rubidus

English

Etymology

From Latin rubidus.

Noun

rubidus (plural rubiduses)

1. A butterfly, hybrid between the viceroy (Limenitis archippus) and the red-spotted purple (Limenitis arthemis astyanax).

Latin

Etymology 1

From Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) +‎ -idus. The different ablaut grade from rubeō suggests that the adjective is not directly derived from the stative verb. Probably most closely related to rōbus and rōbīgō.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈruː.bɪ.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈruː.bi.dus]

Adjective

rūbidus (feminine rūbida, neuter rūbidum); first/second-declension adjective

1. dark red
   • c. 200 BCE, Plautus, Stichus 230 (iambic senarius):

     robiginosam strigilem, ampullam rubidam

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • c. 177 CE, Aulus Gellius, Noctes Atticae 2.26.14:

     "Rubidus" autem est rufus atrior et nigrore multo inustus

     However, "rubidus" is a darker red and burned with much blackness.

2. (of bread, precise meaning uncertain) red-brown (or) twice-baked (or) partially baked
   • c. 180 BCE, Plautus, Casina 2.5.1–3 (iambic senarius):

     Una edepol opera in furnum calidum condito
     Atque ibi torreto me pro pane rubido,
     Era, qua istuc opera a me impetres quod postulas.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rūbidus	rūbida	rūbidum	rūbidī	rūbidae	rūbida
genitive	rūbidī	rūbidae	rūbidī	rūbidōrum	rūbidārum	rūbidōrum
dative	rūbidō	rūbidae	rūbidō	rūbidīs
accusative	rūbidum	rūbidam	rūbidum	rūbidōs	rūbidās	rūbida
ablative	rūbidō	rūbidā	rūbidō	rūbidīs
vocative	rūbide	rūbida	rūbidum	rūbidī	rūbidae	rūbida

Etymology 2

From rubeō and -idus. Appears to have a different meaning from rūbidus. Attested since the 1st century AD alongside the proliferation of derived color terms with -idus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈrʊ.bɪ.dʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈruː.bi.dus]

Adjective

rubidus (feminine rubida, neuter rubidum); first/second-declension adjective

1. red in color, appearing red

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	rubidus	rubida	rubidum	rubidī	rubidae	rubida
genitive	rubidī	rubidae	rubidī	rubidōrum	rubidārum	rubidōrum
dative	rubidō	rubidae	rubidō	rubidīs
accusative	rubidum	rubidam	rubidum	rubidōs	rubidās	rubida
ablative	rubidō	rubidā	rubidō	rubidīs
vocative	rubide	rubida	rubidum	rubidī	rubidae	rubida

Related terms

• rubor

See also

Colors in Classical and Old Latin · colōrēs (layout · text)

albus, candidus, cānus, marmoreus (poetic), eburneus (poetic), niveus (poetic), argenteus (poetic), lacteus (poetic)	pullus, fuscus, aquilus, mūrīnus (of livestock)	āter, niger, furvus, piceus (poetic)
rūfus, russus, ruber, flammeus (poetic), rōbus (of oxen), burrus; pūniceus, spādīx (poetic), sanguineus (poetic)	rutilus, fulvus (poetic), rāvus (of eyes), aureus (poetic), croceus (poetic); rūbidus, niger (of eyes), badius (of horses)	lūteus, flāvus, lūridus, pallidus, gilvus (of horses), helvus (of cattle); cēreus (poetic)
viridis, flāvus (poetic)	viridis, herbeus, fulvus (poetic)	viridis, glaucus, caeruleus (poetic, only dark)
	glaucus, caesius (of eyes)	caeruleus, līvidus, ferrūgineus (poetic), glaucus
violāceus	purpureus (underlying shade)	roseus

Further reading

• “rubidus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “rubidus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.