTC 2024
machine : x86_64
processor : x86_64
byteorder : little
LC_ALL : None
LANG : C.UTF-8
LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8

pandas : 2.2.3
numpy : 2.2.2
pytz : 2024.2
dateutil : 2.9.0.post0
pip : 24.2
Cython : None
sphinx : None
IPython : 8.31.0
adbc-driver-postgresql: None
adbc-driver-sqlite : None
bs4 : 4.12.3
blosc : None
bottleneck : None
dataframe-api-compat : None
fastparquet : None
fsspec : 2024.12.0
html5lib : None
hypothesis : None
gcsfs : None
jinja2 : 3.1.5
lxml.etree : None
matplotlib : 3.10.0
numba : None
numexpr : None
odfpy : None
openpyxl : 3.1.5
pandas_gbq : None
psycopg2 : None
pymysql : None
pyarrow : 19.0.0
pyreadstat : None
pytest : None
python-calamine : None
pyxlsb : None
s3fs : None
scipy : None
sqlalchemy : None
tables : None
tabulate : None
xarray : None
xlrd : 2.0.1
xlsxwriter : None
zstandard : None
tzdata : 2024.2
qtpy : None
pyqt5 : None

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    Arrowpyarrow functionalitypyarrow functionalityBugStringsString extension data type and string dataString extension data type and string data

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