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‎lib/internal/test_runner/harness.js‎
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@@ -770,6 +770,9 @@ run({ files: [path.resolve('./tests/test.js')] })
 <!-- YAML
 added: v18.0.0
 changes:
+  - version: REPLACEME
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/47909
+    description: Added the `skip`, `todo`, and `only` shorthands.
   - version: v18.8.0
     pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/43554
     description: Add a `signal` option.
@@ -841,6 +844,21 @@ The `timeout` option can be used to fail the test if it takes longer than
 canceling tests because a running test might block the application thread and
 thus prevent the scheduled cancellation.
 
+## `test.skip([name][, options][, fn])`
+
+Shorthand for skipping a test,
+same as [`test([name], { skip: true }[, fn])`][it options].
+
+## `test.todo([name][, options][, fn])`
+
+Shorthand for marking a test as `TODO`,
+same as [`test([name], { todo: true }[, fn])`][it options].
+
+## `test.only([name][, options][, fn])`
+
+Shorthand for marking a test as `only`,
+same as [`test([name], { only: true }[, fn])`][it options].
+
 ## `describe([name][, options][, fn])`
 
 * `name` {string} The name of the suite, which is displayed when reporting test
 
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ async function startSubtest(subtest) {
   await subtest.start();
 }
 
-function runInParentContext(Factory, addShorthands = true) {
+function runInParentContext(Factory) {
   function run(name, options, fn, overrides) {
     const parent = testResources.get(executionAsyncId()) || getGlobalRoot();
     const subtest = parent.createSubtest(Factory, name, options, fn, overrides);
@@ -212,10 +212,6 @@ function runInParentContext(Factory, addShorthands = true) {
   }
 
   const test = (name, options, fn) => run(name, options, fn);
-  if (!addShorthands) {
-    return test;
-  }
-
   ArrayPrototypeForEach(['skip', 'todo', 'only'], (keyword) => {
     test[keyword] = (name, options, fn) => {
       run(name, options, fn, { [keyword]: true });
@@ -233,7 +229,7 @@ function hook(hook) {
 
 module.exports = {
   createTestTree,
-  test: runInParentContext(Test, false),
+  test: runInParentContext(Test),
   describe: runInParentContext(Suite),
   it: runInParentContext(Test),
   before: hook('before'),
 
@@ -71,6 +71,24 @@ describe.only('describe only = true, with a mixture of subtests', () => {
   it.todo('`it` subtest 4 todo', { only: false }, () => {
     throw new Error('This should not run');
   });
+
+  test.only('`test` subtest 1', () => {});
+
+  test.only('`test` async subtest 1', async () => {});
+
+  test('`test` subtest 2 only=true', { only: true });
+
+  test('`test` subtest 2 only=false', { only: false }, () => {
+    throw new Error('This should not run');
+  });
+
+  test.skip('`test` subtest 3 skip', () => {
+    throw new Error('This should not run');
+  });
+
+  test.todo('`test` subtest 4 todo', { only: false }, () => {
+    throw new Error('This should not run');
+  });
 });
 
 describe.only('describe only = true, with subtests', () => {
 
@@ -164,7 +164,37 @@ ok 12 - describe only = true, with subtests
       ---
       duration_ms: *
       ...
-    1..6
+    # Subtest: `test` subtest 1
+    ok 7 - `test` subtest 1
+      ---
+      duration_ms: *
+      ...
+    # Subtest: `test` async subtest 1
+    ok 8 - `test` async subtest 1
+      ---
+      duration_ms: *
+      ...
+    # Subtest: `test` subtest 2 only=true
+    ok 9 - `test` subtest 2 only=true
+      ---
+      duration_ms: *
+      ...
+    # Subtest: `test` subtest 2 only=false
+    ok 10 - `test` subtest 2 only=false # SKIP 'only' option not set
+      ---
+      duration_ms: *
+      ...
+    # Subtest: `test` subtest 3 skip
+    ok 11 - `test` subtest 3 skip # SKIP
+      ---
+      duration_ms: *
+      ...
+    # Subtest: `test` subtest 4 todo
+    ok 12 - `test` subtest 4 todo # SKIP 'only' option not set
+      ---
+      duration_ms: *
+      ...
+    1..12
 ok 13 - describe only = true, with a mixture of subtests
   ---
   duration_ms: *
@@ -193,11 +223,11 @@ ok 14 - describe only = true, with subtests
   type: 'suite'
   ...
 1..14
-# tests 34
+# tests 40
 # suites 3
-# pass 14
+# pass 17
 # fail 0
 # cancelled 0
-# skipped 20
+# skipped 23
 # todo 0
 # duration_ms *