Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hleutaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

The pre-Germanic root form *klewd- seems unattested outside Germanic, but it is likely an extension of the same Proto-Indo-European root *klewH- (“lot, fate”) as seen in Lithuanian kliū́ti (“to stick, hang on”) and Latvian kļũt (“to become, succeed”), especially in view of Latvian kļũtas (“fate”).

Less likely from Proto-Indo-European *(s)klēh₂w- (“to shut, close, lock; to check, hamper, hem in”). (Can this⁽⁺⁾ etymology be sourced?)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxleu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
• Rhymes: -eu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃

Verb

*hleutaną

1. to cast lots
2. to be alotted
3. to obtain by lot, to beget, to acquire

Inflection

Conjugation of *hleutaną (strong class 2)

	active voice		passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hleutō	*hleutaų	—	*hleutai	?
2nd singular	*hliutizi	*hleutaiz	*hleut	*hleutazai	*hleutaizau
3rd singular	*hliutidi	*hleutai	*hleutadau	*hleutadai	*hleutaidau
1st dual	*hleutōz	*hleutaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hleutadiz	*hleutaidiz	*hleutadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hleutamaz	*hleutaim	—	*hleutandai	*hleutaindau
2nd plural	*hliutid	*hleutaid	*hliutid	*hleutandai	*hleutaindau
3rd plural	*hleutandi	*hleutain	*hleutandau	*hleutandai	*hleutaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hlaut	*hlutį̄
2nd singular	*hlaust	*hlutīz
3rd singular	*hlaut	*hlutī
1st dual	*hlutū	*hlutīw
2nd dual	*hlutudiz	*hlutīdiz
1st plural	*hlutum	*hlutīm
2nd plural	*hlutud	*hlutīd
3rd plural	*hlutun	*hlutīn
	present	past
participles	*hleutandz	*hlutanaz

Synonyms

• *hlutōną

Derived terms

• *hlutjô

Related terms

• *hlautaz
• *hlutą

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hleutan
  • Old English: hlēotan
  • Old Saxon: hliotan
  • Old High German: hlioȥan, lioȥan
    • Middle High German: lieȥen
• Old Norse: hljóta
  • Icelandic: hljóta
  • Faroese: ljóta
  • Old Swedish: liūta
    • Swedish: ljuta
• →? Proto-Finnic: *leütädäk (“to find”)