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/**
* IString.java - international string
*
* Copyright 2013, JEDLSoft, All Rights Reserved.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
* http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
*
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*
* Created on Jan 4, 2013 by edwin
*/
package com.ilib;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.regex.Matcher;
import java.util.regex.Pattern;
import org.json.JSONException;
import org.json.JSONObject;
/**
* IString
*
* Represents an international string. This type of string allows for a
* formatting syntax very similar to the javascript ilib syntax, so that
* strings can be shared between code in java or javascript.
*
* @author edwin
*/
public class IString
{
public final static String EMPTY_ITEM = "";
protected final static String OPENED_BRACE = "\\{";
protected final static String CLOSED_BRACE = "}";
protected final static String NUMBER_SIGN = "#";
protected String text;
protected ArrayList<String> selectors = null;
protected ArrayList<String> strings = null;
protected String defaultChoice = null;
protected ArrayList<Pattern> patterns = null;
protected IlibLocale locale = null;
protected Map<String, String> plurals = null;
/**
* Construct a new IString instance with the given text.
*
* @param text the text to wrap
*/
public IString(String text)
{
this.text = text;
this.locale = new IlibLocale("en-US");
}
/**
* Construct a new IString instance with the given text and IlibLocale instance.
*
* @param text the text to wrap
* @param locale current locale
*/
public IString(String text, String locale)
{
this(text, new IlibLocale(locale));
}
/**
* Construct a new IString instance with the given text and IlibLocale instance.
*
* @param text the text to wrap
* @param locale current locale
*/
public IString(String text, IlibLocale locale)
{
this.text = text;
this.locale = locale;
}
/**
* Format a string with the given named values.
*
* The string can contain any text that a regular Java string can
* contain. Replacement parameters have the syntax:
*
* <pre>
* {name}
* </pre>
*
* Where "name" can be any string surrounded by curly brackets. The value of
* "name" is taken from the values argument.<p>
*
* Example:
*
* <pre>
* int numObjects = 12;
* IString str = new IString("There are {num} objects.");
* HashMap<String,String> values = new HashMap<String,String>();
* values.put("num", Integer.toString(numObjects));
* System.out.println(str.format(values));
* </pre>
*
* Would give the output:
*
* <pre>
* There are 12 objects.
* </pre>
*
* If a property is missing from the value map, the replacement
* parameter substring is left untouched in the string, and a different
* set of parameters may be applied a second time. This way, different
* parts of the code may format different parts of the message that they
* happen to know about.<p>
*
* Example:
*
* <pre>
* int numObjects = 12;
* IString str = new IString("There are {num} objects in the {container}.");
* HashMap<String,String> values = new HashMap<String,String>();
* values.put("num", Integer.toString(numObjects));
* System.out.println(str.format(values));
* </pre>
*
* Would give the output:<p>
*
* <pre>
* There are 12 objects in the {container}.
* </pre>
*
* The result can then be formatted again with a different value map that
* specifies a value for the "container" property.
*
* @param values a set of named values
* @return the string with as many replacement parameters
* replaced with named values as possible
*/
public String format(Map<String,String> values)
{
String formatted = text;
if ( values != null ) {
for ( String p: values.keySet() ) {
formatted = formatted.replaceAll(OPENED_BRACE + p + CLOSED_BRACE,
java.util.regex.Matcher.quoteReplacement(values.get(p)));
}
}
return formatted.toString();
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link IString#format(Map)} except the replacement
* values come from a JSON object instead of a map.
*
* @param values a set of named values in a JSON object
* @return the string with as many replacement parameters
* replaced with named values as possible
*/
public String format(JSONObject values)
{
String formatted = text;
if ( values != null ) {
Iterator<String> it = values.keys();
String p;
while ( it.hasNext() ) {
p = it.next();
try {
formatted = formatted.replaceAll(OPENED_BRACE + p + CLOSED_BRACE,
java.util.regex.Matcher.quoteReplacement(values.getString(p)));
} catch ( JSONException e ) {
// ignore
}
}
}
return formatted.toString();
}
protected void parseChoices()
throws ParseException
{
String[] choices = text.split("\\|");
int i;
String[] parts;
String str;
strings = new ArrayList<String>();
selectors = new ArrayList<String>();
defaultChoice = EMPTY_ITEM;
for ( i = 0; i < choices.length; i++ ) {
parts = choices[i].split(NUMBER_SIGN);
if ( parts.length > 2 ) {
str = choices[i].substring(choices[i].indexOf('#')+1);
} else if ( parts.length == 2 ) {
str = parts[1];
} else {
throw new ParseException("syntax error in choice format pattern: " + choices[i], i); // syntax error
}
selectors.add(parts[0]);
strings.add(str);
if ( parts[0].length() == 0 ) {
defaultChoice = str;
}
}
}
protected int getBooleanSelector(String selector)
{
if ( selector.equalsIgnoreCase("true") ||
selector.equalsIgnoreCase("yes") ||
selector.equalsIgnoreCase("on") ||
selector.equalsIgnoreCase("1") ) {
return 1;
} else if ( selector.equalsIgnoreCase("false") ||
selector.equalsIgnoreCase("no") ||
selector.equalsIgnoreCase("off") ||
selector.equalsIgnoreCase("0") ) {
return 0;
}
return -1;
}
protected IString getChoice(boolean reference)
throws ParseException
{
if ( text == null || text.length() == 0 ) {
return null;
}
int i;
IString result = null;
String selector;
if ( strings == null ) {
parseChoices();
}
for ( i = 0; i < selectors.size(); i++ ) {
selector = selectors.get(i);
int value = getBooleanSelector(selector);
if ( value == 1 ) {
if ( reference ) {
return new IString(strings.get(i));
}
} else if ( value == 0 ) {
if ( !reference ) {
return new IString(strings.get(i));
}
}
}
if ( result == null ) {
result = new IString(defaultChoice);
}
return result;
}
protected IString getChoice(String reference)
throws ParseException
{
if ( text == null || text.length() == 0 ) {
return null;
}
int i;
IString result = null;
String selector;
Pattern p;
Matcher m;
if ( strings == null ) {
parseChoices();
}
if ( patterns == null ) {
patterns = new ArrayList<Pattern>();
for (i = 0; i < selectors.size(); i++) {
selector = selectors.get(i);
patterns.add((selector != null && selector.length() > 0) ? Pattern.compile(selector, Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE | Pattern.UNICODE_CASE) : null);
}
}
for ( i = 0; i < patterns.size(); i++ ) {
p = patterns.get(i);
if ( p != null ) {
m = p.matcher(reference);
if ( m.matches() ) {
return new IString(strings.get(i));
}
}
}
if ( result == null ) {
result = new IString(defaultChoice);
}
return result;
}
protected IString getChoice(double reference)
throws ParseException
{
if ( text == null || text.length() == 0 ) {
return null;
}
int i;
IString result = null;
double selector;
String sel;
if ( strings == null ) {
parseChoices();
}
if ( plurals == null ) {
ClassLoader cl = this.getClass().getClassLoader();
InputStream is = cl.getResourceAsStream("locale/" + (locale.getSpec().isEmpty() ? EMPTY_ITEM : locale.getLanguage() + File.separator) + PluralFormHelper.pluralsJSON);
//File pluralJSON = new File(PluralFormHelper.root,
// (locale.getSpec().isEmpty() ? EMPTY_ITEM : locale.getLanguage() + File.separator) + PluralFormHelper.pluralsJSON);
plurals = PluralFormHelper.getPluralForms(is);
if (plurals == null) plurals = new HashMap<>(0);
}
for (i = 0; i < selectors.size(); i++) {
sel = selectors.get(i);
if ( sel.length() > 2 && sel.substring(0,2).equals("<=") ) {
selector = Double.parseDouble(sel.substring(2));
if (reference <= selector) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
} else if ( sel.length() > 2 && sel.substring(0,2).equals(">=") ) {
selector = Double.parseDouble(sel.substring(2));
if (reference >= selector) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
} else if ( sel.length() > 1 && sel.charAt(0) == '<' ) {
selector = Double.parseDouble(sel.substring(1));
if (reference < selector) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
} else if ( sel.length() > 1 && sel.charAt(0) == '>' ) {
selector = Double.parseDouble(sel.substring(1));
if (reference > selector) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
} else if ( sel.length() > 0 ) {
if ( PluralFormHelper.getPluralKey((int)reference, plurals).equals(sel) ) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i), locale);
i = selectors.size();
} else {
int value, dash = sel.indexOf("-");
if ( dash != -1 ) {
// range
String start = sel.substring(0, dash);
String end = sel.substring(dash+1);
if (reference >= Long.parseLong(start, 10) && reference <= Long.parseLong(end, 10)) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
} else if ( (value = getBooleanSelector(sel)) > -1 ) {
if ( value == reference ) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
} else if (isNumeric(sel)) {
if ( reference == Long.parseLong(sel, 10) ) {
result = new IString(strings.get(i));
i = selectors.size();
}
}
}
}
}
if ( result == null ) {
result = new IString(defaultChoice);
}
return result;
}
public static boolean isNumeric(String str)
{
return str.matches("-?\\d+(\\.\\d+)?"); //match a number with optional '-' and decimal.
}
/**
* Format a string as one of a choice of strings dependent on the value of
* a particular reference argument.<p>
*
* The syntax of the choice string is as follows. The string contains a
* series of choices separated by a vertical bar character "|". Each choice
* has a selector, which is a value or range of values to match and an optional
* operator, followed by a hash character "#", followed by the string to use if
* the reference argument matches the criteria.<p>
*
* Example string:
*
* <pre>
* int num = 2;
* IString str = new IString("0#There are no objects.|1#There is one object.|2#There are {number} objects.");
* HashMap<String,String> values = new HashMap<String,String>();
* values.put("number", Integer.toString(num));
* System.out.println(str.formatChoice(num, values));
* </pre>
*
* Gives the output:
*
* <pre>
* "There are 2 objects."
* </pre>
*
* The strings to format may contain replacement variables that will be formatted
* using the {@link IString#format(Map)} method and the values argument as a source of values
* to use while formatting those variables.<p>
*
* If the selector for a particular choice is empty, that choice will be used
* as the default one for use when none of the other choice's criteria match.<p>
*
* Example string:
*
* <pre>
* int num = 22;
* IString str = new IString("0#There are no objects.|1#There is one object.|#There are {number} objects.");
* HashMap<String,String> values = new HashMap<String,String>();
* values.put("number", Integer.toString(num));
* System.out.println(str.formatChoice(num, values));
* </pre>
*
* Gives the output:
*
* <pre>
* "There are 22 objects."
* </pre>
*
* If multiple selectors can match a given reference argument, the first one
* encountered in the string will be used. If no selectors match the
* reference argument, then the default choice will be used. If there is no default
* choice defined, then this method will return an empty string.<p>
*
* <b>Special Syntax</b><p>
*
* For any choice format string, all of the selectors in the string should be of
* the same type. The available types are: numeric, boolean, or string/regexp. The type
* of the selectors is determined by the type of the reference argument.<p>
*
* If the reference argument is numeric, then some special operator syntax can be used
* in the selectors to match numeric ranges.<p>
*
* <ul>
* <li><i>>x</i> - match any number that is greater than x
* <li><i>>=x</i> - match any number that is greater than or equal to x
* <li><i><x</i> - match any number that is less than x
* <li><i><=x</i> - match any number that is less than or equal to x
* <li><i>start-end</i> - match any number in the range [start,end)
* </ul>
*
* If the type of the reference argument is boolean, the strings "true", "on", "yes", "1", or
* "false", "off", "no", or "0" (without the quotes) may appear as the selectors.<p>
*
* If the type of the reference argument is string, then the selectors may contain
* regular expressions, or just regular strings as if they were degenerate regexps.
*
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @param values The map of parameter values that replace the replacement
* variables in the string
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(double reference, Map<String,String> values)
throws ParseException
{
IString result = getChoice(reference);
if ( result == null ) {
return EMPTY_ITEM;
}
return values != null ? result.format(values) : result.toString();
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link IString#formatChoice(double, Map)} except that the
* named replacement values come from a JSON object instead of a map.
*
* @see com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @param values The JSON object containing parameter values that replace the
* replacement variables in the string
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(double reference, JSONObject values)
throws ParseException
{
IString result = getChoice(reference);
if ( result == null ) {
return EMPTY_ITEM;
}
return values != null ? result.format(values) : result.toString();
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link IString#formatChoice(double, Map)} but with null map.
*
* @see com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(double reference) throws ParseException {
return formatChoice(reference, (Map<String, String>)null);
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)}
* except that the type of the reference argument is boolean. In this case, the
* strings "true", "on", "yes", "1", or "false", "off", "no", or "0" (without the
* quotes) may appear as the selectors. If a choice string with boolean selectors is
* formatted with a numeric argument index instead, then the value of "false" is
* taken to be 0, and the value of true is taken to be 1.
*
* @see com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @param values The map of parameter values that replace the replacement
* variables in the string
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(boolean reference, Map<String,String> values)
throws ParseException
{
IString result = getChoice(reference);
if ( result == null ) {
return EMPTY_ITEM;
}
return values != null ? result.format(values) : result.toString();
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link IString#formatChoice(boolean, Map)} except that the
* named replacement values come from a JSON object instead of a map.
*
* @see com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @param values The JSON object containing parameter values that replace the
* replacement variables in the string
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(boolean reference, JSONObject values)
throws ParseException
{
IString result = getChoice(reference);
if ( result == null ) {
return EMPTY_ITEM;
}
return values != null ? result.format(values) : result.toString();
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)}
* except that the type of the reference argument is a string which is matched
* against the regular expressions selectors in the choice string.
* A choice is selected if the regular expression
* matches the reference argument. The first choice that has its regexp match
* the reference argument is the one that is selected. Remember to escape
* any "#" or "|" characters in the regular expression so that they do not
* conflict with the syntax of the choice format string.
*
* @see com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @param values The map of parameter values that replace the replacement
* variables in the string
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(String reference, Map<String,String> values)
throws ParseException
{
IString result = getChoice(reference);
if ( result == null ) {
return EMPTY_ITEM;
}
return values != null ? result.format(values) : result.toString();
}
/**
* This is the same as {@link IString#formatChoice(String, Map)} except that the
* named replacement values come from a JSON object instead of a map.
*
* @see com.ilib.IString#formatChoice(double, Map)
* @param reference The reference value used to select the choice to use in the choice array
* @param values The JSON object containing parameter values that replace the
* replacement variables in the string
* @return the formatted string
*/
public String formatChoice(String reference, JSONObject values)
throws ParseException
{
IString result = getChoice(reference);
if ( result == null ) {
return EMPTY_ITEM;
}
return values != null ? result.format(values) : result.toString();
}
/**
* Return the length of the given string in characters.
* @return the length of the given string in characters
*/
public int length()
{
return text.length();
}
/**
* Return locale associated with current IString instance.
* @return current locale
*/
public IlibLocale getLocale()
{
return locale;
}
/**
* Return locale of current IString instance.
* @param locale locale to be used for plurals translation
*/
public void setLocale(IlibLocale locale)
{
this.locale = locale;
}
/* (non-Javadoc)
* @see java.lang.Object#toString()
*/
public String toString()
{
return text;
}
// convenience methods
/**
* Static convenience method to format choices without an IString instance.
*
* @param message string to format
* @param reference reference value
* @param parameters parameters to format into the string
* @return a formatted string
* @throws ParseException if the syntax of the choice format is wrong
*/
public static String formatChoice(String message, long reference, HashMap<String,String> parameters)
throws ParseException
{
return (new IString(message)).formatChoice((double)reference, parameters);
}
/**
* Static convenience method to format choices without an IString instance.
*
* @param message string to format
* @param reference reference value
* @param parameters parameters to format into the string
* @return a formatted string
* @throws ParseException if the syntax of the choice format is wrong
*/
public static String formatChoice(String message, double reference, HashMap<String,String> parameters)
throws ParseException
{
return (new IString(message)).formatChoice(reference, parameters);
}
/**
* Static convenience method to format choices without an IString instance.
*
* @param message string to format
* @param reference reference value
* @return a formatted string
* @throws ParseException if the syntax of the choice format is wrong
*/
public static String formatChoice(String message, long reference)
throws ParseException
{
return IString.formatChoice(message, reference, null);
}
/**
* Static convenience method to format without an IString instance.
*
* @param message string to format
* @param parameters parameters to format into the string
* @return a formatted string
*/
public static String format(String message, HashMap<String,String> parameters)
{
return (new IString(message)).format(parameters);
}
/**
* Static convenience method to format choices without an IString instance.
*
* @param message string to format
* @param reference reference value
* @return a formatted string
* @throws ParseException if the syntax of the choice format is wrong
*/
public static String formatChoice(String message, double reference)
throws ParseException
{
return IString.formatChoice(message, reference, null);
}
}