iru

See also: Appendix:Variations of "iru"

Translingual

Symbol

iru

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Irula.

See also

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Irula terms

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Yoruba irú.

Noun

iru (uncountable)

1. A West African condiment made from fermented locust beans.

Anagrams

• Rui, URI, Uri, uri

Big Nambas

Big Nambas cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : iru

Etymology

From i- (verbal prefix, also used for numbers) + Proto-North-Central Vanuatu *rua, from Proto-Oceanic *rua, from Proto-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Central-Eastern Malayo-Polynesian *dua, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *duha, from Proto-Austronesian *duSa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iru/

Numeral

iru

1. two

References

• Fox, G.J. (1979), Big Nambas Grammar (Pacific Linguistics; B-60)‎^[1], Canberra, ACT: Pacific Linguistics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, →ISBN

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiru/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iru
• Syllabification: i‧ru

Verb

iru

1. imperative of iri

Haruku

Noun

iru

1. nose

References

• ASJP, citing Stokhof (1982), Holle lists: Vocabularies in languages of Indonesia 3/3 Central Moluccas: Seram (III), Materials in Languages of Indonesia 15, Pacific Linguistics D-49
• James Thomas Collins, The Historical Relationships of the Languages of Central Maluku, Indonesia (1982), page 193
• Charles E. Grimes, Owen Edwards, The Austronesian languages of eastern Indonesia and Timor-Leste (2026), page 548

Japanese

Romanization

iru

1. Rōmaji transcription of いる

Kikuyu

Etymology

Hinde (1904) records iru as an equivalent of English knee in “Jogowini dialect” of Kikuyu, listing also Kamba iyu as its equivalent.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ìɾǔꜜ/

As for Tonal Class, Armstrong (1940) classifies this term into ɲamo class which includes nyamũ, gũtũ, guka, mũguĩ, mũgwacĩ, mũtwe, rũkũ, ũta, taata (“my aunt”), Kariũki (“man's name”), etc. Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 3 with a monosyllabic stem, together with rũkũ, and so on.

• (Kiambu)

• (Limuru) As for Tonal Class, Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including baba, guka, gũtũ, mũguĩ, mũtwe, nyamũ, ruo, rũhĩ (pl. hĩ), rũkũ (pl. ngũ), taata (“my aunt”), ũta (pl. mota), ũthiũ (pl. mothiũ), and so on.

Noun

iru class 5 (plural maru)

1. knee

Derived terms

(Proverbs)

• nyama ya mbũri ndiunagwo na iru

References

• “iru” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• ira
• iro
• ire

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hiz.

Pronoun

iru

1. her

Declension

Old Saxon personal pronouns

		nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
singular	1st person	ik	mī, me, mik	mī	mīn
2nd person	thū	thī, thik	thī	thīn
3rd person	m	hē	ina	imu	is
f	siu	sia	iru	ira
n	it	it	is
dual	1st person	wit	unk	unkero, unka
2nd person	git	ink	inker, inka
plural	1st person	wī, we	ūs, unsik	ūs	ūser
2nd person	gī, ge	eu, iu, iuu	euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera
3rd person	m	sia	im	iro
f	sia
n	siu

Ternate

Etymology

Ultimately from Old Javanese irus (“ladle made of a half coconut-shell”). Cognate with Tobelo iruhu (“id”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈ(ʔ)i.ru/

Noun

iru

1. spoon, ladle, especially one made from a coconut shell

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Yoruba

Alternative forms

• urú (Ekiti)

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.ɾú/

Noun

irú

1. type, kind, sort

   Synonym: ríṣi

   Irú ẹja wo leléyìí? ― Which type of fish is this?

2. breed

   Synonym: ẹ̀yà

Derived terms

• irúfẹ́
• irúkírú
• onírúurú (“variety”)

Etymology 2

Cognate with Igala úlú, probably derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ú-lú

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.ɾú/

Noun

irú

1. seed

   Synonym: irúgbìn

Derived terms

• irúgbàá
• irúgbìn (“seed”)
• ìrúlá (“okra seed”)

Etymology 3

Irú tí a fi sebẹ̀.

From Clipping of irúgbàá, ultimately from irú (“seed”) +‎ ìgbá (“the tree Parkia biglobosa”), literally “seed of the Parkia biglobosa”.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.ɾú/

Noun

irú

1. fermented locust beans used in cooking.

   Synonyms: irúgbàá, irúgbàá àbàtà

Derived terms

• ẹlẹ́nu irú

Descendants

• → English: iru

Etymology 4

Irù

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.ɾù/

Noun

irù

1. tsetse fly

Etymology 5

Ológbò tó ń lé ìrù òun.

See Urhobo úrhúrhu

Alternative forms

• ùrù (Ekiti)
• ùù (Ondo)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾù/

Noun

ìrù

1. tail

Derived terms

• ìrùkẹ̀rẹ̀

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾú/

Noun

ìrú

1. loyalty, allegiance; especially to a higher authority
2. strenuous effort or labor

   Synonym: ìlàkàkà