• All Python 101 concepts, basic datastructures
• Strings, Lists, Sets, Dict, Tuples - methods, key concepts
• Basic error and exception handling, high level oops concepts

• Python refresher course (I don't recollect which one i used)
  
• Projects and code :
  Refer repository directory: udemy-automate-with-python

From my personal experience taking this route, I learned that while online courses are good for basics, they are unable to cover the depth you could gain by reading ONE book.

python3 -m venv venv
source venv/bin/activate

See - string_basics.py

• 101 - Install, Know how to print, compile and run python programs
• Write comments - #
• String key concepts:
  • f" to format strings shell style - f"{first_name} {last_name}
  • String case conversions - title(), upper(), lower()
  • newlines and tabs - \n and \t
  • stripping whitespace - lstrip(), rstrip(), strip()
  • prefix methods - removePrefix(), removeSuffix()
• Can you slice a string? What is the rule to remember when slicing?
• How does slicing with step values work?
• How to reverse a string
• How to find a substring within a given string
• What is the difference between find and index methods in string?

See - operators_basics.py

• What are the membership check operators in python?
• What are the common operators in python?
• What is the difference between // and / division operator in python? (Hint: Integer division vs floating point)
• What are the membership operators in python?
• What are the identity operators in python?
• Explain Operator Precedence (hint: P E D M A S rule)

**See Shallow vs deep copy

• What is the difference between shallow and deep copy?
• What are the immutable data types in python, which are mutable?
• Explain Python pass-by-object-reference concept, how to make data immutable, what are the equivalent immutable types of mutable types?

Skipping practice for number basics -

• REPL shell - +, -
• Using underscores in numbers to make it more readable

See list_basics.py

• List basics - add elements, find elements, remove elements
• Sorting a list - sort(), sorted(), reverse(), sort(reverse=True)
• When is sorted useful over sort (Hint: Immutable data structures where inplace sorting won't work)
• List Comprehension
• List slicing
• List copying
• Find Size of a list or tuple
• How to check if list is empty?
• How to check if list is not empty? (Hint: Implicit boolean, pythonic)
• Remove duplicates from a list
• How to skip count in a list?
• What is the difference between sequence-controlled iteration and sentinel controlled iteration?
• Explain how tuple unpacking works? when is it useful? (hint: see gcd-with-tuple-unpacking)

Recollection questions-

• What is the difference between sort() and sorted()?
• What is the difference between reverse(), and sort(reverse=True)?
• How to retrieve last element from a list?
• How to slice a list?
• What is the index inclusion/exclusion in a range(0, 10) ?
• What is the index inclusion/exclusion in a slice[0:10] ?
• How to replace a slice of a list with another list? see - slicing_tricks

See loop_basics.py

• Simple for loop
• How to exit a for loop if something is found?
• Numerical loops with range
• Iterating a sliced list
• loops with list comprehension
• Explain while-else? When does the else condition set after the while statement fail to execute?
• Explain what does continue placed in a for loop do?
• Explain usage of enumerate, when can this be used

See tuples_basics.py

• A tuple is an "unmodifiable" or "immutable" list
• List -> Tuple, Tuple -> List
• Slicing a tuple - How to skip count when slicing a tuple?
• Can you slice a string?
• iterating a tuple
• Merge two lists - 2 techniques - using +, using extend() - recollect what is the difference in these two techniques
• Explain the use of zip data structure, when is it useful?

See dictionary_basics.py

• Using dictionaries
• Modifying value in a dictionary for one of the keys
• Deleting a key from a dictionary (3 ways). How to empty a dictionary?
• What is the difference between using square brackets to retrieve a value from a dictionary vs using get()
• Iterating dictionaries using items(), keys(), values()
• What is the default behaviour when neither of the 3 options above are qualified in a for loop explicitly, i.e., keys values are not specified in looping condition?
• Accessing elements from dictionaries
• How to convert a dictionary to kwargs?
• Printing kwargs, accessing individual elements in kwargs

See set_basics.py

• What type of data can be added to set? (hint - hashable vs unhashable)
• Recollect methods for set operations
• Difference between remove and discard
• Union, Intersection and symmetric differences in sets

See conditional_basics.py

• learn if-else-elif pattern
• learn usage of in and not in pattern
• iterating through list using conditionals along the way

Hashing concept in python Hashing example

• What makes a data structure hashable?
• What is the real life use case to use a hashable data structure over a non-hashable data structure?

See user_inputs.py

• User inputs
• while loop - repeating user input until condition is not satisfied
• How to exit a while loop?
• Can you think of a way to populate a dictionary using user inputs?

Function basics See - functions_basics.py

• What are the 2 ways of passing arguments to functions? What is the default?
• In what order should default values be passed to a function?
• How to pass keyword arguments to pass values to functions?
• Pitfalls of positional arguments?
• How to make a specific argument passed to a method as optional?
  • for e.g., - among first_name, middle_name, last_name how to make middle_name optional
• How to prevent a function from modifying an original copy of a list data structure?
• What is the significance of / and * when used in a function parameter?
• Why/when to define *args and **kwargs in a function parameter?

Yield / Generator concept, see Yield and Generators

• How does yield keyword work, what does it return?
• What is the exception type thrown by yield when the iteration ends ?

Python Scopes - see scopes.py

• What are the scopes in python, where a variable will be looked up to be resolved?
  • Hint: LEGB principle (Local -> Enclosed -> Global -> Built-ins)
• Functions can be declared in local scopes as well, they can access variables in both local and global scopes
• Global and nonlocal variables

Programming paradigms

• Imperative (procedural, structured, OOPS)
• Declarative (SQL style, Functional programming)

A pure function has only input and output - no side effects. Haskell - purely functional - no loops

• Define Higher Order functions - higher_order_functions.py:

• Function that takes another function as input
• Lambda functions, anonymous functions etc.,

• Explain the concept of currying from the perspective of functional programming, see currying.py
• How to use a lambda function?
• Explain use of map, filter, reduce, any, all. see lambda_functions.py
• Explain list comprehension, set comprehension and dict comprehension. What data structure helps in dict comprehension?

Python Modules See restaurants.py

• Are there any restrictions in where the positional arguments or kwargs can be located in a function declaration? (hint: yes, at the end)
• Recollect the different ways to import modules and functions in python. How to import all the functions in a module?
• How does relative import work in python. Explain how to import python-concepts/restaurants/restaurant.py in another module projects/tryit/ex1.py
• What is the IDE setting if imports doesn't resolve (hint: Mark as sources root)
• What's the difference between package and module in python?

Working with Classes, see - Classes exercises

See Example with class instantiation and relative imports

• How does inheritance work in python?
• How to access variables in parent class in child class?
• How to import multiple classes from a module?
• How to import entire module?
• How does alias help in imports?
• How encapsulation works with Python, how can this be applied to OOPS concepts
• How polymorphism works in python? See - polymorphism example
• How can you make a variable private / protected in python? (Hint - __ for private _ for protected)
• How does @abstractmethod work (hint - explain super() as well)

Difference between static and non-static variables in python

Python Standard library

• Example for random and using randInt, see Random Dice
• Example for random.sample, see Lottery analysis
• Class naming conventions (hint: )

Working With Files, see Files Basics

• How to open a file path and print contents?
• How to split a file to lines, then concatenate it without whitespace characters

Exception Handling, see exception basics

• What happens if a try-except block is not defined and error occurs?
• How to execute a condition only if try block was successful?
• Explain use of finally
• What is the use of with in modules that come supported with this feature (eg: open())

JSON Module, see storing data basics

• What is the difference between json.dumps() and json.loads(), when to use this?