lardum

Latin

Alternative forms

• lāridum

Etymology

From earlier lāridum; according to De Vaan, most likely cognate with or borrowed from Ancient Greek λαρινός (larinós, “fat, fattened”) and λαρός (larós, “sweet”), though Italic derivations have also been suggested.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɫaːr.dũː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈlar.dum]

Noun

lārdum n (genitive lārdī); second declension

1. bacon fat, lard.
   • c. 35 BCE, Horatius, Sermones 2.6.57–67:

     Iurantem me scire nihil mirantur ut unum
     scilicet egregii mortalem altique silenti.
     perditur haec inter misero lux non sine votis:
     o rus, quando ego te adspiciam quandoque licebit
     nunc veterum libris, nunc somno et inertibus horis
     ducere sollicitae iucunda oblivia vitae?
     o quando faba Pythagorae cognata simulque
     uncta satis pingui ponentur holuscula lardo?
     o noctes cenaeque deum, quibus ipse meique
     ante Larem proprium vescor vernasque procacis
     pasco libatis dapibus.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 8 CE, Ovidius, Fasti VI.169–170:

     Pinguia cur illis gustentur larda Kalendis
     mixtaque cum calido sit faba farre rogas?
     Prisca dea [Crana] est, aliturque cibis quibus ante solebat,
     nec petit adscitas luxuriosa dapes.

     Wherefore ask why fat-drenched bacon is by her during these Kalends so appreciated, why beans are so prepared with heaten wheat? Crana is a goddess of old, she feeds on what she then and always has fed on, she in her own luxury doesn't long for new and strange dishes.

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	lārdum	lārda
genitive	lārdī	lārdōrum
dative	lārdō	lārdīs
accusative	lārdum	lārda
ablative	lārdō	lārdīs
vocative	lārdum	lārda

Descendants

• Catalan: llard
• Old French: lard
  • → Middle English: lard
    • English: lard
  • French: lard
• Galician: lardo
• Istro-Romanian: lård
• Italian: lardo
  • → English: lardo
• Piedmontese: lard
• Romanian: lard
• Romansh: lard
• Russian: лярд (ljard)
• Sardinian: ladru, laldu, lardu
• Sicilian: lardu
• Spanish: lardo
• Venetan: lardo

References

• “lardum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “lardum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "lardum", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “lardum”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.