tupa

See also: Appendix:Variations of "tupa"

Catalan

Verb

tupa

1. inflection of tupar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Finnish

The tupa of a farmhouse, with a big stove primarily for cooking.

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tupa (compare Estonian tuba, Livonian tubā), borrowed from Germanic (compare Icelandic stofa, German Stube, Swedish stuga).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈtupɑ/, [ˈt̪upɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -upɑ
• Syllabification^(key): tu‧pa
• Hyphenation^(key): tu‧pa

Noun

tupa

1. living room, main room (especially in a farmhouse or older house, where it doubles as a kitchen)
2. cottage or cot, especially one with only one room
3. (in compounds, uncommon on its own) room, particularly one detached from others

   Synonym: huone

4. (military) ellipsis of miehistötupa (“(open-bay) barracks room for the rank and file”)

Declension

Inflection of tupa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p–v gradation)
nominative	tupa	tuvat
genitive	tuvan	tupien
partitive	tupaa	tupia
illative	tupaan	tupiin
	singular	plural
nominative	tupa	tuvat
accusative	nom.	tupa	tuvat
gen.	tuvan
genitive	tuvan	tupien tupain rare
partitive	tupaa	tupia
inessive	tuvassa	tuvissa
elative	tuvasta	tuvista
illative	tupaan	tupiin
adessive	tuvalla	tuvilla
ablative	tuvalta	tuvilta
allative	tuvalle	tuville
essive	tupana	tupina
translative	tuvaksi	tuviksi
abessive	tuvatta	tuvitta
instructive	—	tuvin
comitative	See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of tupa (Kotus type 10*E/koira, p–v gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tupani tupani accusative nom. tupani tupani gen. tupani genitive tupani tupieni tupaini rare partitive tupaani tupiani inessive tuvassani tuvissani elative tuvastani tuvistani illative tupaani tupiini adessive tuvallani tuvillani ablative tuvaltani tuviltani allative tuvalleni tuvilleni essive tupanani tupinani translative tuvakseni tuvikseni abessive tuvattani tuvittani instructive — — comitative — tupineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative tupasi tupasi accusative nom. tupasi tupasi gen. tupasi genitive tupasi tupiesi tupaisi rare partitive tupaasi tupiasi inessive tuvassasi tuvissasi elative tuvastasi tuvistasi illative tupaasi tupiisi adessive tuvallasi tuvillasi ablative tuvaltasi tuviltasi allative tuvallesi tuvillesi essive tupanasi tupinasi translative tuvaksesi tuviksesi abessive tuvattasi tuvittasi instructive — — comitative — tupinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tupamme tupamme accusative nom. tupamme tupamme gen. tupamme genitive tupamme tupiemme tupaimme rare partitive tupaamme tupiamme inessive tuvassamme tuvissamme elative tuvastamme tuvistamme illative tupaamme tupiimme adessive tuvallamme tuvillamme ablative tuvaltamme tuviltamme allative tuvallemme tuvillemme essive tupanamme tupinamme translative tuvaksemme tuviksemme abessive tuvattamme tuvittamme instructive — — comitative — tupinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative tupanne tupanne accusative nom. tupanne tupanne gen. tupanne genitive tupanne tupienne tupainne rare partitive tupaanne tupianne inessive tuvassanne tuvissanne elative tuvastanne tuvistanne illative tupaanne tupiinne adessive tuvallanne tuvillanne ablative tuvaltanne tuviltanne allative tuvallenne tuvillenne essive tupananne tupinanne translative tuvaksenne tuviksenne abessive tuvattanne tuvittanne instructive — — comitative — tupinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative tupansa tupansa accusative nom. tupansa tupansa gen. tupansa genitive tupansa tupiensa tupainsa rare partitive tupaansa tupiaan tupiansa inessive tuvassaan tuvassansa tuvissaan tuvissansa elative tuvastaan tuvastansa tuvistaan tuvistansa illative tupaansa tupiinsa adessive tuvallaan tuvallansa tuvillaan tuvillansa ablative tuvaltaan tuvaltansa tuviltaan tuviltansa allative tuvalleen tuvallensa tuvilleen tuvillensa essive tupanaan tupanansa tupinaan tupinansa translative tuvakseen tuvaksensa tuvikseen tuviksensa abessive tuvattaan tuvattansa tuvittaan tuvittansa instructive — — comitative — tupineen tupinensa

Derived terms

• Tupala

compounds

• Alitupa
• autiotupa
• hollitupa
• Isotupa
• kaivostupa
• kirkkotupa
• käräjätupa
• lakitupa
• leivintupa
• miehistötupa
• mäkitupa
• oluttupa
• paritupa
• pesutupa
• pyykkitupa
• renkitupa
• sairastupa
• savutupa
• takkatupa
• taukotupa
• teetupa
• tietotupa
• tunturitupa
• tupaantuliainen
• tupaantuliaiset
• tupajumi
• tupajäärä
• tupakaveri
• tupakeittiö
• Tupamäki
• tupatarkastus
• tuulentupa
• työtupa
• Uusitupa
• vahtitupa
• varaustupa
• vartiotupa
• vierastupa
• väentupa
• yksitupainen

idioms

• antaa tulla lunta tupaan

Further reading

• “tupa”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 3 July 2023

Anagrams

• patu

Ingrian

Tupa.

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tupa. Cognates include Finnish tupa and Estonian tuba.

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈtupɑ/, [ˈtupɑˑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈtupɑ/, [ˈtub̥ɑˑ]
• (Hevaha) IPA^(key): /ˈtupɑ/, [ˈtub̥ɑˑ]
• Rhymes: -upɑ
• Hyphenation: tu‧pa

Noun

tupa

1. living room
   • 1937, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (toin osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 45:

     Möö kera kaik lampockat ripussimma ommaa tuppaa.

     We also all hung up lights in our own living room.

Declension

Declension of tupa (type 3/koira, p-v gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	tupa	tuvat
genitive	tuvan	tuppiin
partitive	tuppaa	tuppia
illative	tuppaa	tuppii
inessive	tuvas	tuvis
elative	tuvast	tuvist
allative	tuvalle	tuville
adessive	tuval	tuvil
ablative	tuvalt	tuvilt
translative	tuvaks	tuviks
essive	tupanna, tuppaan	tupinna, tuppiin
exessive1)	tupant	tupint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Synonyms

• pertti

Derived terms

• tupakärpäin

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971), Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 603
• Arvo Laanest (1997), Isuri keele Hevaha murde sõnastik, Eesti Keele Instituut, page 202

Lower Sorbian

Adjective

tupa

1. feminine nominative singular of tupy

Paraguayan Guarani

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tuˈpa]
• Rhymes: -a

Noun

tupa (dependent form rupa, third-person possessed form hupa)

1. bed

References

• Canese, Natalia Krivoshein de; Alcaraz, Feliciano Acosta (2016), “tupa”, in Ñe’ẽryru [Dictionary] (overall work in Spanish), Asunción: Instituto Superior de Lenguas, →ISBN, page 111, column 1

Quechua

Adjective

tupa

1. noble, worthy, of exceptional quality
2. a title of honor

See also

• tupaq

Noun

tupa

1. a kind of tree with soft and light fibers
2. (medicine) sputum
3. (textiles) a shed stick

Declension

Declension of tupa

	singular	plural
nominative	tupa	tupakuna
accusative	tupata	tupakunata
dative	tupaman	tupakunaman
genitive	tupap	tupakunap
locative	tupapi	tupakunapi
terminative	tupakama	tupakunakama
ablative	tupamanta	tupakunamanta
instrumental	tupawan	tupakunawan
comitative	tupantin	tupakunantin
abessive	tupannaq	tupakunannaq
comparative	tupahina	tupakunahina
causative	tuparayku	tupakunarayku
benefactive	tupapaq	tupakunapaq
associative	tupapura	tupakunapura
distributive	tupanka	tupakunanka
exclusive	tupalla	tupakunalla

Possessive forms of tupa

ñuqap - first-person singular ñuqap (my) singular plural nominative tupay tupaykuna accusative tupayta tupaykunata dative tupayman tupaykunaman genitive tupaypa tupaykunap locative tupaypi tupaykunapi terminative tupaykama tupaykunakama ablative tupaymanta tupaykunamanta instrumental tupaywan tupaykunawan comitative tupaynintin tupaykunantin abessive tupayninnaq tupaykunannaq comparative tupayhina tupaykunahina causative tupayrayku tupaykunarayku benefactive tupaypaq tupaykunapaq associative tupaypura tupaykunapura distributive tupayninka tupaykunanka exclusive tupaylla tupaykunalla qampa - second-person singular qampa (your) singular plural nominative tupayki tupaykikuna accusative tupaykita tupaykikunata dative tupaykiman tupaykikunaman genitive tupaykipa tupaykikunap locative tupaykipi tupaykikunapi terminative tupaykikama tupaykikunakama ablative tupaykimanta tupaykikunamanta instrumental tupaykiwan tupaykikunawan comitative tupaykintin tupaykikunantin abessive tupaykinnaq tupaykikunannaq comparative tupaykihina tupaykikunahina causative tupaykirayku tupaykikunarayku benefactive tupaykipaq tupaykikunapaq associative tupaykipura tupaykikunapura distributive tupaykinka tupaykikunanka exclusive tupaykilla tupaykikunalla paypa - third-person singular paypa (his/her/its) singular plural nominative tupan tupankuna accusative tupanta tupankunata dative tupanman tupankunaman genitive tupanpa tupankunap locative tupanpi tupankunapi terminative tupankama tupankunakama ablative tupanmanta tupankunamanta instrumental tupanwan tupankunawan comitative tupanintin tupankunantin abessive tupanninnaq tupankunannaq comparative tupanhina tupankunahina causative tupanrayku tupankunarayku benefactive tupanpaq tupankunapaq associative tupanpura tupankunapura distributive tupaninka tupankunanka exclusive tupanlla tupankunalla ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) singular plural nominative tupanchik tupanchikkuna accusative tupanchikta tupanchikkunata dative tupanchikman tupanchikkunaman genitive tupanchikpa tupanchikkunap locative tupanchikpi tupanchikkunapi terminative tupanchikkama tupanchikkunakama ablative tupanchikmanta tupanchikkunamanta instrumental tupanchikwan tupanchikkunawan comitative tupanchiknintin tupanchikkunantin abessive tupanchikninnaq tupanchikkunannaq comparative tupanchikhina tupanchikkunahina causative tupanchikrayku tupanchikkunarayku benefactive tupanchikpaq tupanchikkunapaq associative tupanchikpura tupanchikkunapura distributive tupanchikninka tupanchikkunanka exclusive tupanchiklla tupanchikkunalla ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural ñuqaykup (our(excl)) singular plural nominative tupayku tupaykukuna accusative tupaykuta tupaykukunata dative tupaykuman tupaykukunaman genitive tupaykupa tupaykukunap locative tupaykupi tupaykukunapi terminative tupaykukama tupaykukunakama ablative tupaykumanta tupaykukunamanta instrumental tupaykuwan tupaykukunawan comitative tupaykuntin tupaykukunantin abessive tupaykunnaq tupaykukunannaq comparative tupaykuhina tupaykukunahina causative tupaykurayku tupaykukunarayku benefactive tupaykupaq tupaykukunapaq associative tupaykupura tupaykukunapura distributive tupaykunka tupaykukunanka exclusive tupaykulla tupaykukunalla qamkunap - second-person plural qamkunap (your(pl)) singular plural nominative tupaykichik tupaykichikkuna accusative tupaykichikta tupaykichikkunata dative tupaykichikman tupaykichikkunaman genitive tupaykichikpa tupaykichikkunap locative tupaykichikpi tupaykichikkunapi terminative tupaykichikkama tupaykichikkunakama ablative tupaykichikmanta tupaykichikkunamanta instrumental tupaykichikwan tupaykichikkunawan comitative tupaykichiknintin tupaykichikkunantin abessive tupaykichikninnaq tupaykichikkunannaq comparative tupaykichikhina tupaykichikkunahina causative tupaykichikrayku tupaykichikkunarayku benefactive tupaykichikpaq tupaykichikkunapaq associative tupaykichikpura tupaykichikkunapura distributive tupaykichikninka tupaykichikkunanka exclusive tupaykichiklla tupaykichikkunalla paykunap - third-person plural paykunap (their) singular plural nominative tupanku tupankukuna accusative tupankuta tupankukunata dative tupankuman tupankukunaman genitive tupankupa tupankukunap locative tupankupi tupankukunapi terminative tupankukama tupankukunakama ablative tupankumanta tupankukunamanta instrumental tupankuwan tupankukunawan comitative tupankuntin tupankukunantin abessive tupankunnaq tupankukunannaq comparative tupankuhina tupankukunahina causative tupankurayku tupankukunarayku benefactive tupankupaq tupankukunapaq associative tupankupura tupankukunapura distributive tupankunka tupankukunanka exclusive tupankulla tupankukunalla

Rapa Nui

Noun

tupa

1. round stone structure used by astronomer-priests

Usage notes

Except for coastal houses with this specific use, use hare oka.

Spanish

Noun

tupa f (plural tupas)

1. Lobelia tupa

Verb

tupa

1. inflection of tupir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Swahili

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Noun

tupa class IX (plural tupa class X)

1. rasp

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Sabaki *-cupa, possibly from Proto-Bantu *-cʊ̀pa (“to pour”). Inherited through a Northern dialect. Cognate with Giryama -tsuha and Digo -tsuβa.

Pronunciation

• (Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.pɑ/
• (Kimvita) IPA^(key): /ˈt̪u.pɑ/

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-tupa (infinitive kutupa)

1. to throw
2. to throw away, discard, dispose
3. to abandon, to desert
4. (Sheng) to smell

Conjugation

Conjugation of -tupa
Positive present -natupa Subjunctive -tupe Negative -tupi Imperative singular tupa
Infinitives
Positive kutupa Negative kutotupa
Imperatives
Singular tupa Plural tupeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hutupa Positive past positive subject concord + -litupa Negative past negative subject concord + -kutupa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -natupa) Singular Plural 1st person ninatupa/natupa tunatupa 2nd person unatupa mnatupa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anatupa wanatupa other classes positive subject concord + -natupa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -tupi) Singular Plural 1st person situpi hatutupi 2nd person hutupi hamtupi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hatupi hawatupi other classes negative subject concord + -tupi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tatupa Negative future negative subject concord + -tatupa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -tupe) Singular Plural 1st person nitupe tutupe 2nd person utupe mtupe 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atupe watupe other classes positive subject concord + -tupe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -situpe Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngetupa Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singetupa Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalitupa Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalitupa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -atupa) Singular Plural 1st person natupa twatupa 2nd person watupa mwatupa 3rd person m-wa(I/II) atupa watupa m-mi(III/IV) watupa yatupa ji-ma(V/VI) latupa yatupa ki-vi(VII/VIII) chatupa vyatupa n(IX/X) yatupa zatupa u(XI) watupa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwatupa pa(XVI) patupa mu(XVIII) mwatupa
Perfect positive subject concord + -metupa "Already" positive subject concord + -meshatupa "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jatupa "If/When" positive subject concord + -kitupa "If not" positive subject concord + -sipotupa Consecutive katupa / positive subject concord + -katupa Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -katupe
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nitupa -tutupa 2nd person -kutupa -watupa/-kutupeni/-watupeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mtupa -watupa m-mi(III/IV) -utupa -itupa ji-ma(V/VI) -litupa -yatupa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kitupa -vitupa n(IX/X) -itupa -zitupa u(XI) -utupa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kutupa pa(XVI) -patupa mu(XVIII) -mutupa Reflexive -jitupa
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -tupa- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -tupaye -tupao m-mi(III/IV) -tupao -tupayo ji-ma(V/VI) -tupalo -tupayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -tupacho -tupavyo n(IX/X) -tupayo -tupazo u(XI) -tupao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -tupako pa(XVI) -tupapo mu(XVIII) -tupamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -tupa) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yetupa -otupa m-mi(III/IV) -otupa -yotupa ji-ma(V/VI) -lotupa -yotupa ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chotupa -vyotupa n(IX/X) -yotupa -zotupa u(XI) -otupa see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kotupa pa(XVI) -potupa mu(XVIII) -motupa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -tupia
  • Causative: -tupisha
  • Passive: -tupwa
  • Stative: -tupika

• Nominal derivations:
  • utupaji (“throwing; disposal”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (Unguja standard) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.pɑ/
• (Kimvita) IPA^(key): /ˈtu.pɑ/

Verb

-tupa (inf kutupa)

1. -tu- (first-person plural object concord) with indicative of -pa (“to give to us”)

Tagalog

Alternative forms

• topa — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish topa (“it hits; it knocks”), third-person singular present indicative of topar (“to knock against; to bump into; to collide; to ram”) because sheep bump into each other when fighting. Alternatively, Potet (2016) posits the etymology to be from Tamil ஆட்டுப்பட்டி (āṭṭuppaṭṭi, “flock of sheep”). Sheep are not native to the Philippines. Compare Sambali topa. Etymologically unrelated to English tup.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈtupa/ [ˈt̪uː.pɐ]
• Rhymes: -upa
• Syllabification: tu‧pa

Noun

tupa (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜉ)

1. sheep; lamb

   Synonyms: karnero, obeha

2. mutton

   Synonyms: karneng-tupa, karnero

3. (figurative) weak or stupid person

Derived terms

• anak ng tupa
• itim na tupa
• karneng-tupa
• maamong tupa

Related terms

• tope
• Tupa
• tupada

See also

• kordero

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /tuˈpaʔ/ [t̪ʊˈpaʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: tu‧pa

Noun

tupâ (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜉ)

1. alternative form of tipa

Derived terms

• pagtupa
• tumupa
• tupaan
• tupain

Etymology 3

Unknown. Compare Spanish topar (“to bump; to clash with another”). See also etymology 1.

Pronunciation

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /tuˈpa/ [t̪ʊˈpa]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: tu‧pa

Noun

tupá (Baybayin spelling ᜆᜓᜉ)

1. exchange of reasoning between two sides

Derived terms

• magtupa
• magtupahan
• pagtupa

Further reading

• “tupa”, in KWF Diksiyonaryo ng Wikang Filipino, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino, 2025
• “tupa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018
• Noceda, Fr. Juan José de; Sanlucar, Fr. Pedro de (1860), Vocabulario de la lengua tagala, compuesto por varios religiosos doctos y graves, y coordinado por…, ultimamente aumentado y corregido por varios religiosos de la Orden de Agustinos calzados.‎^[2] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: Ramírez y Giraudier.
• Santos, Fr. Domingo de los (1835), Vocabulario de la lengua Tagala, primera y segunda parte. En la primera, se pone primero el Castellano, y despues el Tagalo. Y en la segunda al contrario, que son las raíces simples con sus acentos.‎^[3] (overall work in Spanish and Classical Tagalog), Manila: La Imprenta nueva de D. José María Dayot, por Tomás Oliva.
• San Buena Ventura, Fr. Pedro de (1613), Vocabulario de lengua tagala. El romance castellano puesto primero. Primera, y segunda parte.‎^[4] (overall work in Early Modern Spanish and Classical Tagalog), as directed by Gov. Gen. Juan de Silva, Pila, Laguna: La noble Villa de Pila, por Tomás Pinpin y Domingo Loag., page 149: “Carnero) Topa (pp) C. de caſtilla llamanle anſi porque topa”
• Lendoyro, Constantino (1902), The Tagalog Language: A Comprehensive Grammatical Treatise Adapted to Self-instruction and Particularly Designed for Use of Those Engaged in Government Service Or in Business Or Trade in the Philippines‎^[5], "El Mercantil
• Potet, Jean-Paul G. (2016), Tagalog Borrowings and Cognates, Lulu Press, →ISBN, page 303

Anagrams

• upat, puta

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *tupa.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA^(key): /ˈtupɑ/, [ˈtupɑ]
• (Jõgõperä) IPA^(key): /ˈtupɑ/, [ˈtupɑ]
• Rhymes: -upɑ
• Hyphenation: tu‧pa

Noun

tupa

1. main room, living room

Inflection

Declension of tupa (type V/poikõ, p-v gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	tupa	tuvad
genitive	tuva	tupijõ
partitive	tuppa	tupiit
illative	tuppa, tuppasõ	tupiisõ
inessive	tuvaz	tupiiz
elative	tuvass	tupiiss
allative	tuvallõ	tupiillõ
adessive	tuvall	tupiill
ablative	tuvalt	tupiilt
translative	tuvassi	tupiissi
'Standardized' inflection based on the Vaipooli dialects; see WT:AVOT. For dialectal differences between case endings, see Appendix:Votic dialects. *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “tupa”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎^[6], 2nd edition, Tallinn