medicus

Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch medicus, borrowed from Latin medicus.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmeː.diˌkʏs/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: me‧di‧cus

Noun

medicus m (plural medici, diminutive medicusje n, feminine medica)

1. doctor, physician

Synonyms

• arts
• dokter
• geneesheer

Descendants

• Afrikaans: medikus

Latin

Etymology 1

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *med-

Proto-Indo-European *-os

Proto-Italic *medos

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁ti

Proto-Indo-European *-yeti

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁yeti

Proto-Italic *-ējō

Proto-Indo-European *-éh₁tiinflu.

Proto-Italic *-ēō

Latin -eō

Latin medeor

Proto-Indo-European *-kos

Proto-Indo-European *-ikos

Proto-Italic *-ikos

Latin -icus

Latin medicus

From medeor (“heal, cure”) + -icus.

Prósper rejects this derivation due to the fact -icus generally does not attach to verb stems. She instead opts to posit medicus as a thematicization of Proto-Italic *meddiks.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈmɛ.dɪ.kʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈmɛː.di.kus]

Adjective

medicus (feminine medica, neuter medicum); first/second-declension adjective

1. healing, curative, medical
2. magic

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	medicus	medica	medicum	medicī	medicae	medica
genitive	medicī	medicae	medicī	medicōrum	medicārum	medicōrum
dative	medicō	medicae	medicō	medicīs
accusative	medicum	medicam	medicum	medicōs	medicās	medica
ablative	medicō	medicā	medicō	medicīs
vocative	medice	medica	medicum	medicī	medicae	medica

Noun

medicus m (genitive medicī); second declension

1. doctor, physician, surgeon

   Nuper erat medicus, nunc est vespillo Diaulus:
     quod vespillo facit, fecerat et medicus.

   Lately was Diaulus a doctor, now he is an undertaker. What he now does as an undertaker, he had done as a doctor before — Martial 1.47

   Medice, cura teipsum. (Lucas 4:23)

   Physician, heal thyself. (Luke 4:23)

Declension

Second-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	medicus	medicī
genitive	medicī	medicōrum
dative	medicō	medicīs
accusative	medicum	medicōs
ablative	medicō	medicīs
vocative	medice	medicī

Derived terms

• medica
• medicīnus
• medicō
• medicor

Descendants

• Italo-Romance:
  • Dalmatian: medco
  • Italian: medico, medeco (regional variant); Medici
  • Neapolitan: miedeco
  • Sicilian: medicu
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: miedi
  • Ligurian: mêgo
  • Romansh: medi, miedi, meidi
  • Venetan: medego, miedego
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: metge
  • Franco-Provençal: mêjo
  • Old French: mege, miege, mirie, mire
    • French: mège, meige, mire (all archaic)
  • Walloon: méde
  • Occitan: mètge
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: medicu, meicu, megu, meigu
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: mélicu
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Proto-Albanian: *mʲeðək
    • Albanian: mjek
  • → Proto-Brythonic: *meðɨg
    • Middle Breton: mezec
      • Breton: mezeg
    • Old Cornish: medhec
      • Middle Cornish: methek
        • Cornish: medhek
    • Middle Welsh: meðyc
      • Welsh: meddyg

Later borrowings

• → Aromanian: medicu
• → Dutch: medicus
• → English: medic
• → Polish: medyk
• → Portuguese: médico
• → Romanian: medic
• → Russian: медик (medik)
• → Spanish: médico
  • → Asturian: médicu

Etymology 2

From Mēdus (“Mede”) + -icus.

Alternative forms

• Mēdicus

Adjective

mēdicus (feminine mēdica, neuter mēdicum); first/second-declension adjective

1. Median, Median language

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

	singular		plural
	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	mēdicus	mēdica	mēdicum	mēdicī	mēdicae	mēdica
genitive	mēdicī	mēdicae	mēdicī	mēdicōrum	mēdicārum	mēdicōrum
dative	mēdicō	mēdicae	mēdicō	mēdicīs
accusative	mēdicum	mēdicam	mēdicum	mēdicōs	mēdicās	mēdica
ablative	mēdicō	mēdicā	mēdicō	mēdicīs
vocative	mēdice	mēdica	mēdicum	mēdicī	mēdicae	mēdica

Descendants

• ⇒ Vulgar Latin: *melica
  • Asturian: mielga, mielgu
  • Catalan: melca, melga
  • Galician: melga
  • Spanish: mielga

Further reading

• “medicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “medicus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "medicus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “medicus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be a philosopher, physician by profession: se philosophum, medicum (esse) profiteri
    
• “medicus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “medicus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin