From 1780a431a55c1673390e89c7f50591bc9384fc0b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2015 21:24:04 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 01/44] add py3 source for basic

---
 py3/basic/do_for.py     | 11 +++++++++++
 py3/basic/do_if.py      | 15 +++++++++++++++
 py3/basic/do_input.py   |  5 +++++
 py3/basic/do_print.py   |  7 +++++++
 py3/basic/do_while.py   | 10 ++++++++++
 py3/basic/hello.py      |  4 ++++
 py3/basic/the_dict.py   | 12 ++++++++++++
 py3/basic/the_list.py   | 12 ++++++++++++
 py3/basic/the_set.py    |  8 ++++++++
 py3/basic/the_string.py |  8 ++++++++
 py3/basic/the_tuple.py  | 13 +++++++++++++
 11 files changed, 105 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/do_for.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/do_if.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/do_input.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/do_print.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/do_while.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/hello.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/the_dict.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/the_list.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/the_set.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/the_string.py
 create mode 100755 py3/basic/the_tuple.py

diff --git a/py3/basic/do_for.py b/py3/basic/do_for.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8db278f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/do_for.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# 打印list:
+names = ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy']
+for name in names:
+    print(name)
+
+# 打印数字 0 - 9
+for x in range(10):
+    print(x)
diff --git a/py3/basic/do_if.py b/py3/basic/do_if.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c0c16d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/do_if.py
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# 注意:
+# input()返回的是字符串
+# 必须通过int()将字符串转换为整数
+# 才能用于数值比较:
+age = int(input('Input your age: '))
+
+if age >= 18:
+    print('adult')
+elif age >= 6:
+    print('teenager')
+else:
+    print('kid')
diff --git a/py3/basic/do_input.py b/py3/basic/do_input.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..783523a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/do_input.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+name = input()
+print('Hello,', name)
diff --git a/py3/basic/do_print.py b/py3/basic/do_print.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1330003
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/do_print.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+print('The quick brown fox', 'jumps over', 'the lazy dog')
+print(300)
+print(100 + 200)
+print('100 + 200 =', 100 + 200)
diff --git a/py3/basic/do_while.py b/py3/basic/do_while.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9eca97d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/do_while.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# 计算1+2+3+...+100:
+sum = 0
+n = 1
+while n <= 100:
+    sum = sum + n
+    n = n + 1
+print(sum)
diff --git a/py3/basic/hello.py b/py3/basic/hello.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0c86710
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/hello.py
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+print('Hello, world')
diff --git a/py3/basic/the_dict.py b/py3/basic/the_dict.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..edd90ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/the_dict.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+d = {
+    'Michael': 95,
+    'Bob': 75,
+    'Tracy': 85
+}
+print('d[\'Michael\'] =', d['Michael'])
+print('d[\'Bob\'] =', d['Bob'])
+print('d[\'Tracy\'] =', d['Tracy'])
+print('d.get(\'Thomas\', -1) =', d.get('Thomas', -1))
diff --git a/py3/basic/the_list.py b/py3/basic/the_list.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8dac133
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/the_list.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+classmates = ['Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy']
+print('classmates =', classmates)
+print('len(classmates) =', len(classmates))
+print('classmates[0] =', classmates[0])
+print('classmates[1] =', classmates[1])
+print('classmates[2] =', classmates[2])
+print('classmates[-1] =', classmates[-1])
+classmates.pop()
+print('classmates =', classmates)
diff --git a/py3/basic/the_set.py b/py3/basic/the_set.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..67162e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/the_set.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+s1 = set([1, 1, 2, 2, 3, 3])
+print(s1)
+s2 = set([2, 3, 4])
+print(s1 & s2)
+print(s1 | s2)
diff --git a/py3/basic/the_string.py b/py3/basic/the_string.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..41c41fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/the_string.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+s = 'Python-中文'
+print(s)
+b = s.encode('utf-8')
+print(b)
+print(b.decode('utf-8'))
diff --git a/py3/basic/the_tuple.py b/py3/basic/the_tuple.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..382c3aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/basic/the_tuple.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+classmates = ('Michael', 'Bob', 'Tracy')
+print('classmates =', classmates)
+print('len(classmates) =', len(classmates))
+print('classmates[0] =', classmates[0])
+print('classmates[1] =', classmates[1])
+print('classmates[2] =', classmates[2])
+print('classmates[-1] =', classmates[-1])
+
+# cannot modify tuple:
+classmates[0] = 'Adam'

From 1aac93f32cddc4f6f575b6fd48cf8ea91c1bab63 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2015 22:21:36 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 02/44] add function examples

---
 py3/function/call_func.py |  9 +++++++++
 py3/function/def_func.py  | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/function/params.py    |  9 +++++++++
 py3/function/recur.py     | 24 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 68 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/function/call_func.py
 create mode 100755 py3/function/def_func.py
 create mode 100755 py3/function/params.py
 create mode 100755 py3/function/recur.py

diff --git a/py3/function/call_func.py b/py3/function/call_func.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d864134
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/function/call_func.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+x = abs(100)
+y = abs(-20)
+print(x, y)
+print('max(1, 2, 3) =', max(1, 2, 3))
+print('min(1, 2, 3) =', min(1, 2, 3))
+print('sum([1, 2, 3]) =', sum([1, 2, 3]))
diff --git a/py3/function/def_func.py b/py3/function/def_func.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d7c09a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/function/def_func.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import math
+
+def my_abs(x):
+    if not isinstance(x, (int, float)):
+        raise TypeError('bad operand type')
+    if x >= 0:
+        return x
+    else:
+        return -x
+
+def move(x, y, step, angle=0):
+    nx = x + step * math.cos(angle)
+    ny = y - step * math.sin(angle)
+    return nx, ny
+
+n = my_abs(-20)
+print(n)
+
+x, y = move(100, 100, 60, math.pi / 6)
+print(x, y)
+
+# TypeError: bad operand type:
+my_abs('123')
diff --git a/py3/function/params.py b/py3/function/params.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..12410a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/function/params.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def power(x, n=2):
+    return x ** n
+
+print('power(5) =', power(5))
+print('power(5, 2) =', power(5, 2))
+print('power(5, 4) =', power(5, 4))
diff --git a/py3/function/recur.py b/py3/function/recur.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..18ec40a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/function/recur.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# 利用递归函数计算阶乘
+# N! = 1 * 2 * 3 * ... * N
+def fact(n):
+    if n == 1:
+        return 1
+    return n * fact(n-1)
+
+print('fact(1) =', fact(1))
+print('fact(5) =', fact(5))
+print('fact(10) =', fact(10))
+
+# 利用递归函数移动汉诺塔:
+def move(n, a, b, c):
+    if n == 1:
+        print('move', a, '-->', c)
+        return
+    move(n-1, a, c, b)
+    print('move', a, '-->', c)
+    move(n-1, b, a, c)
+
+move(4, 'A', 'B', 'C')

From 55adb464d5a14fb9e1395bbc5938a5ec049febde Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 30 Mar 2015 22:33:13 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 03/44] add slice and map

---
 py3/advance/do_slice.py  | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 py3/functional/do_map.py |  7 +++++++
 2 files changed, 23 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/advance/do_slice.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/do_map.py

diff --git a/py3/advance/do_slice.py b/py3/advance/do_slice.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..fd8d7c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/advance/do_slice.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+L = ['Michael', 'Sarah', 'Tracy', 'Bob', 'Jack']
+
+print('L[0:3] =', L[0:3])
+print('L[:3] =', L[:3])
+print('L[1:3] =', L[1:3])
+print('L[-2:] =', L[-2:])
+
+R = list(range(100))
+print('R[:10] =', R[:10])
+print('R[-10:] =', R[-10:])
+print('R[10:20] =', R[10:20])
+print('R[:10:2] =', R[:10:2])
+print('R[::5] =', R[::5])
diff --git a/py3/functional/do_map.py b/py3/functional/do_map.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9360a50
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/do_map.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def f(x):
+    return x * x
+
+print(list(map(f, [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9])))

From 22d92c0de39d5c9b42710cf62bf523254924fa57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2015 13:04:25 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 04/44] add new samples

---
 .gitignore                    |  3 +++
 py3/commonlib/do_base64.py    | 14 +++++++++++
 py3/coroutine/async_hello.py  | 14 +++++++++++
 py3/db/do_sqlite.py           | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/debug/do_try.py           | 12 +++++++++
 py3/functional/decorator.py   | 33 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/functional/do_filter.py   | 14 +++++++++++
 py3/functional/do_partial.py  |  9 +++++++
 py3/functional/do_reduce.py   | 25 +++++++++++++++++++
 py3/functional/do_sorted.py   | 23 ++++++++++++++++++
 py3/functional/return_func.py | 46 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/io/file.py                | 18 ++++++++++++++
 12 files changed, 245 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/do_base64.py
 create mode 100755 py3/coroutine/async_hello.py
 create mode 100755 py3/db/do_sqlite.py
 create mode 100755 py3/debug/do_try.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/decorator.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/do_filter.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/do_partial.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/do_reduce.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/do_sorted.py
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/return_func.py
 create mode 100755 py3/io/file.py

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index ded6067..43df6b5 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 *.py[cod]
 
+test.db
+test.txt
+
 # C extensions
 *.so
 
diff --git a/py3/commonlib/do_base64.py b/py3/commonlib/do_base64.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b3e4df2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/do_base64.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import base64
+
+s = base64.b64encode('在Python中使用BASE 64编码'.encode('utf-8'))
+print(s)
+d = base64.b64decode(s).decode('utf-8')
+print(d)
+
+s = base64.urlsafe_b64encode('在Python中使用BASE 64编码'.encode('utf-8'))
+print(s)
+d = base64.urlsafe_b64decode(s).decode('utf-8')
+print(d)
diff --git a/py3/coroutine/async_hello.py b/py3/coroutine/async_hello.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f323c48
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/coroutine/async_hello.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import asyncio
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def hello():
+    print("Hello world!")
+    yield from asyncio.sleep(1)
+    print("Hello again!")
+
+loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+loop.run_until_complete(hello())
+loop.close()
diff --git a/py3/db/do_sqlite.py b/py3/db/do_sqlite.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..dd36b7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/db/do_sqlite.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import sqlite3
+
+# 连接到SQLite数据库
+# 数据库文件是test.db
+# 如果文件不存在，会自动在当前目录创建:
+conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
+# 创建一个Cursor:
+cursor = conn.cursor()
+# 执行一条SQL语句，创建user表:
+cursor.execute('create table user (id varchar(20) primary key, name varchar(20))')
+# 继续执行一条SQL语句，插入一条记录:
+cursor.execute('insert into user (id, name) values (\'1\', \'Michael\')')
+# 通过rowcount获得插入的行数:
+print('rowcount =', cursor.rowcount)
+# 关闭Cursor:
+cursor.close()
+# 提交事务:
+conn.commit()
+# 关闭Connection:
+conn.close()
+
+# 查询记录：
+conn = sqlite3.connect('test.db')
+cursor = conn.cursor()
+# 执行查询语句:
+cursor.execute('select * from user where id=?', '1')
+# 获得查询结果集:
+values = cursor.fetchall()
+print(values)
+cursor.close()
+conn.close()
diff --git a/py3/debug/do_try.py b/py3/debug/do_try.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9133856
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/debug/do_try.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+try:
+    print('try...')
+    r = 10 / 0
+    print('result:', r)
+except ZeroDivisionError as e:
+    print('except:', e)
+finally:
+    print('finally...')
+print('END')
diff --git a/py3/functional/decorator.py b/py3/functional/decorator.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..938bedf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/decorator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import functools
+
+def log(func):
+    @functools.wraps(func)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kw):
+        print('call %s():' % func.__name__)
+        return func(*args, **kw)
+    return wrapper
+
+@log
+def now():
+    print('2015-3-25')
+
+now()
+
+def logger(text):
+    def decorator(func):
+        @functools.wraps(func)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kw):
+            print('%s %s():' % (text, func.__name__))
+            return func(*args, **kw)
+        return wrapper
+    return decorator
+
+@logger('DEBUG')
+def today():
+    print('2015-3-25')
+
+today()
+print(today.__name__)
diff --git a/py3/functional/do_filter.py b/py3/functional/do_filter.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8a9081c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/do_filter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def is_odd(n):
+    return n % 2 == 1
+
+L = range(100)
+
+print(list(filter(is_odd, L)))
+
+def not_empty(s):
+    return s and s.strip()
+
+print(list(filter(not_empty, ['A', '', 'B', None, 'C', '  '])))
diff --git a/py3/functional/do_partial.py b/py3/functional/do_partial.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..05da7b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/do_partial.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import functools
+
+int2 = functools.partial(int, base=2)
+
+print('1000000 =', int2('1000000'))
+print('1010101 =', int2('1010101'))
diff --git a/py3/functional/do_reduce.py b/py3/functional/do_reduce.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b1475bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/do_reduce.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from functools import reduce
+
+CHAR_TO_INT = {
+    '0': 0,
+    '1': 1,
+    '2': 2,
+    '3': 3,
+    '4': 4,
+    '5': 5,
+    '6': 6,
+    '7': 7,
+    '8': 8,
+    '9': 9
+}
+
+def str2int(s):
+    ints = map(lambda ch: CHAR_TO_INT[ch], s)
+    return reduce(lambda x, y: x * 10 + y, ints)
+
+print(str2int('0'))
+print(str2int('12300'))
+print(str2int('0012345'))
diff --git a/py3/functional/do_sorted.py b/py3/functional/do_sorted.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7d7a0e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/do_sorted.py
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from operator import itemgetter
+
+L = ['bob', 'about', 'Zoo', 'Credit']
+
+print(sorted(L))
+print(sorted(L, key=str.lower))
+
+students = [
+    ('Adam', 90),
+    ('Tim', 60),
+    ('Lisa', 80),
+    ('Bart', 60)
+]
+
+print(sorted(students, key=itemgetter(1)))
+
+def student_to_key(t):
+    return '%+02d%s' % (100-t[1], t[0])
+
+print(sorted(students, key=student_to_key))
diff --git a/py3/functional/return_func.py b/py3/functional/return_func.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..147bd9f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/return_func.py
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def lazy_sum(*args):
+    def sum():
+        ax = 0
+        for n in args:
+            ax = ax + n
+        return ax
+    return sum
+
+f = lazy_sum(1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9)
+print(f)
+print(f())
+
+# why f1(), f2(), f3() returns 9, 9, 9 rather than 1, 4, 9?
+def count():
+    fs = []
+    for i in range(1, 4):
+        def f():
+             return i * i
+        fs.append(f)
+    return fs
+
+f1, f2, f3 = count()
+
+print(f1())
+print(f2())
+print(f3())
+
+# fix:
+def count():
+    fs = []
+    def f(n):
+        def j():
+            return n * n
+        return j
+    for i in range(1, 4):
+        fs.append(f(i))
+    return fs
+
+f1, f2, f3 = count()
+
+print(f1())
+print(f2())
+print(f3())
diff --git a/py3/io/file.py b/py3/io/file.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..003e92d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/io/file.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from datetime import datetime
+
+with open('test.txt', 'w') as f:
+    f.write('今天是 ')
+    f.write(datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d'))
+
+with open('test.txt', 'r') as f:
+    s = f.read()
+    print('open for read...')
+    print(s)
+
+with open('test.txt', 'rb') as f:
+    s = f.read()
+    print('open as binary for read...')
+    print(s)

From eccc8e9989517f602da6819dbbca2ed92332fa90 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 31 Mar 2015 13:23:13 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 05/44] add send_mail and regex

---
 py3/mail/send_mail.py | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/regex/regex.py    | 13 +++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 41 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/mail/send_mail.py
 create mode 100755 py3/regex/regex.py

diff --git a/py3/mail/send_mail.py b/py3/mail/send_mail.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..be76c71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/mail/send_mail.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from email import encoders
+from email.header import Header
+from email.mime.text import MIMEText
+from email.utils import parseaddr, formataddr
+import smtplib
+
+def _format_addr(s):
+    name, addr = parseaddr(s)
+    return formataddr((Header(name, 'utf-8').encode(), addr))
+
+from_addr = input('From: ')
+password = input('Password: ')
+to_addr = input('To: ')
+smtp_server = input('SMTP server: ')
+
+msg = MIMEText('hello, send by Python...', 'plain', 'utf-8')
+msg['From'] = _format_addr('Python爱好者 <%s>' % from_addr)
+msg['To'] = _format_addr('管理员 <%s>' % to_addr)
+msg['Subject'] = Header('来自SMTP的问候……', 'utf-8').encode()
+
+server = smtplib.SMTP(smtp_server, 25)
+server.set_debuglevel(1)
+server.login(from_addr, password)
+server.sendmail(from_addr, [to_addr], msg.as_string())
+server.quit()
diff --git a/py3/regex/regex.py b/py3/regex/regex.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..89ef876
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/regex/regex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import re
+
+print('Test: 010-12345')
+m = re.match(r'^(\d{3})-(\d{3,8})$', '010-12345')
+print(m.group(1), m.group(2))
+
+t = '19:05:30'
+print('Test:', t)
+m = re.match(r'^(0[0-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-3]|[0-9])\:(0[0-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-9]|3[0-9]|4[0-9]|5[0-9]|[0-9])\:(0[0-9]|1[0-9]|2[0-9]|3[0-9]|4[0-9]|5[0-9]|[0-9])$', t)
+print(m.groups())

From 7bfdcdef14aaad308ba5a7f7de1ba056c66783b8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 10:25:01 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 06/44] add unittest and doctest

---
 py3/test/dict_doctest.py | 41 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/test/dict_test.py    | 56 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 97 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/test/dict_doctest.py
 create mode 100755 py3/test/dict_test.py

diff --git a/py3/test/dict_doctest.py b/py3/test/dict_doctest.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a0bc4ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/test/dict_doctest.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Dict(dict):
+    '''
+    Simple dict but also support access as x.y style.
+
+    >>> d1 = Dict()
+    >>> d1['x'] = 100
+    >>> d1.x
+    100
+    >>> d1.y = 200
+    >>> d1['y']
+    200
+    >>> d2 = Dict(a=1, b=2, c='3')
+    >>> d2.c
+    '3'
+    >>> d2['empty']
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    KeyError: 'empty'
+    >>> d2.empty
+    Traceback (most recent call last):
+        ...
+    AttributeError: 'Dict' object has no attribute 'empty'
+    '''
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        super(Dict, self).__init__(**kw)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(r"'Dict' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        self[key] = value
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    import doctest
+    doctest.testmod()
diff --git a/py3/test/dict_test.py b/py3/test/dict_test.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ab550b1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/test/dict_test.py
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import unittest
+
+class Dict(dict):
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        super(Dict, self).__init__(**kw)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(r"'Dict' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        self[key] = value
+
+class TestDict(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    def setUp(self):
+        print('setUp...')
+
+    def tearDown(self):
+        print('tearDown...')
+
+    def test_init(self):
+        d = Dict(a=1, b='test')
+        self.assertEqual(d.a, 1)
+        self.assertEqual(d.b, 'test')
+        self.assertTrue(isinstance(d, dict))
+
+    def test_key(self):
+        d = Dict()
+        d['key'] = 'value'
+        self.assertEqual(d.key, 'value')
+
+    def test_attr(self):
+        d = Dict()
+        d.key = 'value'
+        self.assertTrue('key' in d)
+        self.assertEqual(d['key'], 'value')
+
+    def test_keyerror(self):
+        d = Dict()
+        with self.assertRaises(KeyError):
+            value = d['empty']
+
+    def test_attrerror(self):
+        d = Dict()
+        with self.assertRaises(AttributeError):
+            value = d.empty
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    unittest.main()

From 01ce72d7a5f0dd6f3b7f2e4e988616db17511e89 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 10:25:36 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 07/44] rename dict_test.py to dict_unittest.py

---
 py3/test/{dict_test.py => dict_unittest.py} | 0
 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 rename py3/test/{dict_test.py => dict_unittest.py} (100%)

diff --git a/py3/test/dict_test.py b/py3/test/dict_unittest.py
similarity index 100%
rename from py3/test/dict_test.py
rename to py3/test/dict_unittest.py

From 1dff390ab3d27def7503715dd7e219bf39318378 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 10:40:49 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 08/44] add list dir

---
 py3/io/do_dir.py | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 16 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/io/do_dir.py

diff --git a/py3/io/do_dir.py b/py3/io/do_dir.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..dc80853
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/io/do_dir.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from datetime import datetime
+import os
+
+pwd = os.path.abspath('.')
+
+print('      Size     Last Modified  Name')
+print('------------------------------------------------------------')
+
+for f in os.listdir(pwd):
+    fsize = os.path.getsize(f)
+    mtime = datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(f)).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')
+    flag = '/' if os.path.isdir(f) else ''
+    print('%10d  %s  %s%s' % (fsize, mtime, f, flag))

From 4ec9ad83cfc250269332601726ef15f1e59443ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 10:50:10 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 09/44] add wsgi app

---
 py3/web/do_wsgi.py | 11 +++++++++++
 py3/web/hello.py   |  7 +++++++
 2 files changed, 18 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/web/do_wsgi.py
 create mode 100644 py3/web/hello.py

diff --git a/py3/web/do_wsgi.py b/py3/web/do_wsgi.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1e60a6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/do_wsgi.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from wsgiref.simple_server import make_server
+
+from hello import application
+
+httpd = make_server('', 8000, application)
+print('Serving HTTP on port 8000...')
+
+httpd.serve_forever()
diff --git a/py3/web/hello.py b/py3/web/hello.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3150c22
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/hello.py
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def application(environ, start_response):
+    start_response('200 OK', [('Content-Type', 'text/html')])
+    body = '<h1>Hello, %s!</h1>' % (environ['PATH_INFO'][1:] or 'web')
+    return [body.encode('utf-8')]

From c54bfc11074017b4997e5b9edc0a142146c9cd66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 10:58:23 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 10/44] add flask app

---
 py3/web/do_flask.py | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/web/do_flask.py

diff --git a/py3/web/do_flask.py b/py3/web/do_flask.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4f86584
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/do_flask.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from flask import Flask
+from flask import request
+
+app = Flask(__name__)
+
+@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
+def home():
+    return '<h1>Home</h1>'
+
+@app.route('/signin', methods=['GET'])
+def signin_form():
+    return '''<form action="/signin" method="post">
+              <p><input name="username"></p>
+              <p><input name="password" type="password"></p>
+              <p><button type="submit">Sign In</button></p>
+              </form>'''
+
+@app.route('/signin', methods=['POST'])
+def signin():
+    # 需要从request对象读取表单内容：
+    if request.form['username']=='admin' and request.form['password']=='password':
+        return '<h3>Hello, admin!</h3>'
+    return '<h3>Bad username or password.</h3>'
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    app.run()

From b001d0c418ccc51e4d3ecfe996d7e545037d494d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 10:58:47 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 11/44] add flask app with jinja2 templates

---
 py3/web/mvc/app.py                   | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/web/mvc/templates/form.html      | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 py3/web/mvc/templates/home.html      |  8 ++++++++
 py3/web/mvc/templates/signin-ok.html |  8 ++++++++
 4 files changed, 57 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/web/mvc/app.py
 create mode 100644 py3/web/mvc/templates/form.html
 create mode 100644 py3/web/mvc/templates/home.html
 create mode 100644 py3/web/mvc/templates/signin-ok.html

diff --git a/py3/web/mvc/app.py b/py3/web/mvc/app.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3431919
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/mvc/app.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from flask import Flask, request, render_template
+
+app = Flask(__name__)
+
+@app.route('/', methods=['GET', 'POST'])
+def home():
+    return render_template('home.html')
+
+@app.route('/signin', methods=['GET'])
+def signin_form():
+    return render_template('form.html')
+
+@app.route('/signin', methods=['POST'])
+def signin():
+    username = request.form['username']
+    password = request.form['password']
+    if username=='admin' and password=='password':
+        return render_template('signin-ok.html', username=username)
+    return render_template('form.html', message='Bad username or password', username=username)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    app.run()
diff --git a/py3/web/mvc/templates/form.html b/py3/web/mvc/templates/form.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..316092a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/mvc/templates/form.html
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Please Sign In</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+  {% if message %}
+  <p style="color:red">{{ message }}</p>
+  {% endif %}
+  <form action="/signin" method="post">
+    <legend>Please sign in:</legend>
+    <p><input name="username" placeholder="Username" value="{{ username }}"></p>
+    <p><input name="password" placeholder="Password" type="password"></p>
+    <p><button type="submit">Sign In</button></p>
+  </form>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/py3/web/mvc/templates/home.html b/py3/web/mvc/templates/home.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a53b4af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/mvc/templates/home.html
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Home</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <h1 style="font-style:italic">Home</h1>
+</body>
+</html>
diff --git a/py3/web/mvc/templates/signin-ok.html b/py3/web/mvc/templates/signin-ok.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6187939
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/web/mvc/templates/signin-ok.html
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<html>
+<head>
+  <title>Welcome, {{ username }}</title>
+</head>
+<body>
+  <p>Welcome, {{ username }}!</p>
+</body>
+</html>

From 87a225c25cac1c9d249d510791972fda71c2592b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 11:31:45 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 12/44] add mysql sample

---
 py3/db/do_mysql.py | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/db/do_mysql.py

diff --git a/py3/db/do_mysql.py b/py3/db/do_mysql.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d1d1db8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/db/do_mysql.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+########## prepare ##########
+
+# install mysql-connector-python:
+# pip3 install mysql-connector-python --allow-external mysql-connector-python
+
+import mysql.connector
+
+# change root password to yours:
+conn = mysql.connector.connect(user='root', password='password', database='test')
+
+cursor = conn.cursor()
+# 创建user表:
+cursor.execute('create table user (id varchar(20) primary key, name varchar(20))')
+# 插入一行记录，注意MySQL的占位符是%s:
+cursor.execute('insert into user (id, name) values (%s, %s)', ('1', 'Michael'))
+print('rowcount =', cursor.rowcount)
+# 提交事务:
+conn.commit()
+cursor.close()
+
+# 运行查询:
+cursor = conn.cursor()
+cursor.execute('select * from user where id = %s', ('1',))
+values = cursor.fetchall()
+print(values)
+# 关闭Cursor和Connection:
+cursor.close()
+conn.close()

From 723d4904a79b43f844abbd1b1b57520cbada7ece Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 12:30:45 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 13/44] add sqlalchemy sample

---
 py3/db/do_sqlalchemy.py | 44 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 44 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/db/do_sqlalchemy.py

diff --git a/py3/db/do_sqlalchemy.py b/py3/db/do_sqlalchemy.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..85f137d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/db/do_sqlalchemy.py
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from sqlalchemy import Column, String, create_engine
+from sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker
+from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base
+
+# 创建对象的基类:
+Base = declarative_base()
+
+# 定义User对象:
+class User(Base):
+    # 表的名字:
+    __tablename__ = 'user'
+
+    # 表的结构:
+    id = Column(String(20), primary_key=True)
+    name = Column(String(20))
+
+# 初始化数据库连接:
+engine = create_engine('mysql+mysqlconnector://root:password@localhost:3306/test')
+# 创建DBSession类型:
+DBSession = sessionmaker(bind=engine)
+
+# 创建session对象:
+session = DBSession()
+# 创建新User对象:
+new_user = User(id='5', name='Bob')
+# 添加到session:
+session.add(new_user)
+# 提交即保存到数据库:
+session.commit()
+# 关闭session:
+session.close()
+
+# 创建Session:
+session = DBSession()
+# 创建Query查询，filter是where条件，最后调用one()返回唯一行，如果调用all()则返回所有行:
+user = session.query(User).filter(User.id=='5').one()
+# 打印类型和对象的name属性:
+print('type:', type(user))
+print('name:', user.name)
+# 关闭Session:
+session.close()

From fe13d542a3e594e261c25ace7cdbe3fbf4603d52 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 12:46:19 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 14/44] add iter, gener and list compr

---
 py3/advance/do_generator.py | 19 ++++++++++++++++++
 py3/advance/do_iter.py      | 39 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/advance/do_listcompr.py | 12 ++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 70 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/advance/do_generator.py
 create mode 100755 py3/advance/do_iter.py
 create mode 100755 py3/advance/do_listcompr.py

diff --git a/py3/advance/do_generator.py b/py3/advance/do_generator.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..90cb99c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/advance/do_generator.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+g = (x * x for x in range(10))
+print(g)
+for x in g:
+    print(x)
+
+def fib(max):
+    n, a, b = 0, 0, 1
+    while n < max:
+        yield b
+        a, b = b, a + b
+        n = n + 1
+
+f = fib(10)
+print('fib(10):', f)
+for x in f:
+    print(x)
diff --git a/py3/advance/do_iter.py b/py3/advance/do_iter.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b70068e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/advance/do_iter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from collections import Iterable
+print('iterable? [1, 2, 3]:', isinstance([1, 2, 3], Iterable))
+print('iterable? \'abc\':', isinstance('abc', Iterable))
+print('iterable? 123:', isinstance(123, Iterable))
+
+# iter list:
+print('iter [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]')
+for x in [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]:
+    print(x)
+
+d = {'a': 1, 'b': 2, 'c': 3}
+
+# iter each key:
+print('iter key:', d)
+for k in d.keys():
+    print('key:', k)
+
+# iter each value:
+print('iter value:', d)
+for v in d.values():
+    print('value:', v)
+
+# iter both key and value:
+print('iter item:', d)
+for k, v in d.items():
+    print('item:', k, v)
+
+# iter list with index:
+print('iter enumerate([\'A\', \'B\', \'C\']')
+for i, value in enumerate(['A', 'B', 'C']):
+    print(i, value)
+
+# iter complex list:
+print('iter [(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9)]:')
+for x, y in [(1, 1), (2, 4), (3, 9)]:
+    print(x, y)
diff --git a/py3/advance/do_listcompr.py b/py3/advance/do_listcompr.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..328d5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/advance/do_listcompr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+print([x * x for x in range(1, 11)])
+print([x * x for x in range(1, 11) if x % 2 == 0])
+print([m + n for m in 'ABC' for n in 'XYZ'])
+
+d = {'x': 'A', 'y': 'B', 'z': 'C' }
+print([k + '=' + v for k, v in d.items()])
+
+L = ['Hello', 'World', 'IBM', 'Apple']
+print([s.lower() for s in L])

From dbea25a88a0756feaee8aad46e7d0f4844a5e5dd Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 12:51:07 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 15/44] add class definition

---
 py3/oop_basic/student.py | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_basic/student.py

diff --git a/py3/oop_basic/student.py b/py3/oop_basic/student.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8a832ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_basic/student.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, score):
+        self.name = name
+        self.score = score
+
+    def print_score(self):
+        print('%s: %s' % (self.name, self.score))
+
+    def get_grade(self):
+        if self.score >= 90:
+            return 'A'
+        elif self.score >= 60:
+            return 'B'
+        else:
+            return 'C'
+
+bart = Student('Bart Simpson', 59)
+lisa = Student('Lisa Simpson', 87)
+
+print('bart.name =', bart.name)
+print('bart.score =', bart.score)
+bart.print_score()
+
+print('grade of Bart:', bart.get_grade())
+print('grade of Lisa:', lisa.get_grade())

From 34865c0652b1b5366f9fe5092503d6d676c3ee1e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 13:32:48 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 16/44] add logging, pdb, assert samples

---
 py3/debug/do_assert.py  | 12 ++++++++++++
 py3/debug/do_logging.py | 10 ++++++++++
 py3/debug/do_pdb.py     |  9 +++++++++
 3 files changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/debug/do_assert.py
 create mode 100755 py3/debug/do_logging.py
 create mode 100755 py3/debug/do_pdb.py

diff --git a/py3/debug/do_assert.py b/py3/debug/do_assert.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b94bd70
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/debug/do_assert.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def foo(s):
+    n = int(s)
+    assert n != 0, 'n is zero!'
+    return 10 / n
+
+def main():
+    foo('0')
+
+main()
diff --git a/py3/debug/do_logging.py b/py3/debug/do_logging.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a4b9417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/debug/do_logging.py
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import logging
+logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO)
+
+s = '0'
+n = int(s)
+logging.info('n = %d' % n)
+print(10 / n)
diff --git a/py3/debug/do_pdb.py b/py3/debug/do_pdb.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8e22883
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/debug/do_pdb.py
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import pdb
+
+s = '0'
+n = int(s)
+pdb.set_trace() # 运行到这里会自动暂停
+print(10 / n)

From 0ce9ce42b18b24009a10f349836a0ed49fa6873a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 13:33:06 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 17/44] add oop basic samples

---
 py3/oop_basic/animals.py           | 32 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_basic/attrs.py             | 25 +++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_basic/get_instance.py      | 30 +++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_basic/get_type.py          | 14 ++++++++++++
 py3/oop_basic/protected_student.py | 35 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 136 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_basic/animals.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_basic/attrs.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_basic/get_instance.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_basic/get_type.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_basic/protected_student.py

diff --git a/py3/oop_basic/animals.py b/py3/oop_basic/animals.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e2153ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_basic/animals.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Animal(object):
+    def run(self):
+        print('Animal is running...')
+
+class Dog(Animal):
+    def run(self):
+        print('Dog is running...')
+
+class Cat(Animal):
+    def run(self):
+        print('Cat is running...')
+
+def run_twice(animal):
+    animal.run()
+    animal.run()
+
+a = Animal()
+d = Dog()
+c = Cat()
+
+print('a is Animal?', isinstance(a, Animal))
+print('a is Dog?', isinstance(a, Dog))
+print('a is Cat?', isinstance(a, Cat))
+
+print('d is Animal?', isinstance(d, Animal))
+print('d is Dog?', isinstance(d, Dog))
+print('d is Cat?', isinstance(d, Cat))
+
+run_twice(c)
diff --git a/py3/oop_basic/attrs.py b/py3/oop_basic/attrs.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1f8462d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_basic/attrs.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class MyObject(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.x = 9
+
+    def power(self):
+        return self.x * self.x
+
+obj = MyObject()
+
+print('hasattr(obj, \'x\') =', hasattr(obj, 'x')) # 有属性'x'吗？
+print('hasattr(obj, \'y\') =', hasattr(obj, 'y')) # 有属性'y'吗？
+setattr(obj, 'y', 19) # 设置一个属性'y'
+print('hasattr(obj, \'y\') =', hasattr(obj, 'y')) # 有属性'y'吗？
+print('getattr(obj, \'y\') =', getattr(obj, 'y')) # 获取属性'y'
+print('obj.y =', obj.y) # 获取属性'y'
+
+print('getattr(obj, \'z\') =',getattr(obj, 'z', 404)) # 获取属性'z'，如果不存在，返回默认值404
+
+f = getattr(obj, 'power') # 获取属性'power'
+print(f)
+print(f())
diff --git a/py3/oop_basic/get_instance.py b/py3/oop_basic/get_instance.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e2e2c92
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_basic/get_instance.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Animal(object):
+    pass
+
+class Dog(Animal):
+    pass
+
+class Husky(Dog):
+    pass
+
+a = Animal()
+d = Dog()
+h = Husky()
+
+print('check a = Animal()...')
+print('isinstance(a, Animal) =', isinstance(a, Animal))
+print('isinstance(a, Dog) =', isinstance(a, Dog))
+print('isinstance(a, Husky) =', isinstance(a, Husky))
+
+print('check d = Dog()...')
+print('isinstance(d, Animal) =', isinstance(d, Animal))
+print('isinstance(d, Dog) =', isinstance(d, Dog))
+print('isinstance(d, Husky) =', isinstance(d, Husky))
+
+print('check h = Husky()...')
+print('isinstance(h, Animal) =', isinstance(h, Animal))
+print('isinstance(h, Dog) =', isinstance(h, Dog))
+print('isinstance(h, Husky) =', isinstance(h, Husky))
diff --git a/py3/oop_basic/get_type.py b/py3/oop_basic/get_type.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ae079e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_basic/get_type.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# type()
+
+print('type(123) =', type(123))
+print('type(\'123\') =', type('123'))
+print('type(None) =', type(None))
+print('type(abs) =', type(abs))
+
+import types
+
+print('type(\'abc\')==str?', type('abc')==str)
+
diff --git a/py3/oop_basic/protected_student.py b/py3/oop_basic/protected_student.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6d67a71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_basic/protected_student.py
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, score):
+        self.__name = name
+        self.__score = score
+
+    def get_name(self):
+        return self.__name
+
+    def get_score(self):
+        return self.__score
+
+    def set_score(self, score):
+        if 0 <= score <= 100:
+            self.__score = score
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('bad score')
+
+    def get_grade(self):
+        if self.__score >= 90:
+            return 'A'
+        elif self.__score >= 60:
+            return 'B'
+        else:
+            return 'C'
+
+bart = Student('Bart Simpson', 59)
+print('bart.get_name() =', bart.get_name())
+bart.set_score(60)
+print('bart.get_score() =', bart.get_score())
+
+print('DO NOT use bart._Student__name:', bart._Student__name)

From a435e631704789a50000492830c98979324834f5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 13:33:26 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 18/44] add slots sample

---
 py3/oop_advance/use_slots.py | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/use_slots.py

diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/use_slots.py b/py3/oop_advance/use_slots.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ff98c2f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/use_slots.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+    __slots__ = ('name', 'age') # 用tuple定义允许绑定的属性名称
+
+class GraduateStudent(Student):
+    pass
+
+s = Student() # 创建新的实例
+s.name = 'Michael' # 绑定属性'name'
+s.age = 25 # 绑定属性'age'
+# ERROR: AttributeError: 'Student' object has no attribute 'score'
+try:
+    s.score = 99
+except AttributeError as e:
+    print('AttributeError:', e)
+
+g = GraduateStudent()
+g.score = 99
+print('g.score =', g.score)

From 2ac43de992b8c4522d509dfc0dc181b2c5918b0e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 13:47:47 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 19/44] add magic methods

---
 py3/oop_advance/special_call.py    | 12 ++++++++++++
 py3/oop_advance/special_getattr.py | 21 +++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_advance/special_getitem.py | 30 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_advance/special_iter.py    | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_advance/special_str.py     | 14 ++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_advance/use_property.py    | 22 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 6 files changed, 118 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/special_call.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/special_getattr.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/special_getitem.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/special_iter.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/special_str.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/use_property.py

diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/special_call.py b/py3/oop_advance/special_call.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7fc27f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/special_call.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __call__(self):
+        print('My name is %s.' % self.name)
+
+s = Student('Michael')
+s()
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/special_getattr.py b/py3/oop_advance/special_getattr.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..930141a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/special_getattr.py
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.name = 'Michael'
+
+    def __getattr__(self, attr):
+        if attr=='score':
+            return 99
+        if attr=='age':
+            return lambda: 25
+        raise AttributeError('\'Student\' object has no attribute \'%s\'' % attr)
+
+s = Student()
+print(s.name)
+print(s.score)
+print(s.age())
+# AttributeError: 'Student' object has no attribute 'grade'
+print(s.grade)
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/special_getitem.py b/py3/oop_advance/special_getitem.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..19f5bcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/special_getitem.py
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Fib(object):
+
+    def __getitem__(self, n):
+        if isinstance(n, int):
+            a, b = 1, 1
+            for x in range(n):
+                a, b = b, a + b
+            return a
+        if isinstance(n, slice):
+            start = n.start
+            stop = n.stop
+            if start is None:
+                start = 0
+            a, b = 1, 1
+            L = []
+            for x in range(stop):
+                if x >= start:
+                    L.append(a)
+                a, b = b, a + b
+            return L
+
+f = Fib()
+print(f[0])
+print(f[5])
+print(f[100])
+print(f[0:5])
+print(f[:10])
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/special_iter.py b/py3/oop_advance/special_iter.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..90e1f8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/special_iter.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Fib(object):
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.a, self.b = 0, 1 # 初始化两个计数器a，b
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self # 实例本身就是迭代对象，故返回自己
+
+    def __next__(self):
+        self.a, self.b = self.b, self.a + self.b # 计算下一个值
+        if self.a > 100000: # 退出循环的条件
+            raise StopIteration();
+        return self.a # 返回下一个值
+
+for n in Fib():
+    print(n)
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/special_str.py b/py3/oop_advance/special_str.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1071b69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/special_str.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        self.name = name
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return 'Student object (name: %s)' % self.name
+
+    __repr__ = __str__
+
+print(Student('Michael'))
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/use_property.py b/py3/oop_advance/use_property.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9edcb02
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/use_property.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    @property
+    def score(self):
+        return self._score
+
+    @score.setter
+    def score(self, value):
+        if not isinstance(value, int):
+            raise ValueError('score must be an integer!')
+        if value < 0 or value > 100:
+            raise ValueError('score must between 0 ~ 100!')
+        self._score = value
+
+s = Student()
+s.score = 60
+print('s.score =', s.score)
+# ValueError: score must between 0 ~ 100!
+s.score = 9999

From 32347c199cc1559132cd3faf816c02f79a38f113 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 14:00:19 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 20/44] add metaclass samples

---
 py3/oop_advance/create_class_on_the_fly.py | 13 ++++
 py3/oop_advance/orm.py                     | 77 ++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/oop_advance/use_metaclass.py           | 19 ++++++
 3 files changed, 109 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/create_class_on_the_fly.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/orm.py
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/use_metaclass.py

diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/create_class_on_the_fly.py b/py3/oop_advance/create_class_on_the_fly.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3897023
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/create_class_on_the_fly.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def fn(self, name='world'): # 先定义函数
+    print('Hello, %s.' % name)
+
+Hello = type('Hello', (object,), dict(hello=fn)) # 创建Hello class
+
+h = Hello()
+print('call h.hello():')
+h.hello()
+print('type(Hello) =', type(Hello))
+print('type(h) =', type(h))
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/orm.py b/py3/oop_advance/orm.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..11899b3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/orm.py
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+' Simple ORM using metaclass '
+
+class Field(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, column_type):
+        self.name = name
+        self.column_type = column_type
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return '<%s:%s>' % (self.__class__.__name__, self.name)
+
+class StringField(Field):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(StringField, self).__init__(name, 'varchar(100)')
+
+class IntegerField(Field):
+
+    def __init__(self, name):
+        super(IntegerField, self).__init__(name, 'bigint')
+
+class ModelMetaclass(type):
+
+    def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
+        if name=='Model':
+            return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
+        print('Found model: %s' % name)
+        mappings = dict()
+        for k, v in attrs.items():
+            if isinstance(v, Field):
+                print('Found mapping: %s ==> %s' % (k, v))
+                mappings[k] = v
+        for k in mappings.keys():
+            attrs.pop(k)
+        attrs['__mappings__'] = mappings # 保存属性和列的映射关系
+        attrs['__table__'] = name # 假设表名和类名一致
+        return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
+
+class Model(dict, metaclass=ModelMetaclass):
+
+    def __init__(self, **kw):
+        super(Model, self).__init__(**kw)
+
+    def __getattr__(self, key):
+        try:
+            return self[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise AttributeError(r"'Model' object has no attribute '%s'" % key)
+
+    def __setattr__(self, key, value):
+        self[key] = value
+
+    def save(self):
+        fields = []
+        params = []
+        args = []
+        for k, v in self.__mappings__.items():
+            fields.append(v.name)
+            params.append('?')
+            args.append(getattr(self, k, None))
+        sql = 'insert into %s (%s) values (%s)' % (self.__table__, ','.join(fields), ','.join(params))
+        print('SQL: %s' % sql)
+        print('ARGS: %s' % str(args))
+
+# testing code:
+
+class User(Model):
+    id = IntegerField('id')
+    name = StringField('username')
+    email = StringField('email')
+    password = StringField('password')
+
+u = User(id=12345, name='Michael', email='test@orm.org', password='my-pwd')
+u.save()
diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/use_metaclass.py b/py3/oop_advance/use_metaclass.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b0e9d6b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/use_metaclass.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# metaclass是创建类，所以必须从`type`类型派生：
+class ListMetaclass(type):
+    def __new__(cls, name, bases, attrs):
+        attrs['add'] = lambda self, value: self.append(value)
+        return type.__new__(cls, name, bases, attrs)
+
+# 指示使用ListMetaclass来定制类
+class MyList(list, metaclass=ListMetaclass):
+    pass
+
+L = MyList()
+L.add(1)
+L.add(2)
+L.add(3)
+L.add('END')
+print(L)

From 38624c31dfd241878da3b083faeca0f62ff73c99 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 14:12:38 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 21/44] add pickle and json samples

---
 py3/io/use_json.py   | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/io/use_pickle.py | 11 +++++++++++
 2 files changed, 37 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/io/use_json.py
 create mode 100755 py3/io/use_pickle.py

diff --git a/py3/io/use_json.py b/py3/io/use_json.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5e3c708
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/io/use_json.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import json
+
+d = dict(name='Bob', age=20, score=88)
+data = json.dumps(d)
+print('JSON Data is a str:', data)
+reborn = json.loads(data)
+print(reborn)
+
+class Student(object):
+
+    def __init__(self, name, age, score):
+        self.name = name
+        self.age = age
+        self.score = score
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return 'Student object (%s, %s, %s)' % (self.name, self.age, self.score)
+
+s = Student('Bob', 20, 88)
+std_data = json.dumps(s, default=lambda obj: obj.__dict__)
+print('Dump Student:', std_data)
+rebuild = json.loads(std_data, object_hook=lambda d: Student(d['name'], d['age'], d['score']))
+print(rebuild)
diff --git a/py3/io/use_pickle.py b/py3/io/use_pickle.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d14eba9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/io/use_pickle.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import pickle
+
+d = dict(name='Bob', age=20, score=88)
+data = pickle.dumps(d)
+print(data)
+
+reborn = pickle.loads(data)
+print(reborn)

From f58e9ea230d8e6c8d6006b3fd8a585d4ae473305 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 14:40:28 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 22/44] add struct, collections and hashlib sample

---
 py3/commonlib/check_bmp.py       |  8 ++++++++
 py3/commonlib/use_collections.py | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/commonlib/use_hashlib.py     | 13 +++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 49 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/check_bmp.py
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/use_collections.py
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/use_hashlib.py

diff --git a/py3/commonlib/check_bmp.py b/py3/commonlib/check_bmp.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f55c1f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/check_bmp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import struct
+
+bmp_header = b'\x42\x4d\x38\x8c\x0a\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x36\x00\x00\x00\x28\x00\x00\x00\x80\x02\x00\x00\x68\x01\x00\x00\x01\x00\x18\x00'
+
+print(struct.unpack('<ccIIIIIIHH', bmp_header))
diff --git a/py3/commonlib/use_collections.py b/py3/commonlib/use_collections.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c4dc10c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/use_collections.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+Point = namedtuple('Point', ['x', 'y'])
+p = Point(1, 2)
+print('Point:', p.x, p.y)
+
+from collections import deque
+
+q = deque(['a', 'b', 'c'])
+q.append('x')
+q.appendleft('y')
+print(q)
+
+from collections import defaultdict
+
+dd = defaultdict(lambda: 'N/A')
+dd['key1'] = 'abc'
+print('dd[\'key1\'] =', dd['key1'])
+print('dd[\'key2\'] =', dd['key2'])
+
+from collections import Counter
+c = Counter()
+for ch in 'programming':
+    c[ch] = c[ch] + 1
+print(c)
diff --git a/py3/commonlib/use_hashlib.py b/py3/commonlib/use_hashlib.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e6480b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/use_hashlib.py
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import hashlib
+
+md5 = hashlib.md5()
+md5.update('how to use md5 in python hashlib?'.encode('utf-8'))
+print(md5.hexdigest())
+
+sha1 = hashlib.sha1()
+sha1.update('how to use sha1 in '.encode('utf-8'))
+sha1.update('python hashlib?'.encode('utf-8'))
+print(sha1.hexdigest())

From ad0786f71bf9bb9e2fdc0d4367893d4b2373d478 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 16:02:28 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 23/44] add datetime, itertools and sax

---
 py3/commonlib/use_datetime.py  | 40 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/commonlib/use_itertools.py | 18 +++++++++++++++
 py3/commonlib/use_sax.py       | 28 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 86 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/use_datetime.py
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/use_itertools.py
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/use_sax.py

diff --git a/py3/commonlib/use_datetime.py b/py3/commonlib/use_datetime.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..625fad8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/use_datetime.py
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from datetime import datetime, timedelta, timezone
+
+# 获取当前datetime:
+now = datetime.now()
+print('now =', now)
+print('type(now) =', type(now))
+
+# 用指定日期时间创建datetime:
+dt = datetime(2015, 4, 19, 12, 20)
+print('dt =', dt)
+
+# 把datetime转换为timestamp:
+print('datetime -> timestamp:', dt.timestamp())
+
+# 把timestamp转换为datetime:
+t = dt.timestamp()
+print('timestamp -> datetime:', datetime.fromtimestamp(t))
+print('timestamp -> datetime as UTC+0:', datetime.utcfromtimestamp(t))
+
+# 从str读取datetime:
+cday = datetime.strptime('2015-6-1 18:19:59', '%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S')
+print('strptime:', cday)
+
+# 把datetime格式化输出:
+print('strftime:', cday.strftime('%a, %b %d %H:%M'))
+
+# 对日期进行加减:
+print('current datetime =', cday)
+print('current + 10 hours =', cday + timedelta(hours=10))
+print('current - 1 day =', cday - timedelta(days=1))
+print('current + 2.5 days =', cday + timedelta(days=2, hours=12))
+
+# 把时间从UTC+0时区转换为UTC+8:
+utc_dt = datetime.utcnow().replace(tzinfo=timezone.utc)
+utc8_dt = utc_dt.astimezone(timezone(timedelta(hours=8)))
+print('UTC+0:00 now =', utc_dt)
+print('UTC+8:00 now =', utc8_dt)
diff --git a/py3/commonlib/use_itertools.py b/py3/commonlib/use_itertools.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..65a908c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/use_itertools.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import itertools
+
+natuals = itertools.count(1)
+for n in natuals:
+    print(n)
+    if n >= 100:
+        break
+
+cs = itertools.cycle('ABC')
+t = 10
+for c in cs:
+    print(c)
+    t = t - 1
+    if t == 0:
+        break
diff --git a/py3/commonlib/use_sax.py b/py3/commonlib/use_sax.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c8bb8ba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/use_sax.py
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from xml.parsers.expat import ParserCreate
+
+class DefaultSaxHandler(object):
+    def start_element(self, name, attrs):
+        print('sax:start_element: %s, attrs: %s' % (name, str(attrs)))
+
+    def end_element(self, name):
+        print('sax:end_element: %s' % name)
+
+    def char_data(self, text):
+        print('sax:char_data: %s' % text)
+
+xml = r'''<?xml version="1.0"?>
+<ol>
+    <li><a href="/python">Python</a></li>
+    <li><a href="/ruby">Ruby</a></li>
+</ol>
+'''
+
+handler = DefaultSaxHandler()
+parser = ParserCreate()
+parser.StartElementHandler = handler.start_element
+parser.EndElementHandler = handler.end_element
+parser.CharacterDataHandler = handler.char_data
+parser.Parse(xml)

From 99b8bd66eb1f8ef22986db61886b2d00c68754db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 16:11:13 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 24/44] add htmlparser sample

---
 py3/commonlib/use_htmlparser.py | 36 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/commonlib/use_htmlparser.py

diff --git a/py3/commonlib/use_htmlparser.py b/py3/commonlib/use_htmlparser.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..29e7b1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/commonlib/use_htmlparser.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from html.parser import HTMLParser
+from html.entities import name2codepoint
+
+class MyHTMLParser(HTMLParser):
+
+    def handle_starttag(self, tag, attrs):
+        print('<%s>' % tag)
+
+    def handle_endtag(self, tag):
+        print('</%s>' % tag)
+
+    def handle_startendtag(self, tag, attrs):
+        print('<%s/>' % tag)
+
+    def handle_data(self, data):
+        print(data)
+
+    def handle_comment(self, data):
+        print('<!--', data, '-->')
+
+    def handle_entityref(self, name):
+        print('&%s;' % name)
+
+    def handle_charref(self, name):
+        print('&#%s;' % name)
+
+parser = MyHTMLParser()
+parser.feed('''<html>
+<head></head>
+<body>
+<!-- test html parser -->
+    <p>Some <a href=\"#\">html</a> HTML&nbsp;tutorial...<br>END</p>
+</body></html>''')

From a787f80c29207f720e9e59557cbf82f4f089ae98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 16:19:30 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 25/44] add multi-process

---
 py3/multitask/do_folk.py           | 12 +++++++++++
 py3/multitask/do_queue.py          | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/multitask/multi_processing.py  | 17 +++++++++++++++
 py3/multitask/pooled_processing.py | 22 +++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 85 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/do_folk.py
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/do_queue.py
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/multi_processing.py
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/pooled_processing.py

diff --git a/py3/multitask/do_folk.py b/py3/multitask/do_folk.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2cabba8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/do_folk.py
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import os
+
+print('Process (%s) start...' % os.getpid())
+# Only works on Unix/Linux/Mac:
+pid = os.fork()
+if pid == 0:
+    print('I am child process (%s) and my parent is %s.' % (os.getpid(), os.getppid()))
+else:
+    print('I (%s) just created a child process (%s).' % (os.getpid(), pid))
diff --git a/py3/multitask/do_queue.py b/py3/multitask/do_queue.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..02a8ef8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/do_queue.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from multiprocessing import Process, Queue
+import os, time, random
+
+# 写数据进程执行的代码:
+def write(q):
+    print('Process to write: %s' % os.getpid())
+    for value in ['A', 'B', 'C']:
+        print('Put %s to queue...' % value)
+        q.put(value)
+        time.sleep(random.random())
+
+# 读数据进程执行的代码:
+def read(q):
+    print('Process to read: %s' % os.getpid())
+    while True:
+        value = q.get(True)
+        print('Get %s from queue.' % value)
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    # 父进程创建Queue，并传给各个子进程：
+    q = Queue()
+    pw = Process(target=write, args=(q,))
+    pr = Process(target=read, args=(q,))
+    # 启动子进程pw，写入:
+    pw.start()
+    # 启动子进程pr，读取:
+    pr.start()
+    # 等待pw结束:
+    pw.join()
+    # pr进程里是死循环，无法等待其结束，只能强行终止:
+    pr.terminate()
diff --git a/py3/multitask/multi_processing.py b/py3/multitask/multi_processing.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3cb7660
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/multi_processing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from multiprocessing import Process
+import os
+
+# 子进程要执行的代码
+def run_proc(name):
+    print('Run child process %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid()))
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    print('Parent process %s.' % os.getpid())
+    p = Process(target=run_proc, args=('test',))
+    print('Child process will start.')
+    p.start()
+    p.join()
+    print('Child process end.')
diff --git a/py3/multitask/pooled_processing.py b/py3/multitask/pooled_processing.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..97130f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/pooled_processing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from multiprocessing import Pool
+import os, time, random
+
+def long_time_task(name):
+    print('Run task %s (%s)...' % (name, os.getpid()))
+    start = time.time()
+    time.sleep(random.random() * 3)
+    end = time.time()
+    print('Task %s runs %0.2f seconds.' % (name, (end - start)))
+
+if __name__=='__main__':
+    print('Parent process %s.' % os.getpid())
+    p = Pool(4)
+    for i in range(5):
+        p.apply_async(long_time_task, args=(i,))
+    print('Waiting for all subprocesses done...')
+    p.close()
+    p.join()
+    print('All subprocesses done.')

From 3d77f04a6ce10201827d25976d804eb3d776dd2e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 16:30:27 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 26/44] add lock, multithreading, threadlocal samples

---
 py3/multitask/do_lock.py         | 33 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/multitask/multi_threading.py | 20 +++++++++++++++++++
 py3/multitask/use_threadlocal.py | 24 +++++++++++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 77 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/do_lock.py
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/multi_threading.py
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/use_threadlocal.py

diff --git a/py3/multitask/do_lock.py b/py3/multitask/do_lock.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..23a3f1e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/do_lock.py
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import time, threading
+
+# 假定这是你的银行存款:
+balance = 0
+lock = threading.Lock()
+
+def change_it(n):
+    # 先存后取，结果应该为0:
+    global balance
+    balance = balance + n
+    balance = balance - n
+
+def run_thread(n):
+    for i in range(100000):
+        # 先要获取锁:
+        lock.acquire()
+        try:
+            # 放心地改吧:
+            change_it(n)
+        finally:
+            # 改完了一定要释放锁:
+            lock.release()
+
+t1 = threading.Thread(target=run_thread, args=(5,))
+t2 = threading.Thread(target=run_thread, args=(8,))
+t1.start()
+t2.start()
+t1.join()
+t2.join()
+print(balance)
diff --git a/py3/multitask/multi_threading.py b/py3/multitask/multi_threading.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5da05de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/multi_threading.py
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import time, threading
+
+# 新线程执行的代码:
+def loop():
+    print('thread %s is running...' % threading.current_thread().name)
+    n = 0
+    while n < 5:
+        n = n + 1
+        print('thread %s >>> %s' % (threading.current_thread().name, n))
+        time.sleep(1)
+    print('thread %s ended.' % threading.current_thread().name)
+
+print('thread %s is running...' % threading.current_thread().name)
+t = threading.Thread(target=loop, name='LoopThread')
+t.start()
+t.join()
+print('thread %s ended.' % threading.current_thread().name)
diff --git a/py3/multitask/use_threadlocal.py b/py3/multitask/use_threadlocal.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..77c0c9c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/use_threadlocal.py
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import threading
+
+# 创建全局ThreadLocal对象:
+local_school = threading.local()
+
+def process_student():
+    # 获取当前线程关联的student:
+    std = local_school.student
+    print('Hello, %s (in %s)' % (std, threading.current_thread().name))
+
+def process_thread(name):
+    # 绑定ThreadLocal的student:
+    local_school.student = name
+    process_student()
+
+t1 = threading.Thread(target= process_thread, args=('Alice',), name='Thread-A')
+t2 = threading.Thread(target= process_thread, args=('Bob',), name='Thread-B')
+t1.start()
+t2.start()
+t1.join()
+t2.join()

From 1e1333be339edbdbc70feca66f049f3b161db1b3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 16:39:55 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 27/44] add task master, worker sample

---
 py3/multitask/task_master.py | 38 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 py3/multitask/task_worker.py | 36 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 74 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/task_master.py
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/task_worker.py

diff --git a/py3/multitask/task_master.py b/py3/multitask/task_master.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c01bf71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/task_master.py
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import random, time, queue
+from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
+
+# 发送任务的队列:
+task_queue = queue.Queue()
+# 接收结果的队列:
+result_queue = queue.Queue()
+
+# 从BaseManager继承的QueueManager:
+class QueueManager(BaseManager):
+    pass
+
+# 把两个Queue都注册到网络上, callable参数关联了Queue对象:
+QueueManager.register('get_task_queue', callable=lambda: task_queue)
+QueueManager.register('get_result_queue', callable=lambda: result_queue)
+# 绑定端口5000, 设置验证码'abc':
+manager = QueueManager(address=('', 5000), authkey=b'abc')
+# 启动Queue:
+manager.start()
+# 获得通过网络访问的Queue对象:
+task = manager.get_task_queue()
+result = manager.get_result_queue()
+# 放几个任务进去:
+for i in range(10):
+    n = random.randint(0, 10000)
+    print('Put task %d...' % n)
+    task.put(n)
+# 从result队列读取结果:
+print('Try get results...')
+for i in range(10):
+    r = result.get(timeout=10)
+    print('Result: %s' % r)
+# 关闭:
+manager.shutdown()
+print('master exit.')
diff --git a/py3/multitask/task_worker.py b/py3/multitask/task_worker.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6a18760
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/task_worker.py
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import time, sys, queue
+from multiprocessing.managers import BaseManager
+
+# 创建类似的QueueManager:
+class QueueManager(BaseManager):
+    pass
+
+# 由于这个QueueManager只从网络上获取Queue，所以注册时只提供名字:
+QueueManager.register('get_task_queue')
+QueueManager.register('get_result_queue')
+
+# 连接到服务器，也就是运行taskmanager.py的机器:
+server_addr = '127.0.0.1'
+print('Connect to server %s...' % server_addr)
+# 端口和验证码注意保持与taskmanager.py设置的完全一致:
+m = QueueManager(address=(server_addr, 5000), authkey=b'abc')
+# 从网络连接:
+m.connect()
+# 获取Queue的对象:
+task = m.get_task_queue()
+result = m.get_result_queue()
+# 从task队列取任务,并把结果写入result队列:
+for i in range(10):
+    try:
+        n = task.get(timeout=1)
+        print('run task %d * %d...' % (n, n))
+        r = '%d * %d = %d' % (n, n, n*n)
+        time.sleep(1)
+        result.put(r)
+    except Queue.Empty:
+        print('task queue is empty.')
+# 处理结束:
+print('worker exit.')

From f63c8549b463ea163ba6120b796442aea77bbfd6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 16:49:29 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 28/44] add gui app sample

---
 py3/gui/hello_gui.py | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/gui/hello_gui.py

diff --git a/py3/gui/hello_gui.py b/py3/gui/hello_gui.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..005a8a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/gui/hello_gui.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from tkinter import *
+import tkinter.messagebox as messagebox
+
+class Application(Frame):
+    def __init__(self, master=None):
+        Frame.__init__(self, master)
+        self.pack()
+        self.createWidgets()
+
+    def createWidgets(self):
+        self.nameInput = Entry(self)
+        self.nameInput.pack()
+        self.alertButton = Button(self, text='Hello', command=self.hello)
+        self.alertButton.pack()
+
+    def hello(self):
+        name = self.nameInput.get() or 'world'
+        messagebox.showinfo('Message', 'Hello, %s' % name)
+
+app = Application()
+# 设置窗口标题:
+app.master.title('Hello World')
+# 主消息循环:
+app.mainloop()

From efc52c7550769ca1734694633c03154feef8d289 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 23:14:12 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 29/44] add tcp sample

---
 py3/network/do_tcp.py | 34 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 34 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/network/do_tcp.py

diff --git a/py3/network/do_tcp.py b/py3/network/do_tcp.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..73007d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/network/do_tcp.py
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import socket
+
+# 创建一个socket:
+s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+
+# 建立连接:
+s.connect(('www.sina.com.cn', 80))
+
+# 发送数据:
+s.send(b'GET / HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: www.sina.com.cn\r\nConnection: close\r\n\r\n')
+
+# 接收数据:
+buffer = []
+while True:
+    # 每次最多接收1k字节:
+    d = s.recv(1024)
+    if d:
+        buffer.append(d)
+    else:
+        break
+
+data = b''.join(buffer)
+
+# 关闭连接:
+s.close()
+
+header, html = data.split(b'\r\n\r\n', 1)
+print(header.decode('utf-8'))
+# 把接收的数据写入文件:
+with open('sina.html', 'wb') as f:
+    f.write(html)

From db303ae3c944eaf63f8dfa5c7eb5b1af32af5dbb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 23:14:46 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 30/44] update git ignore

---
 .gitignore | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 43df6b5..0b7acd0 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 test.db
 test.txt
+sina.html
 
 # C extensions
 *.so

From 5e1514c6a999f3c8ceb309b251a1240c77ba5478 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 23:16:34 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 31/44] rename to socket

---
 py3/{network => socket}/do_tcp.py | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 rename py3/{network => socket}/do_tcp.py (99%)

diff --git a/py3/network/do_tcp.py b/py3/socket/do_tcp.py
similarity index 99%
rename from py3/network/do_tcp.py
rename to py3/socket/do_tcp.py
index 73007d8..c2bd1fc 100755
--- a/py3/network/do_tcp.py
+++ b/py3/socket/do_tcp.py
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 
 header, html = data.split(b'\r\n\r\n', 1)
 print(header.decode('utf-8'))
+
 # 把接收的数据写入文件:
 with open('sina.html', 'wb') as f:
     f.write(html)

From 8e468752cfd425ffe69ae3f64299cb965b69646c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 1 Apr 2015 23:21:38 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 32/44] add udp sample

---
 py3/socket/udp_client.py | 14 ++++++++++++++
 py3/socket/udp_server.py | 18 ++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 32 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/socket/udp_client.py
 create mode 100755 py3/socket/udp_server.py

diff --git a/py3/socket/udp_client.py b/py3/socket/udp_client.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a795773
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/socket/udp_client.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import socket
+
+s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+
+for data in [b'Michael', b'Tracy', b'Sarah']:
+    # 发送数据:
+    s.sendto(data, ('127.0.0.1', 9999))
+    # 接收数据:
+    print(s.recv(1024).decode('utf-8'))
+
+s.close()
diff --git a/py3/socket/udp_server.py b/py3/socket/udp_server.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7f54915
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/socket/udp_server.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import socket
+
+s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+
+# 绑定端口:
+s.bind(('127.0.0.1', 9999))
+
+print('Bind UDP on 9999...')
+
+while True:
+    # 接收数据:
+    data, addr = s.recvfrom(1024)
+    print('Received from %s:%s.' % addr)
+    reply = 'Hello, %s!' % data.decode('utf-8')
+    s.sendto(reply.encode('utf-8'), addr)

From 59d1de9afc7ba5bb51142629de3d5650b9e3b140 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Apr 2015 10:23:58 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 33/44] add stringio and bytesio

---
 py3/io/do_bytesio.py  | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 py3/io/do_stringio.py | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 35 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/io/do_bytesio.py
 create mode 100755 py3/io/do_stringio.py

diff --git a/py3/io/do_bytesio.py b/py3/io/do_bytesio.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..eb316bd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/io/do_bytesio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from io import BytesIO
+
+# write to BytesIO:
+f = BytesIO()
+f.write(b'hello')
+f.write(b' ')
+f.write(b'world!')
+print(f.getvalue())
+
+# read from BytesIO:
+data = '人闲桂花落，夜静春山空。月出惊山鸟，时鸣春涧中。'.encode('utf-8')
+f = BytesIO(data)
+print(f.read())
diff --git a/py3/io/do_stringio.py b/py3/io/do_stringio.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..dad4f99
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/io/do_stringio.py
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from io import StringIO
+
+# write to StringIO:
+f = StringIO()
+f.write('hello')
+f.write(' ')
+f.write('world!')
+print(f.getvalue())
+
+# read from StringIO:
+f = StringIO('水面细风生，\n菱歌慢慢声。\n客亭临小市，\n灯火夜妆明。')
+while True:
+    s = f.readline()
+    if s == '':
+        break
+    print(s.strip())

From 1f1d535a9996dab0fda46c831a08dd7ba2cb53d7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Apr 2015 15:55:44 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 34/44] add async http client

---
 py3/coroutine/async_wget.py | 26 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 26 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/coroutine/async_wget.py

diff --git a/py3/coroutine/async_wget.py b/py3/coroutine/async_wget.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3a9e6a5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/coroutine/async_wget.py
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import asyncio
+
+@asyncio.coroutine
+def wget(host):
+    print('wget %s...' % host)
+    connect = asyncio.open_connection(host, 80)
+    reader, writer = yield from connect
+    header = 'GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n' % host
+    writer.write(header.encode('utf-8'))
+    yield from writer.drain()
+    while True:
+        line = yield from reader.readline()
+        if line == b'\r\n':
+            break
+        print('%s header > %s' % (host, line.decode('utf-8').rstrip()))
+    # Ignore the body, close the socket
+    writer.close()
+
+loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
+tasks = [asyncio.async(wget(host)) for host in ['www.sina.com.cn', 'www.sohu.com', 'www.163.com']]
+for task in tasks:
+    loop.run_until_complete(task)
+loop.close()

From 565993ea394610bf384446e0f17848e3cd41ab52 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Apr 2015 22:52:17 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 35/44] rename coroutine to async

---
 py3/{coroutine => async}/async_hello.py | 0
 py3/{coroutine => async}/async_wget.py  | 0
 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 rename py3/{coroutine => async}/async_hello.py (100%)
 rename py3/{coroutine => async}/async_wget.py (100%)

diff --git a/py3/coroutine/async_hello.py b/py3/async/async_hello.py
similarity index 100%
rename from py3/coroutine/async_hello.py
rename to py3/async/async_hello.py
diff --git a/py3/coroutine/async_wget.py b/py3/async/async_wget.py
similarity index 100%
rename from py3/coroutine/async_wget.py
rename to py3/async/async_wget.py

From dc7a167a47082cf21af18ab8fca7fea89745d9c3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2015 10:07:31 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 36/44] add yield sample

---
 py3/advance/do_yield.py | 31 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 31 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/advance/do_yield.py

diff --git a/py3/advance/do_yield.py b/py3/advance/do_yield.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b558f62
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/advance/do_yield.py
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import random, math
+
+def rnd(count):
+    while count > 0:
+        count = count - 1
+        r = random.randint(0, 100)
+        print('-- random number --')
+        # 返回随机数r:
+        yield r
+        # 代理返回tri(r)的yield，可能有很多次:
+        ok = yield from tri(r)
+        # 相当于:
+        # for x in tri(r):
+        #     yield x
+        print('-- %s --' % ok)
+    return 'done'
+
+def tri(r):
+    yield r * r
+    yield r * r * r
+    # 相当于: raise StopIteration('ok')
+    return 'ok'
+
+def main():
+    for x in rnd(3):
+        print(x)
+
+main()

From ba8b99576c05d3249aa6e6d0babf70dc81a701c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2015 10:07:58 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 37/44] display thread in coro

---
 py3/async/async_wget.py | 3 +++
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/py3/async/async_wget.py b/py3/async/async_wget.py
index 3a9e6a5..38b807c 100755
--- a/py3/async/async_wget.py
+++ b/py3/async/async_wget.py
@@ -1,11 +1,13 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
+import threading
 import asyncio
 
 @asyncio.coroutine
 def wget(host):
     print('wget %s...' % host)
+    print('current thread: %s' % threading.current_thread())
     connect = asyncio.open_connection(host, 80)
     reader, writer = yield from connect
     header = 'GET / HTTP/1.0\r\nHost: %s\r\n\r\n' % host
@@ -24,3 +26,4 @@ def wget(host):
 for task in tasks:
     loop.run_until_complete(task)
 loop.close()
+print('main thread: %s' % threading.current_thread())

From e9d9ef6c187378872c2f9477637e2c14dc5ecac0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2015 10:25:46 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 38/44] update generator

---
 py3/advance/do_generator.py | 27 ++++++++++++++++++++++++---
 1 file changed, 24 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/py3/advance/do_generator.py b/py3/advance/do_generator.py
index 90cb99c..67cdc5d 100755
--- a/py3/advance/do_generator.py
+++ b/py3/advance/do_generator.py
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
-g = (x * x for x in range(10))
-print(g)
-for x in g:
+s = (x * x for x in range(5))
+print(s)
+for x in s:
     print(x)
 
 def fib(max):
@@ -12,8 +12,29 @@ def fib(max):
         yield b
         a, b = b, a + b
         n = n + 1
+    return 'done'
 
 f = fib(10)
 print('fib(10):', f)
 for x in f:
     print(x)
+
+# call generator manually:
+g = fib(5)
+while 1:
+    try:
+        x = g.send(None)
+        print('g:', x)
+    except StopIteration as e:
+        print('Generator return value:', e.value)
+        break
+
+# call generator using iter:
+i = iter(fib(5))
+while 1:
+    try:
+        r = next(i)
+        print('i:', r)
+    except StopIteration as e:
+        print('Generator return value:', e.value)
+        break

From b491d693d8cf52b9ce941487a247c88a2ef0cd36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2015 10:26:10 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 39/44] add producer/consumer sample

---
 py3/advance/do_prod_cons.py | 27 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 27 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/advance/do_prod_cons.py

diff --git a/py3/advance/do_prod_cons.py b/py3/advance/do_prod_cons.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c4a43d5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/advance/do_prod_cons.py
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import time
+
+def consumer():
+    r = ''
+    while True:
+        n = yield r
+        if not n:
+            return
+        print('[CONSUMER] Consuming %s...' % n)
+        time.sleep(1)
+        r = '200 OK'
+
+def produce(c):
+    c.send(None)
+    n = 0
+    while n < 5:
+        n = n + 1
+        print('[PRODUCER] Producing %s...' % n)
+        r = c.send(n)
+        print('[PRODUCER] Consumer return: %s' % r)
+    c.close()
+
+c = consumer()
+produce(c)

From 06430830634e6fd68d701b2d260d8e065d91d0ca Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 3 Apr 2015 10:27:25 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 40/44] update git ignore

---
 .gitignore | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 0b7acd0..2cc2704 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -31,6 +31,20 @@ pip-log.txt
 .tox
 nosetests.xml
 
+######################
+# OS generated files #
+######################
+.DS_Store
+.DS_Store?
+._*
+.Spotlight-V100
+.Trashes
+Icon?
+ehthumbs.db
+Thumbs.db
+dist
+MANIFEST
+
 # Translations
 *.mo
 

From 88abcd873347178123b94322fb89f1c734c7e95a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2015 19:35:49 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 41/44] add contextlib samples

---
 py3/context/do_closing.py  | 17 +++++++++++++++++
 py3/context/do_suppress.py | 11 +++++++++++
 py3/context/do_with.py     | 14 ++++++++++++++
 3 files changed, 42 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/context/do_closing.py
 create mode 100755 py3/context/do_suppress.py
 create mode 100755 py3/context/do_with.py

diff --git a/py3/context/do_closing.py b/py3/context/do_closing.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..320f1f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/context/do_closing.py
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+@contextmanager
+def closing(fname):
+    f = None
+    try:
+        f = open(fname, 'r')
+        yield f
+    finally:
+        if f:
+            f.close()
+
+with closing('test.txt') as f:
+    print(f.read())
diff --git a/py3/context/do_suppress.py b/py3/context/do_suppress.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3a750c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/context/do_suppress.py
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import os
+
+from contextlib import suppress
+
+with suppress(FileNotFoundError):
+    os.remove('tempfile.1')
+    os.remove('tempfile.2')
+    os.remove('tempfile.3')
diff --git a/py3/context/do_with.py b/py3/context/do_with.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..073399e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/context/do_with.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from contextlib import contextmanager
+
+@contextmanager
+def log(name):
+    print('[%s] start...' % name)
+    yield
+    print('[%s] end.' % name)
+
+with log('DEBUG'):
+    print('Hello, world!')
+    print('Hello, Python!')

From 475fd336bda2f9ad3818dbe18f7951936a275945 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2015 20:45:53 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 42/44] add subprocess sample

---
 py3/multitask/do_subprocess.py | 14 ++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 14 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/multitask/do_subprocess.py

diff --git a/py3/multitask/do_subprocess.py b/py3/multitask/do_subprocess.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4c8b9db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/multitask/do_subprocess.py
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+import subprocess
+
+print('$ nslookup www.python.org')
+r = subprocess.call(['nslookup', 'www.python.org'])
+print('Exit code:', r)
+
+print('$ nslookup')
+p = subprocess.Popen(['nslookup'], stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+output, err = p.communicate(b'set q=mx\npython.org\nexit\n')
+print(output.decode('utf-8'))
+print('Exit code:', p.returncode)

From 808431634ca3954d871176c5a8781069e3e0dc20 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Apr 2015 20:46:04 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 43/44] add enum sample

---
 py3/oop_advance/use_enum.py | 32 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/oop_advance/use_enum.py

diff --git a/py3/oop_advance/use_enum.py b/py3/oop_advance/use_enum.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7d23b30
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/oop_advance/use_enum.py
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+from enum import Enum, unique
+
+@unique
+class Weekday(Enum):
+    Sun = 0
+    Mon = 1
+    Tue = 2
+    Wed = 3
+    Thu = 4
+    Fri = 5
+    Sat = 6
+
+day1 = Weekday.Mon
+
+print('day1 =', day1)
+print('Weekday.Tue =', Weekday.Tue)
+print('Weekday[\'Tue\'] =', Weekday['Tue'])
+print('Weekday.Tue.value =', Weekday.Tue.value)
+print('day1 == Weekday.Mon ?', day1 == Weekday.Mon)
+print('day1 == Weekday.Tue ?', day1 == Weekday.Tue)
+print('day1 == Weekday(1) ?', day1 == Weekday(1))
+
+for name, member in Weekday.__members__.items():
+    print(name, '=>', member)
+
+Month = Enum('Month', ('Jan', 'Feb', 'Mar', 'Apr', 'May', 'Jun', 'Jul', 'Aug', 'Sep', 'Oct', 'Nov', 'Dec'))
+
+for name, member in Month.__members__.items():
+    print(name, '=>', member, ',', member.value)

From ac2aadb95a801704aa37e0066d12bb8dae133e0a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Michael Liao <askxuefeng@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 25 Apr 2015 20:22:38 +0800
Subject: [PATCH 44/44] add prime numbers

---
 py3/functional/prime_numbers.py | 29 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 29 insertions(+)
 create mode 100755 py3/functional/prime_numbers.py

diff --git a/py3/functional/prime_numbers.py b/py3/functional/prime_numbers.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e6a6a9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/py3/functional/prime_numbers.py
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+def main():
+    for n in primes():
+        if n < 1000:
+            print(n)
+        else:
+            break
+
+def _odd_iter():
+    n = 1
+    while True:
+        n = n + 2
+        yield n
+
+def _not_divisible(n):
+    return lambda x: x % n > 0
+
+def primes():
+    yield 2
+    it = _odd_iter()
+    while True:
+        n = next(it)
+        yield n
+        it = filter(_not_divisible(n), it)
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()