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mertcanaltin
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Added a specific error message for using top-level await in CommonJS modules. The error now suggests using ESM or wrapping await in an async function for clarity.

Fixes: #55776

@nodejs-github-bot nodejs-github-bot added c++ Issues and PRs that require attention from people who are familiar with C++. needs-ci PRs that need a full CI run. vm Issues and PRs related to the vm subsystem. labels Nov 15, 2024
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codecov bot commented Nov 15, 2024

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 82.60870% with 4 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 90.08%. Comparing base (968e2f4) to head (ad40103).
Report is 153 commits behind head on main.

Files with missing lines Patch % Lines
src/module_wrap.cc 69.23% 2 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
Additional details and impacted files
@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main   #55874      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   90.21%   90.08%   -0.13%     
==========================================
  Files         635      640       +5     
  Lines      187580   188384     +804     
  Branches    36853    36937      +84     
==========================================
+ Hits       169231   169712     +481     
- Misses      11108    11396     +288     
- Partials     7241     7276      +35     
Files with missing lines Coverage Δ
lib/internal/modules/esm/module_job.js 97.48% <100.00%> (+0.26%) ⬆️
src/module_wrap.h 0.00% <ø> (ø)
src/module_wrap.cc 72.59% <69.23%> (+0.15%) ⬆️

... and 124 files with indirect coverage changes

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@GeoffreyBooth GeoffreyBooth left a comment

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Thank you for tackling this! I’d love to see this issue addressed.

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@mertcanaltin mertcanaltin added the help wanted Issues that need assistance from volunteers or PRs that need help to proceed. label Nov 27, 2024
@mertcanaltin mertcanaltin force-pushed the dev-55776 branch 3 times, most recently from 76f87e4 to c9531ef Compare November 29, 2024 21:21
@mertcanaltin mertcanaltin added review wanted PRs that need reviews. and removed help wanted Issues that need assistance from volunteers or PRs that need help to proceed. labels Nov 30, 2024
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Thanks for taking another pass at this. I mention this in the particular notes, but in general:

  1. Please don't change lines based on personal preference or readability. We value the ability for git blame to point directly to the commit/PR that added or meaningfully changed a particular line, and that ability is diluted when unrelated PRs rewrite lines of code.

  2. Very few, if any, tests should change as a result of your PR: only tests specifically related to top-level await in CommonJS. Any other tests that fail as a result of your changes mean that there's a bug in the implementation that needs to be addressed. My guess is that the bug is that the new code isn't checking that the error message being thrown is specifically about top-level await. If there aren't currently tests for top-level await in CommonJS and your new error message, one or more should be added.

This is close; another pass and I think you may get it there. Thanks for your effort!

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Thanks for taking another pass at this. I mention this in the particular notes, but in general:

  1. Please don't change lines based on personal preference or readability. We value the ability for git blame to point directly to the commit/PR that added or meaningfully changed a particular line, and that ability is diluted when unrelated PRs rewrite lines of code.
  2. Very few, if any, tests should change as a result of your PR: only tests specifically related to top-level await in CommonJS. Any other tests that fail as a result of your changes mean that there's a bug in the implementation that needs to be addressed. My guess is that the bug is that the new code isn't checking that the error message being thrown is specifically about top-level await. If there aren't currently tests for top-level await in CommonJS and your new error message, one or more should be added.

This is close; another pass and I think you may get it there. Thanks for your effort!

thank you very much for the review, I will be sending a new commit following what you said

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Greetings, when I did as you suggested to cover only the top level error, I saw that all tests passed except 1 test

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Thanks, this is much better. What’s the one test that is failing?

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@GeoffreyBooth GeoffreyBooth added module Issues and PRs related to the module subsystem. esm Issues and PRs related to the ECMAScript Modules implementation. labels Dec 2, 2024
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Thanks, this is much better. What’s the one test that is failing?

I saw wrong, all the tests passed my local. 🙏

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I saw wrong, all the tests passed my local. 🙏

There’s a test failing in here, in the relevant file: https://github.com/nodejs/node/actions/runs/12133213207/job/33828380981?pr=55874

@cjihrig why isn’t the CI output showing me which test is failing within that file?

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cjihrig commented Dec 3, 2024

why isn’t the CI output showing me which test is failing within that file?

No clue. But the output is incomplete. There is no summary at the end either. It looks like maybe the Python runner killed the Node process or otherwise truncated its output.

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cjihrig commented Dec 3, 2024

@GeoffreyBooth just FYI - IIRC, you asked me a similar question in Slack last year. There was output truncated only in GitHub Actions. Then you asked me to find a test run where truncation was happening without the use of node:test, and I did. I believe @MoLow was a part of that thread as well.

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IIRC, you asked me a similar question in Slack last year.

Yes, last August: https://openjs-foundation.slack.com/archives/C019Y2T6STH/p1691860008875109. I’m lucky if I can remember last month, much less last year. Sorry to repeat. I also opened #49120 but that got closed.

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I saw wrong, all the tests passed my local. 🙏

There’s a test failing in here, in the relevant file: https://github.com/nodejs/node/actions/runs/12133213207/job/33828380981?pr=55874

@cjihrig why isn’t the CI output showing me which test is failing within that file?

yes, ı view my local enviorement this test is fail

test at test/es-module/test-esm-detect-ambiguous.mjs:367:5
 does not warn when there are no package.json (63.625667ms)
  AssertionError [ERR_ASSERTION]: Expected values to be strictly equal:
  + actual - expected
  
  + "(node:18411) [MODULE_TYPELESS_PACKAGE_JSON] Warning: Module type of file:///Users/mert/Desktop/openSource/node/test/fixtures/es-modules/loose.js is not specified and it doesn't parse as CommonJS.\n" +
  +   'Reparsing as ES module because module syntax was detected. This incurs a performance overhead.\n' +
  +   'To eliminate this warning, add "type": "module" to /Users/mert/package.json.\n' +
  +   '(Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)\n'
  - ''
  
      at TestContext.<anonymous> (file:///Users/mert/Desktop/openSource/node/test/es-module/test-esm-detect-ambiguous.mjs:372:7)
      at process.processTicksAndRejections (node:internal/process/task_queues:105:5)
      at async Test.run (node:internal/test_runner/test:932:9)
      at async Promise.all (index 3)
      at async Suite.run (node:internal/test_runner/test:1310:7)
      at async Promise.all (index 6)
      at async Suite.run (node:internal/test_runner/test:1310:7)
      at async startSubtestAfterBootstrap (node:internal/test_runner/harness:297:3) {
    generatedMessage: true,
    code: 'ERR_ASSERTION',
    actual: '(node:18411) [MODULE_TYPELESS_PACKAGE_JSON] Warning: Module type of file:///Users/mert/Desktop/openSource/node/test/fixtures/es-modules/loose.js is not specified and it doesn\'t parse as CommonJS.\nReparsing as ES module because module syntax was detected. This incurs a performance overhead.\nTo eliminate this warning, add "type": "module" to /Users/mert/package.json.\n(Use `node --trace-warnings ...` to show where the warning was created)\n',
    expected: '',
    operator: 'strictEqual'
  }

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greetings I tried to make the error message more descriptive, in addition I tried to throw it when there is a file that cannot be successfully parsed as ESM

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hello, I would be very grateful if you could look here when you are available, thank you very much @GeoffreyBooth

isCommonJSGlobalLikeNotDefinedError(e.message)) {

if (hasTopLevelAwait) {
e.message = `ERR_AMBIGUOUS_MODULE_SYNTAX: This file cannot be parsed as either CommonJS or ES Module. CommonJS error: await is only valid in async functions. ES Module error: require is not defined in ES module scope. If you meant to use CommonJS, wrap top-level await in async function. If you meant to use ESM, do not use require().`;
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Okay, I'm a little confused here -- the code mostly looks good, but maybe we can spell out which condition exactly is supposed to trigger this error, and be specific about the error message? Like, it's odd to describe multiple different errors here, although I kind of see where you're coming from

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Hi @addaleax,

You're absolutely right - the message is trying to do too much.

The specific condition is: file has both require() and top-level await, creating an ambiguous parsing situation.

How about we simplify the error message to focus on the immediate issue:

ERR_AMBIGUOUS_MODULE_SYNTAX: Cannot use 'require()' and top-level 'await' in the same file.
Choose either CommonJS (remove await, use async functions) or ES Module (remove require, use import).

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Technically it can be parsed as ESM, just not successfully evaluated as ESM because require is undefined. It can't be successfully parsed as CommonJS because of the top-level await. So I'm not sure if "ambiguous" is the right word; it's more that it's so unclear what the user intended that we can't reasonably make a guess.

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Technically it can be parsed as ESM, just not successfully evaluated as ESM because require is undefined. It can't be successfully parsed as CommonJS because of the top-level await. So I'm not sure if "ambiguous" is the right word; it's more that it's so unclear what the user intended that we can't reasonably make a guess.

Yes, I agree with what you said, I think a message like this would be more appropriate.

Cannot determine intended module format. File contains both 'require()' and top-level 'await'. For CommonJS: wrap await in async function. For ES Module: replace require() with import.

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I assume when you write For CommonJS: what you mean is, If you intended this file to be CommonJS, and likewise for For ES Module:. So maybe:

Cannot determine intended module format because both require() and top-level await are present. If the code is intended to be CommonJS, wrap await in an async function. If the code is intended to be an ES module, replace require() with import.

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Thanks I updated

@mertcanaltin mertcanaltin requested a review from addaleax June 24, 2025 18:06
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@nodejs-github-bot nodejs-github-bot merged commit 6ce6fdb into nodejs:main Jun 24, 2025
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Landed in 6ce6fdb

targos pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Jul 3, 2025
PR-URL: #55874
Fixes: #55776
Reviewed-By: Yagiz Nizipli <yagiz@nizipli.com>
aduh95 pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Jul 21, 2025
PR-URL: #55874
Fixes: #55776
Reviewed-By: Yagiz Nizipli <yagiz@nizipli.com>
aduh95 pushed a commit that referenced this pull request Jul 24, 2025
PR-URL: #55874
Fixes: #55776
Reviewed-By: Yagiz Nizipli <yagiz@nizipli.com>
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detect-module: confusing error when parsing a CommonJS module with top-level await

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